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Articles 1 - 30 of 337
Full-Text Articles in Law
Jettisoning Chevron, Linda Jellum
The Illusory Right To Abandon, Eduardo Peñalver
The Illusory Right To Abandon, Eduardo Peñalver
Articles
The unilateral and unqualified nature of the right to abandon (at least as it is usually described) appears to make it a robust example of the law's concern to safeguard the individual autonomy interests that many contemporary commentators have identified as lying at the heart of the concept of private ownership. The doctrine supposedly empowers owners of chattels freely and unilaterally to abandon them by manifesting the clear intent to do so, typically by renouncing possession of the object in a way that communicates the intent to forgo any future claim to it. A complication immediately arises, however due to …
A Search For The Truth Or Trial By Ordeal: When Prosecutors Cross-Examine Adolescents How Should Courts Respond, Frank E. Vandervort
A Search For The Truth Or Trial By Ordeal: When Prosecutors Cross-Examine Adolescents How Should Courts Respond, Frank E. Vandervort
Articles
It is an axiom of the law that cross-examination is, in John Henry Wigmore's words, the "greatest legal engine ever invented for the discovery of truth." In part because of its perceived utility in getting to the truth of a matter, courts are generally reluctant, despite broad authority to do so, to step in and to govern the conduct of cross-examination. But is cross-examination invariably calculated to ascertain the truth? While most lawyers are familiar with Wigmore's famous quotation, few are familiar with the caveat that shortly follows it: "A lawyer can do anything with cross-examination.. . . He may, …
Retribution And The Experience Of Punishment, Jonathan Masur, John Bronsteen, Christopher Buccafusco
Retribution And The Experience Of Punishment, Jonathan Masur, John Bronsteen, Christopher Buccafusco
Articles
No abstract provided.
Traveling Concepts: Substantive Equality On The Road, Susanne Baer
Traveling Concepts: Substantive Equality On The Road, Susanne Baer
Articles
Ideas travel. Even legal concepts migrate on the globe. However, it is a contested issue whether migration is a good idea. We may enjoy traveling ourselves, but many people in the world of law are somewhat worried if we take legal baggage along. Some claim that legal baggage never arrives at its destination and challenge the very possibility of what some call a legal transplant. Others claim that we already live in transnational legal contexts, while still others claim that migration occurs, and that modifies each legal concept on the road in rather significant ways, which may render the project …
State Fiscal Policies And Transitory Income Fluctuations, James R. Hines Jr.
State Fiscal Policies And Transitory Income Fluctuations, James R. Hines Jr.
Articles
State and local expenditure and tax revenue respond less to the business cycle than do federal spending and revenue, thereby reducing the countercyclicality of total government expenditure and revenue. This paper considers forces responsible for the cyclical pattern of state expenditure and revenue. Annual fluctuations in state personal income are associated with small changes in state spending and significant changes in tax receipts; receipt of federal grants is associated with greater state spending. Tax collections, and to a lesser degree expenditure, of larger states are more closely associated with annual income fluctuations than are the tax collections and expenditure of …
The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Potential Insurance Coverage Implications, Lynn K. Neuner, W. Nicholson Price
The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Potential Insurance Coverage Implications, Lynn K. Neuner, W. Nicholson Price
Articles
More than 300 lawsuits have already been filed in Louisiana, Florida, Texas, Mississippi, and Alabama against BP and other corporations involved in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, including Transocean, Halliburton, and Cameron, with thousands more anticipated. This article briefly addresses the contours of the coverage lawsuit already filed against BP and other coverage disputes we may see in the future.
The Redemption Puzzle, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah
The Redemption Puzzle, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah
Articles
After the adoption of partial integration in 2003, there has been only a modest rise in dividends, but a sixfold increase in redemptions. This article argues that the explanation for that lies in the different treatment of dividends and capital gains to foreign shareholders and that Congress should respond by making sections 302 and 304 inapplicable to foreign shareholders.
Welfare As Happiness, Jonathan Masur, John Bronsteen, Christopher Buccafusco
Welfare As Happiness, Jonathan Masur, John Bronsteen, Christopher Buccafusco
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Hydra, Carl E. Schneider
The Hydra, Carl E. Schneider
Articles
Almost nobody favors long consent forms for prospective research subjects. Almost everybody thinks they interfere with informed consent's purpose-good decisions. Nevertheless, almost everybody believes consent forms have long been getting longer. Years ago, Paul Appelbaum lamented the "tendency to cram ever more information into consent forms." Weeks ago, Ilene Albala and her colleagues (one of them Appelbaum) reported in IRE: Ethics & Human Research that the length of one institutional review board's forms "increased roughly linearly by an average of 1.5 pages per decade. In the 1970s, the average consent form was less than one page long and often only …
Judicial Review, A Comparative Perspective: Israel, Canada, And The United States, Richard A. Posner
Judicial Review, A Comparative Perspective: Israel, Canada, And The United States, Richard A. Posner
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Inevitability Of Theory, Richard O. Lempert
The Inevitability Of Theory, Richard O. Lempert
Articles
I wrote this Article in response to an invitation to deliver the keynote address at Berkeley Law School’s Jurisprudence and Social Policy conference Building Theory Through Empirical Legal Studies. Lauren Edelman, the intellectual mother of the conference, gently brushed aside my suggestion that I present one of my own attempts to synthesize the results of empirical research to generate theory, and asked that I directly address the conference topic. I am glad that she did.
Aba Criminal Justice Standards On The Treatment Of Prisoners, Margo Schlanger, Margaret C. Love, Carl Reynolds
Aba Criminal Justice Standards On The Treatment Of Prisoners, Margo Schlanger, Margaret C. Love, Carl Reynolds
Articles
or more than i O years, corrections professionals and others concerned about the treatment of prisoners have despaired over conditions in California's prisons. Crowding, violence, racial segregation, abysmal medical care, an obstructionist corrections union. and a state budget crisis have combined to bring the system to the point of constitutional meltdov,n. In 2008. a state appellate court found conditions of "'extreme peril to the safety of persons and property,'' and a three-judge federal court confirmed the existence of a "substantial risk to the health and safety of the men and women who work inside these prisons and the inmates housed …
The Case Against Taxing Citizens, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah
The Case Against Taxing Citizens, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah
Articles
The bipartisan tax reform bill recently introduced by Sens. Ron Wyden, D-Ore., and Judd Gregg, R-N.H., proposes to abolish IRC section 911. That section, which exempts U.S. citizens living overseas from tax on the first $80,000 of earned income, is indeed anomalous in the context of a tax on all income "from whatever source derived," and has been subjected to criticism. However, there is a reason section 911 has been in the code since the 1920s: In its absence, citizenship-based taxation becomes completely unadministrable. Rather than continuing the long argument over section 911, Congress should therefore reexamine the basic premise: …
The Authority For Federalism: Madison's Negative And The Origins Of Federal Ideology, Alison Lacroix
The Authority For Federalism: Madison's Negative And The Origins Of Federal Ideology, Alison Lacroix
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Institutional Dynamics Of Transition Relief, Jonathan Masur, Jonathan Remy Nash
The Institutional Dynamics Of Transition Relief, Jonathan Masur, Jonathan Remy Nash
Articles
Whether and how to provide transition relief from a change in legal regime is a question of critical importance. Legislatures and agencies effect changes to the law constantly, and affected private actors often seek relief from those changes, at least in the short term. Scholarship on transition relief therefore has focused almost entirely on examining when transition relief might be justified and now recognizes that there may be settings where relief from legal transitions is appropriate. Yet largely absent from these treatments is an answer to the question of which institutional actor is best positioned to decide when legal transition …
Adr In Labor And Employment Law During The Past Quarter Century, Theodore J. St. Antoine
Adr In Labor And Employment Law During The Past Quarter Century, Theodore J. St. Antoine
Articles
Two events can serve as bookends for alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in labor and employment law during the past quarter century. The first was the 1991 U.S. Supreme Court decision in Gilmer v. Interstate/Johnson Lane Corp. The Court approved so-called "mandatory arbitration" by holding that an individual stockbroker was bound by a contract with the New York Stock Exchange to arbitrate a claim of age discrimination against his employer, rather than take the case to court. The second event, or set of events, is the current consideration by Congress of the proposed Employee Free Choice Act (EFCA) and Arbitration Fairness …
Citizenship Perception Strain In Cases Of Crime And War: On Law And Intuition, Mary De Ming Fan
Citizenship Perception Strain In Cases Of Crime And War: On Law And Intuition, Mary De Ming Fan
Articles
The jurisprudence on crime and war has repeatedly indicated that citizenship matters in determining the scope and applicability of constitutional protections. Just how citizenship matters and what vision of the citizen controls have been murky, however. A rich literature has developed deploring how the nation and the jurisprudence have appeared to slip beneath the baseline of protections when faced with formal citizens who challenge our popular notions about what citizens look like, feel like, and do. What warrants further examination is why this may be so. Understanding the processes that may blur the doctrine and lead to slippage in citizenship …
Xilinx Revisited, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah
Xilinx Revisited, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah
Articles
On March 22 the Ninth Circuit released its new opinion in Xilinx v. Commissioner, Doc 2010-6163, 2010 WTD 55-42. 1 As has been expected since the panel withdrew its original opinion, it reversed itself and in a 2-1 opinion held for the taxpayer. The opinion makes it pretty clear why the reversal occurred. It was the result of concentrated pressure by the international tax community and the fact that the government was unwilling to defend the theory on which the panel originally decided the case: that the arm’s-length standard of the section 482 regulations does not apply to cost sharing. …
Dissecting O'Donnabhain, Anthony C. Infanti
Dissecting O'Donnabhain, Anthony C. Infanti
Articles
In O'Donnabhain v. Commissioner, a sharply divided Tax Court allowed a medical expense deduction for some costs related to sex reassignment surgery. This short commentary examines the opinions in the case and concludes that the taxpayer's victory rings hollow.
What Tort Theory Tells Us About Federal Preemption: The Tragic Saga Of Wyeth V. Levine, Richard A. Epstein
What Tort Theory Tells Us About Federal Preemption: The Tragic Saga Of Wyeth V. Levine, Richard A. Epstein
Articles
No abstract provided.
It Is Logic Rather Than Whom You Trust: A Rejoinder To Prof. Cohen, Douglas A. Kahn
It Is Logic Rather Than Whom You Trust: A Rejoinder To Prof. Cohen, Douglas A. Kahn
Articles
This article is the continuation of an exchange that has taken place between Prof. Stephen B. Cohen and me concerning the validity of criticisms leveled by Chief Justice John Roberts on an opinion by then-Judge Sonia Sotomayor writing for the Second Circuit in the case of William L. Rudkin Testamentary Trust v. Commissioner. While affirming the Second Circuit’s decision, Chief Justice Roberts, writing for a unanimous Supreme Court, criticized and rejected Justice Sotomayor’s construction of the relevant statutory provision. In an article in the August 3, 2009, issue of Tax Notes, Cohen defended Justice Sotomayor’s construction of the statute and …
A Burkean Perspective On Patent Eligibility, Part Ii: Reflections On The (Counter)Revolution In Patent Law, Thomas F. Cotter
A Burkean Perspective On Patent Eligibility, Part Ii: Reflections On The (Counter)Revolution In Patent Law, Thomas F. Cotter
Articles
In 2007, I published an essay in the Berkeley Technology Law Journal, titled A Burkean Perspective on Patent Eligibility, in which I discussed how the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and the United States Patent and Trademark Office had discarded various doctrines relating to patent eligibility - among them, rules that all patentable inventions must pertain to the technological arts, that they may not read on mental steps, and that patentable processes must effect a physical transformation - in favor of an approach that asked only whether an invention had practical utility and was predictable in …
Optimal Fines For False Patent Marking, Thomas F. Cotter
Optimal Fines For False Patent Marking, Thomas F. Cotter
Articles
Since January 1, 2010, plaintiffs have filed over three hundred lawsuits under 35 U.S.C. § 292, the false patent marking statute. Fueled in large part by recent Federal Circuit case law embracing an expansive interpretation of the statute, this uptick has alarmed some observers, who fear that patent owners whose products bear the numbers of expired or inapplicable patents could be liable for, literally, billions of dollars in fines. While Congress and the courts consider various responses, one issue that has failed to attract much notice thus far is the question of how to calculate appropriate fines for marking violations. …
Climate Change, Carbon Sequestration, And Property Rights, Alexandra B. Klass, Elizabeth J. Wilson
Climate Change, Carbon Sequestration, And Property Rights, Alexandra B. Klass, Elizabeth J. Wilson
Articles
This Article considers the role of property rights in efforts to sequester underground hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) per year from power plants and other industrial facilities in order to mitigate climate change. This technology, known as carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), could provide deep emission cuts, particularly from coal power generation, on a worldwide basis. In order to implement this technology, future CCS operators must be able to access hundreds of millions of acres of "pore space" roughly a kilometer below the earth's surface in which to store CO2 for hundreds to thousands of years. …
Trademarks And The Boundaries Of The Firm, Dan L. Burk, Brett Mcdonnell
Trademarks And The Boundaries Of The Firm, Dan L. Burk, Brett Mcdonnell
Articles
Coase’s theory of the firm has become a familiar tool to analyze the structure and organization of businesses. Such analyses have increasingly focused on property based theories of the firm, including intellectual property. In previous work we have discussed the application of this model to patents, copyrights, and trade secrets. Here we take up the theory of the firm with regard to trademarks, which act as signals of firm reputation, and so have application and effects that differ substantially from other forms of intellectual property. Using the framework from our previous analyses, we examine the propensity of trademarks to lower …
Book Review, David Weissbrodt
The Approach Of The Committee On The Elimination Of Racial Discrimination To Interpreting And Applying International Humanitarian Law, David Weissbrodt
The Approach Of The Committee On The Elimination Of Racial Discrimination To Interpreting And Applying International Humanitarian Law, David Weissbrodt
Articles
The four Geneva Conventions 1 and the two Additional Protocols of 1977 2 generally lack authoritative mechanisms for interpretation. Interpretation and application of these treaties are principally left to the judgment of the states that are parties to the Geneva Conventions and Protocols 3 and, increasingly, to the International Criminal Court and international tribunals. 4 The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) encourages states parties to comply with their obligations under humanitarian law, but it is not an adjudicative body 5 and rarely publishes its authoritative interpretations of the Geneva Conventions and Protocols. 6 Article 90 of Additional Protocol …
The Invisible Hand Of Preacquired Account Marketing, Prentiss Cox
The Invisible Hand Of Preacquired Account Marketing, Prentiss Cox
Articles
Preacquired account marketing is a sales practice that allows companies to charge consumers for services they do not know they ordered and do not use. The practice depends on a seller's ability to access a consumer's financial account without the consumer directly providing her account number and other access information to that seller. This flips the power dynamic in the solicitation process by shifting the burden to the consumer to stop the seller from accessing her account, rather than requiring the seller to ask the consumer for her account information before her account can be charged. This is possible because …
Framing Justice: Media, Bias, And Legal Decisionmaking, Perry L. Moriearty
Framing Justice: Media, Bias, And Legal Decisionmaking, Perry L. Moriearty
Articles
During the 1990s, the news media saturated the American public with stories and images of glassy-eyed, teenaged “superpredators,” who allegedly killed and maimed for sport. These violent, dark and “morally impoverished” youth were running wild in our city streets was the message, and unless we did something, they would destroy the very moral fabric of our society. Drawing on recent social science studies, which demonstrate that the graphic and racialized content of crime news coverage can increase consumers’ cognitive bias in imperceptible, but determinative ways, I argue that exposure to the “superpredator” narrative may have had a discernable impact on …