Law Commons^™

Congressional Control Over Agency Rulemaking: The Nutrition Labeling And Education Act's Hammer Provisions, Elizabeth Magill

All Faculty Scholarship

On November 8, 1990, President Bush signed into law the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 (NLEA). The law embodied an aggressive agenda, dictating a comprehensive overhaul of food labels. The law clarified and enhanced the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) authority to require nutrition labels on foods, and established circumstances under which health claims could be made about the nutritional composition or value of foods. Culminating two years of activity on Capitol Hill, the consideration and passage of the bill coincided with a major initiative at the FDA to overhaul food labeling requirements.

The provision of the NLEA …

An Economic Analysis Of Trade Measures To Protect The Global Environment, Howard F. Chang

All Faculty Scholarship

In this article, Professor Howard Chang addresses the role of trade restrictions in supporting policies to protect the global environment and proposes a more liberal treatment of these environmental trade measures than that adopted by dispute-settlement panels of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The GATT Secretariat has recommended that countries like the United States rely on "carrots" rather than "sticks" in order to induce the participation of other countries in multilateral environmental agreements. Professor Chang defends the use of sticks on the ground that they encourage more restrained exploitation of the environment pending a multilateral agreement. First, …