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Articles 1 - 30 of 48
Full-Text Articles in Law
Federalism Or Federationism, William E. Butler
Federalism Or Federationism, William E. Butler
Michigan Law Review
When I took up my appointment in October 1970 as Reader in Comparative Law in the University of London, I was invited to collaborate in teaching the LL.M.' course in Soviet Law offered within the University on an intercollegiate basis. The course had been introduced two years previously, the first of its kind within the realm. Originally it was offered by a team of three, regrettably all now deceased: Edward Johnson, Ivo Lapenna, and Albert K. R Kiralfy. I had come to England to replace the late Edward Johnson, whose untimely death had left vacant the Readership in Soviet Law, …
Language Of Lullabies: The Russification And De-Russification Of The Baltic States, Sonia Bychkov Green
Language Of Lullabies: The Russification And De-Russification Of The Baltic States, Sonia Bychkov Green
Michigan Journal of International Law
This article argues that the laws for promotion of the national languages are a legitimate means for the Baltic states to establish their cultural independence from Russia and the former Soviet Union.
Securing Russia's Future: A Plea For Reform In Russian Secured Transactions Law, Jason J. Kilborn
Securing Russia's Future: A Plea For Reform In Russian Secured Transactions Law, Jason J. Kilborn
Michigan Law Review
After many turbulent years of uneasy transition to a market economy, Russia is finally "open for business." Nonetheless, the transitional period remains far from over, and Russian enterprises are still starved for capital that they desperately need for retooling to convert from military to consumer production, for acquiring new equipment to replace old and worn machinery, and for undertaking new and lucrative projects. While Russian financial institutions may provide significant funding, their reserves are limited; they could not hope to finance independently the multitude of existing and potential enterprises within the expansive Russian territory. Therefore, much of the financing for …
The Role Of Law In The Soviet System: Looking Back And Moving Forward, Sarah J. Reynolds
The Role Of Law In The Soviet System: Looking Back And Moving Forward, Sarah J. Reynolds
Michigan Journal of International Law
Review of Russian Law: The End of the Soviet System and the Role of Law by F.J.M. Feldbrugge
Models For A Gorbachev Constitution Of The U.S.S.R., John N. Hazard
Models For A Gorbachev Constitution Of The U.S.S.R., John N. Hazard
Michigan Journal of International Law
Western Sovietologists were startled when Secretary General Mikhail S. Gorbachev set his craftsmen to work in the Summer of 1988 to prepare a revised structure for the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ("U.S.S.R."). While some hint of what was to come had been given by publications prior to the 19th Communist Party Conference, and while some of these appeared in the theses to be debated at the Conference, Westerners expected little more than a call from the tribune for change in attitudes. Basic State structures established by Leonid Brezhnev in his 1977 Constitution had not previously been questioned. Critics levelled …
The Changing Process Of International Law And The Role Of The World Court, J. Patrick Kelly
The Changing Process Of International Law And The Role Of The World Court, J. Patrick Kelly
Michigan Journal of International Law
Two approaches have emerged in recent American literature as to the appropriate United States attitude toward the World Court: (1) the re-acceptance of compulsory jurisdiction with various reservations to preserve vital American interests; and (2) the preservation of the status quo premised on a perception that the World Court is biased or misguided, while promoting the United States government's perspective on international law. This article argues that neither approach comes to terms with the wide disagreements about content and process in the international community. Both fail to promote the goals of an enhanced World Court or a better international legal …
Lawyers In Soviet Work Life, Michigan Law Review
Lawyers In Soviet Work Life, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Lawyers in Soviet Work Life by Louise I. Shelley
Socialism And Federation, John N. Hazard
Socialism And Federation, John N. Hazard
Michigan Law Review
Federal structures are often established by national founders to manage intractable problems created over generations, if not centuries, by the migration of peoples. Military and economic pressures may stimulate union to assure survival, but ethnic, racial or religious tensions sometimes hamper draftsmen who sense the need for unity. Federation has often been the modem solution to the conflict between the need for unity and the desire for autonomy felt by groups fearing the loss of identity.
Final Judgment: My Life As A Soviet Defense Attorney, Michigan Law Review
Final Judgment: My Life As A Soviet Defense Attorney, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Final Judgment: My Life as a Soviet Defense Attorney by Dina Kaminskaya
Exiting From The Soviet Union: Emigrés Or Refugees?, Zvi Gitelman
Exiting From The Soviet Union: Emigrés Or Refugees?, Zvi Gitelman
Michigan Journal of International Law
One of the most dramatic developments in the Soviet Union during the past decade has been the mass emigration of citizens, mostly of Jewish, German, and Armenian nationality. Emigration from the USSR had not been permitted, except for a tiny handful, since the early 1920s, although in the aftermath of World War II several hundred thousand Soviet citizens managed to remain in the West. These were either prisoners of war, slave laborers, Nazi collaborators, or simply people who took advantage of wartime chaos to flee the Soviet Union. But between 1971 and the end of 1980, over 300,000 Soviet citizens …
Beyond Freedom And Dignity: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn And The American Gulag, Ira P. Robbins
Beyond Freedom And Dignity: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn And The American Gulag, Ira P. Robbins
Michigan Law Review
A review of The Gulag Archipelago 1918-1956: An Experiment in Literary Investigation. Volume III by Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn
Highway To Armageddon, Bernhard G. Bechhoefer
Highway To Armageddon, Bernhard G. Bechhoefer
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Nuclear Weapons and World Politics: Alternatives for the Future by David G. Compert, Michael Madelbaum, Richard L. Warwin, and John H. Burton
The Soviet-American Arms Race: A European Perspective, J. David Singer
The Soviet-American Arms Race: A European Perspective, J. David Singer
Michigan Law Review
A Review of The Game of Disarmament: How the U.S. & Russia Run the Arms Race by Alva Myrdal
Review Of Contemporary Soviet Law: Essays In Honor Of John N. Hazard, Whitmore Gray
Review Of Contemporary Soviet Law: Essays In Honor Of John N. Hazard, Whitmore Gray
Reviews
This excellent collection of essays on Soviet Law was assembled to honor Professor John N. Hazard of Columbia University on the occasion of his sixty-fifth year, as well as the fortieth anniversary of his embarking on his study of the Soviet legal system. As an introduction to the contemporary essays, the editors happily chose to publish for the first time some of the letters Professor Hazard wrote to his sponsor in New York during his three years as a law student in Moscow, 1934-37. These excerpts are the jewel of the volume, and should certainly be read by anyone trying …
Review Of Encyclopedia Of Soviet Law, Whitmore Gray
Review Of Encyclopedia Of Soviet Law, Whitmore Gray
Reviews
The publication of this work is an occasion for real celebration. At last there is a standard reference book to which both initiated scholar and interested neophyte can turn for an excellent introduction to almost any point of Soviet law. Professor F.J.M. Feldbrugge of the University of Leiden and his collaborators have produced a volume which will surely serve as the point of initial reference and departure for all subsequent scholarship on Soviet law.
Review Of The Judge In A Communist State: A View From Within, Whitmore Gray
Review Of The Judge In A Communist State: A View From Within, Whitmore Gray
Reviews
This is a rare book. It is full of real people and real life episodes. The author's almost incredible memory for the details of scores of cases and other legal incidents in Czechoslovakia in the 1950's makes this a remarkable contribution to the comparative-law literature. Those who are looking for theoretical controversy will not find it here, for this book is simply a generous slice of life in a communist country, as seen through the eyes of a remarkably perceptive, legally trained viewer. As the author says, it is "neither an indictment nor a glorification" (p. xi). The author is …
Legal Education In The Soviet Union And Eastern Europe, Whitmore Gray
Legal Education In The Soviet Union And Eastern Europe, Whitmore Gray
Articles
The following notes are based on interviews with law professors, law students and lawyers during a brief trip in 1970 to Moscow, Budapest and Prague. On previous visits in 1959 and 1965 the writer had visited law schools in Kiev, Baku, Tbilisi, Alma Ata, Leningrad, Prague and Warsaw, and had sat in on lectures, recitation sections, and examinations.1 In looking this time for changes, the writer was particularly interested in whether there was some reflection there of the general student malaise which the United States has been experiencing, manifested in American law schools in student pressure for "relevant" courses and …
Scholarship On Soviet Family Law In Perspective, Whitmore Gray
Scholarship On Soviet Family Law In Perspective, Whitmore Gray
Articles
The radical changes in the norms of Soviet family law over the past fifty years have reflected the convulsions of Soviet society as well as the revisions of Marxism-Leninism-Stalinism. This paper is a commentary on the writing in this field by Americans in particular, and by other non-Soviets in general. In view of the volume of writing in this field, it has been necessary to limit discussion in the text to a few representative articles illustrating a few of the subject matters treated and various typical approaches employed. The topic is a particularly timely one, for new, comprehensive Principles of …
A Divided Country In Foreign Courts-Recent Litigation Involving Germany's Legal Status And The Zeiss Stiftung, Herbert L. Bernstein
A Divided Country In Foreign Courts-Recent Litigation Involving Germany's Legal Status And The Zeiss Stiftung, Herbert L. Bernstein
Michigan Law Review
The partition of countries in the wake of the second World War accounts for two Asian battlefields: Korea and Viet Nam. In Europe, where a dividing line was drawn through Germany, military hostilities have been avoided thus far. Instead, the controversies originating from that line are fought out at the conference table, through public and private media of communication, and in the courthouses.
Diplomats, Scientists, And Politicians: The United States And The Nuclear Test Ban Negotiations, Harold Karan Jacobson, Eric Stein
Diplomats, Scientists, And Politicians: The United States And The Nuclear Test Ban Negotiations, Harold Karan Jacobson, Eric Stein
Michigan Legal Studies Series
This study began in 1961 as a limited attempt to assess the impact of science and modern technology on the negotiating process and concepts of international organization, using the test ban negotiations then in progress as a case study. When the Moscow Treaty was signed, however, it seemed wise to broaden the focus and to capture as many of the details as we could that might help to explain this first formal arms control agreement between East and West in the nuclear age. Our analysis is clearly not definitive, but hopefully, it will be a useful source, even after all …
Jacobson: Diplomats, Scientists, And Politicians: The United States And The Nuclear Test Ban Negotiations, Bernard G. Bechhoefer
Jacobson: Diplomats, Scientists, And Politicians: The United States And The Nuclear Test Ban Negotiations, Bernard G. Bechhoefer
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Diplomats, Scientists, and Politicians: The United States and the Nuclear Test Ban Negotiations by Harold Karan Jacobson and Eric Stein.
Civil Code Of The Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic: An English Translation, Whitmore Gray, Raymond Stults
Civil Code Of The Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic: An English Translation, Whitmore Gray, Raymond Stults
Books
This book is an English translation of the Soviet Civil Code as published in Sovetskaia Iustitsiia in 1964. This book also includes the Russian original.
Review Of The Soviet Legal System And How Russia Is Ruled, Whitmore Gray
Review Of The Soviet Legal System And How Russia Is Ruled, Whitmore Gray
Reviews
Is there a legal system in the Soviet Union, and if so, what is its role in post-Stalin Soviet society? The Soviet Legal System for the first time makes it possible for a lawyer or law teacher to plunge directly into a very rich collection of translations of case decisions, statutes and doctrinal commentary. Even without a background in Soviet studies, the authors' valuable commentary and the reader's own legal training should make it possible for him to evaluate the material presented. With the help of the new edition of Fainsod's How Russia Is Ruled he can see the development …
Soviet Tort Law: The New Principles Annotated, Whitmore Gray
Soviet Tort Law: The New Principles Annotated, Whitmore Gray
Articles
In 1961, the federal legislature, the USSR Supreme Soviet, finally adopted a skeleton code of fundamental principles of civil law.10 This recodification, which incorporates 40 years of case law and doctrinal development as well as some major innovations, will be the basis for individual civil codes to be adopted in each of the 15 union republics. While there may be some slight modifications, and certainly some variety in the degree of additional detail included in the individual codes by each republic,11 these Principles present already a fairly comprehensive picture of the shape of the future law. They are about as …
Grzybowski: Soviet Legal Institutions: Doctrines And Social Functions, Isaac Shapiro
Grzybowski: Soviet Legal Institutions: Doctrines And Social Functions, Isaac Shapiro
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Soviet Legal Institutions: Doctrines and Social Functions. By Kazimierz Grzybowski.
Space Communications And The Law: Adequate International Control After 1963?, Samuel D. Estep, Amalya L. Kearse
Space Communications And The Law: Adequate International Control After 1963?, Samuel D. Estep, Amalya L. Kearse
Michigan Law Review
During the current year, a space event of legal and technological significance will occur. The American Telephone and Telegraph Company (A.T. & T.), using the launching facilities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), will launch its first satellite for research in the area of commercial communications.† The A.T. & T. sphere will be the first tested by a private, commercial organization specifically for business purposes- to implement a plan eventually to provide increased and improved telecommunications on a grand scale at a lower cost. The satellite will relay television signals from the United States to England, Germany, and …
Chinese Communist Law: Its Background And Development, Luke T. Lee
Chinese Communist Law: Its Background And Development, Luke T. Lee
Michigan Law Review
It is perhaps axiomatic to state that law is more than an instrument for the settlement of disputes and punishment of wrongdoers; it is, more importantly, a reflection of the way of life and the philosophy of the people that live under it. Self-evident though the above may be, it bears repeating here, for there is a much greater need for understanding Chinese law now than ever before. China's growing ideological, political, economic, and military impact on the rest of the world would alone serve as a powerful motivation for the study of its law. Certainly, we could not even …
Soviet Legal Institutions: Doctrines And Social Functions, Kazimierz Grzybowski
Soviet Legal Institutions: Doctrines And Social Functions, Kazimierz Grzybowski
Michigan Legal Studies Series
This book represents the highlight of a career of scholarship by its author and a most significant contribution to the literature, which will bring to those who seek it an understanding of the role law plays in Soviet Russia. More important, it will bring that understanding in a comparative context which sharpens the impact and compels a careful analysis of the social function legal institutions perform in both systems. Though Soviet jurists may deny the validity of comparative methodology as applied to the Soviet legal order, the analysis which is here presented proves not only that comparisons are possible but …
Henkin: Arms Control And Inspection In American Law, Eric Stein
Henkin: Arms Control And Inspection In American Law, Eric Stein
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Arms Control and Inspection in American Law. By Louis Henkin. With a Foreword by Philip C. Jessup.
Review Of The Soviet System Of Government, Settling Disputes In Soviet Society, Government, Law And Courts In The Soviet Union And Eastern Europe, And The Law Of Inheritance In Eastern Europe And In The People's Republic Of China, Whitmore Gray
Reviews
Each of these four books makes a significant contribution to the rapidly growing body of literature on the communist legal systems. Together they provide an introduction to Soviet law and legal history and a basis for its comparison with the law of other countries within the communist bloc. Before examining the books individually a brief description of their contents may be in order.