Law Commons^™

A Suggestion For An Impeccable Logical Integrity; Legal Errors Contained In Some Emotional Assertions Emphasizing The Meaning Of Scapin677, Young K. Kim

Young K Kim

SCAPIN677, the occupying commander's directive in 1946, has decisive meanings and very important logical function in interpreting the 1951 San Francisco Peace Treaty . It, as a normative fact, not as any rule of law, has eventually acknowledged the separation of Dokdo from Japanese jurisdiction.

Labor Disputes In Professional Sports: How Federal Judges Referee Antitrust Lawsuits-- False Starts And Technical Fouls, Michael Leroy

Michael H LeRoy

Using a database of 83 published court opinions from 1970-2011, I show that players have utilized conflicting federal laws to improve their labor market mobility. They formed unions under the National Labor Relations Act, and bargained collectively with leagues. Often, however, they lacked bargaining power to modify the draft or reserve clause, which bound them to a team. Players sued, therefore, under the Sherman Act to challenge these practices as restraints of trade. Thus, players have used a dual engagement strategy of bargaining with leagues under the NLRA while holding identical negotiations under the threat of Sherman Act treble damages. …

Watching The Hen House: Judicial Review Of Judicial Rulemaking, Carrie Leonetti

Carrie Leonetti

Courts regularly engage in rulemaking of questionable constitutionality, then exercise the exclusive jurisdiction of judicial review to rule on constitutional challenges to the rules that they themselves have promulgated, obfuscating the appearance of impartiality and accountability and preventing the unsophisticated from realizing that a benefit has been conferred on a more sophisticated faction.

Quasi-legislative judicial rulemaking that has resulted from Congressional delegations of rulemaking authority to the courts is increasingly prevalent in the past half century, the result of which is a multi-tiered system of consultation, review, and revision that depends heavily upon nonlegislative actors and a Balkanization of the …

Watching The Hen House: Judicial Review Of Judicial Rulemaking, Carrie Leonetti

Carrie Leonetti

Courts regularly engage in rulemaking of questionable constitutionality, then exercise the exclusive jurisdiction of judicial review to rule on constitutional challenges to the rules that they themselves have promulgated, obfuscating the appearance of impartiality and accountability and preventing the unsophisticated from realizing that a benefit has been conferred on a more sophisticated faction.

Quasi-legislative judicial rulemaking that has resulted from Congressional delegations of rulemaking authority to the courts is increasingly prevalent in the past half century, the result of which is a multi-tiered system of consultation, review, and revision that depends heavily upon nonlegislative actors and a Balkanization of the …

Watching The Hen House: Judicial Review Of Judicial Rulemaking, Carrie Leonetti

Carrie Leonetti

Courts regularly engage in rulemaking of questionable constitutionality, then exercise the exclusive jurisdiction of judicial review to rule on constitutional challenges to the rules that they themselves have promulgated, obfuscating the appearance of impartiality and accountability and preventing the unsophisticated from realizing that a benefit has been conferred on a more sophisticated faction.

Quasi-legislative judicial rulemaking that has resulted from Congressional delegations of rulemaking authority to the courts is increasingly prevalent in the past half century, the result of which is a multi-tiered system of consultation, review, and revision that depends heavily upon nonlegislative actors and a Balkanization of the …

Watching The Hen House: Judicial Review Of Judicial Rulemaking, Carrie Leonetti

Carrie Leonetti

Courts regularly engage in rulemaking of questionable constitutionality, then exercise the exclusive jurisdiction of judicial review to rule on constitutional challenges to the rules that they themselves have promulgated, obfuscating the appearance of impartiality and accountability and preventing the unsophisticated from realizing that a benefit has been conferred on a more sophisticated faction.

Quasi-legislative judicial rulemaking that has resulted from Congressional delegations of rulemaking authority to the courts is increasingly prevalent in the past half century, the result of which is a multi-tiered system of consultation, review, and revision that depends heavily upon nonlegislative actors and a Balkanization of the …

Watching The Hen House: Judicial Review Of Judicial Rulemaking, Carrie Leonetti

Carrie Leonetti

Courts regularly engage in rulemaking of questionable constitutionality, then exercise the exclusive jurisdiction of judicial review to rule on constitutional challenges to the rules that they themselves have promulgated, obfuscating the appearance of impartiality and accountability and preventing the unsophisticated from realizing that a benefit has been conferred on a more sophisticated faction.

Quasi-legislative judicial rulemaking that has resulted from Congressional delegations of rulemaking authority to the courts is increasingly prevalent in the past half century, the result of which is a multi-tiered system of consultation, review, and revision that depends heavily upon nonlegislative actors and a Balkanization of the …

Watching The Hen House: Judicial Review Of Judicial Rulemaking, Carrie Leonetti

Carrie Leonetti

Courts regularly engage in rulemaking of questionable constitutionality, then exercise the exclusive jurisdiction of judicial review to rule on constitutional challenges to the rules that they themselves have promulgated, obfuscating the appearance of impartiality and accountability and preventing the unsophisticated from realizing that a benefit has been conferred on a more sophisticated faction.

Quasi-legislative judicial rulemaking that has resulted from Congressional delegations of rulemaking authority to the courts is increasingly prevalent in the past half century, the result of which is a multi-tiered system of consultation, review, and revision that depends heavily upon nonlegislative actors and a Balkanization of the …

Watching The Hen House: Judicial Review Of Judicial Rulemaking, Carrie Leonetti

Carrie Leonetti

Courts regularly engage in rulemaking of questionable constitutionality, then exercise the exclusive jurisdiction of judicial review to rule on constitutional challenges to the rules that they themselves have promulgated, obfuscating the appearance of impartiality and accountability and preventing the unsophisticated from realizing that a benefit has been conferred on a more sophisticated faction.

Quasi-legislative judicial rulemaking that has resulted from Congressional delegations of rulemaking authority to the courts is increasingly prevalent in the past half century, the result of which is a multi-tiered system of consultation, review, and revision that depends heavily upon nonlegislative actors and a Balkanization of the …

Watching The Hen House: Judicial Review Of Judicial Rulemaking, Carrie Leonetti

Carrie Leonetti

Courts regularly engage in rulemaking of questionable constitutionality, then exercise the exclusive jurisdiction of judicial review to rule on constitutional challenges to the rules that they themselves have promulgated, obfuscating the appearance of impartiality and accountability and preventing the unsophisticated from realizing that a benefit has been conferred on a more sophisticated faction.

Quasi-legislative judicial rulemaking that has resulted from Congressional delegations of rulemaking authority to the courts is increasingly prevalent in the past half century, the result of which is a multi-tiered system of consultation, review, and revision that depends heavily upon nonlegislative actors and a Balkanization of the …

Watching The Hen House: Judicial Review Of Judicial Rulemaking, Carrie Leonetti

Carrie Leonetti

Courts regularly engage in rulemaking of questionable constitutionality, then exercise the exclusive jurisdiction of judicial review to rule on constitutional challenges to the rules that they themselves have promulgated, obfuscating the appearance of impartiality and accountability and preventing the unsophisticated from realizing that a benefit has been conferred on a more sophisticated faction.

Quasi-legislative judicial rulemaking that has resulted from Congressional delegations of rulemaking authority to the courts is increasingly prevalent in the past half century, the result of which is a multi-tiered system of consultation, review, and revision that depends heavily upon nonlegislative actors and a Balkanization of the …

Watching The Hen House: Judicial Review Of Judicial Rulemaking, Carrie Leonetti

Carrie Leonetti

Courts regularly engage in rulemaking of questionable constitutionality, then exercise the exclusive jurisdiction of judicial review to rule on constitutional challenges to the rules that they themselves have promulgated, obfuscating the appearance of impartiality and accountability and preventing the unsophisticated from realizing that a benefit has been conferred on a more sophisticated faction.

Quasi-legislative judicial rulemaking that has resulted from Congressional delegations of rulemaking authority to the courts is increasingly prevalent in the past half century, the result of which is a multi-tiered system of consultation, review, and revision that depends heavily upon nonlegislative actors and a Balkanization of the …

What's Wrong With Forum Shopping? An Attempt To Identify And Assess The Real Issues Of A Controversial Practice, Markus A. Petsche

markus a petsche

In this article, I revisit the question posed by Professors Juenger and Maloy in earlier contributions: what is wrong with (international) forum shopping? Despite doctrinal efforts to determine the origins and effects of forum shopping, the desirability of this practice remains a highly controversial topic. In this article, I show that the adverse impact of forum shopping is limited and that existing policies addressing forum shopping (including the doctrine of forum non conveniens) should thus be reevaluated in light of this finding. First, I identify the criteria by which the potentially detrimental impact of forum shopping (or rather forum selection) …

A Critique Of The Doctrine Of Forum Non Conveniens, Markus A. Petsche

markus a petsche

In this article, I formulate a basic critique of the doctrine of forum non conveniens. Unlike other authors, I do not focus on the numerous problems posed by the actual application of this doctrine in practice (e.g. delaying effect on proceedings, incoherent decisions, and discrimination against foreign plaintiffs). Instead, I explore the validity of the theory of forum non conveniens, i.e. the question of whether forum non conveniens – if applied in the best possible manner – can at all be a useful legal rule. My starting point is the observation that, despite the prevalence of contrary views, forum non …

What Should Guide Determinations Of Foreign Official Immunity In Us Courts After Samantar?, Chris C. Morley

Chris C Morley

In the recent Samantar decision, the Supreme Court held that individual foreign officials were not covered by the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act but might still be covered by common law immunity. This article analyzes the extent of that common law immunity and discusses whether more recent developments in domestic and international human rights law should impact the availability of immunity for officials accused of torture, extra-judicial killings, and other violations of the law of nations.

Although the bulk of authority from US and foreign courts suggests that foreign officials should enjoy immunity for acts committed within the scope of their …

Tradizioni Di Giustizia E Stato Di Diritto Vol. I Religioni, Giurisdizione, Pluralismo, Giancarlo Anello

giancarlo anello

Cultural diversity requires new forms of legal equality and traditions of justice are the main keys of understanding the demands of recognition that rise from the cultural communities in Europe. In the opening section, the book deals with the issue of epistemic links between law, religion and cultures. The following two parts develop a rigorous analysis of the religious traditions of justice by an interdisciplinary approach to comparative law and anthropology, reconstructing the matrix of meaning, the distinctive processes and the legal projections, in historical contexts characterized by the encounter (or the clash) of religious communities within their own cultural …

Canned For Medical Cannabis: Terminating Employees For Lawful, At-Home Use Of Medical Cannabis For Palliative Care Amounts To Disability Discrimination And Chills Their Liberty Interest To Pain Relief, Elizabeth M. Votra

Elizabeth M Votra

Although qualified California citizens may lawfully use medical cannabis, there are no protective regulations in the employment arena for those who are medical cannabis patients. Upon examination of the California Supreme Court case Ross v. RagingWire Telecommunications (medical cannabis patients cannot succeed on grounds of wrongful termination claims when fired for their at-home use of medical cannabis) and the United States Supreme Court case Washington v. Glucksberg (deeply rooted liberty interests in pain relief qualify for protection), I show that there is a disconnect between what the voters clearly wanted-as described in the Compassionate Use Act-and the current state of …

United States V. Arizona: The Support Our Law Enforcement And Neighborhoods Act Is Preempted And Discriminatory, Melissa D. Goolsarran

Melissa D Goolsarran

In this paper I argue that S.B. 1070 should be not be upheld for two reasons. First, in ways that will be explicated below, S.B. 1070 directly conflicts with federal immigration law; thus it is preempted according to the Supremacy Clause of the Constitution. Second, the law is unconstitutional because it allows for discrimination by police officers on the basis of race or national origin. This Note contends that the Ninth Circuit correctly affirmed the decision of the lower court to find S.B. 1070 preempted by federal immigration law; however the Ninth Circuit should have also found that S.B. 1070 …

The Reality Of Eu-Conformity Review In France, Juscelino F. Colares

Juscelino F. Colares

French High Courts embraced review of national legislation for conformity with EU law in different stages and following distinct approaches to EU law supremacy. This article tests whether adherence to different views on EU law supremacy has resulted in different levels of EU directive enforcement by the French High Courts. After introducing the complex French systems of statutory, treaty and constitutional review, this study explains how EU-conformity review emerged among these systems and provides an empirical analysis refuting the anecdotal view that different EU supremacy theories produce substantial differences in conformity adjudication outcomes. These Courts' uniformly high rates of EU …

We The People: The Consent Of The Governed In The 21st Century: The People’S Unalienable Right To Make Law., George A. Nation Iii

George A Nation III

My article argues in favor of federal direct democracy. Congress should recognize and facilitate the People’s right to make law via the tools of direct democracy (the initiative and referendum) at the federal level. Arguably, the national People already have this right though they have never used it. What is needed is the establishment of a clear process for the People to follow when exercising this right.

In the United States today the consent of the governed, on which the strength of our democracy depends, is weaker and more diluted than it needs to be or than it should be. …

Economic Evolution, Jurisdictional Revolution, Dustin Buehler

Dustin Buehler

In June 2011, the Supreme Court issued its first personal jurisdiction decision in two decades. In J. McIntyre Machinery, Ltd. v. Nicastro, the Court considered whether the placement of a product in the “stream of commerce” subjects a nonresident manufacturer to personal jurisdiction in states where the product is distributed. The Court issued a fractured opinion with no majority rule, with some justices expressing reluctance to “refashion basic jurisdictional rules” without additional information on “modern-day consequences.” This Article explores the consequences of these rules by providing the first law-and-economics analysis of personal jurisdiction. A descriptive analysis initially demonstrates that jurisdictional …

Cyberlaw 2.0, Jacqueline Lipton

Jacqueline D Lipton

In the early days of the Internet, Judge Frank Easterbrook famously dismissed the idea of an emerging field of cyberspace law as akin to a “law of the horse”— a pastiche of unrelated legal principles tied together only by virtue of applying to the Internet, having no unifying principles that would teach us anything meaningful. This article revisits Easterbrook’s assertions with the benefit of hindsight. It suggests that subsequent case law and legislative developments in fact do support a distinct cyberlaw field. It introduces the novel argument that cyberlaw is a global “law of the intermediated information exchange.” In other …

Fragmentation And Coherence In International Law, Joel P. Trachtman

Joel P Trachtman

With the increasing scope and density of international law, we will observe increasing instances of fragmentation. Fragmentation is not necessarily a problem, insofar as there may be no need for coordination among different legal regimes. But where it does raise issues of conflict, or presents opportunities for synergy, it is useful to inquire whether fragmentation might be managed in a way that would reduce inefficient conflict, or harvest synergies. The existing formal system for management, provided in the VCLT, is quite limited in its response, and the outcomes that it produces would not necessarily be substantively satisfactory. This article reviews …

What Were They Thinking: Competing Culpability Standards For Punishing Threats Made To The President, Craig M. Principe

Craig M Principe

This article revisits the Fourth Circuit‘s holding in United States v. Patillo, 431 F.2d 293 (4th Cir. 1970) (panel), reh’g granted, 438 F.2d 13 (1971) (en banc). Although that decision is almost forty years old, it still remains a source of contention and confusion in the law of threats. It is widely cited as creating a subjective ―present intent‖ requirement for 18 U.S.C. § 871(a) (threats against the president)—a standard that has only been recognized by the Fourth Circuit and stands in stark contrast to the objective Roy/Ragansky Test adopted by virtually all other circuits. Indeed, judges and commentators have …

Demystifying The Determination Of Foreign Law In U.S. Courts: Opening The Door To A Greater Global Understanding, Matthew J. Wilson

Matthew J. Wilson

With globalization and the proliferation of international commercial interaction, U.S. courts commonly encounter issues governed by the laws of other sovereigns. These encounters arise by virtue of private agreements or choice-of-law rules covering contractual relationships, cross-border conduct, tortuous acts, employment matters, intellectual property rights, and various other legal foundations. Because the substantive law applied in an international lawsuit can be outcome-determinative, it is important to accurately ascertain and determine the relevant law. In fact, the proper functioning of private international law in a domestic system is based on the appropriate application of law.

U.S. federal and state courts are presumed …

The Economic Espionage Act: Is The Law All Bark And No Bite, Nathaniel J. Minott

Nathaniel J Minott

The Economic Espionage Act suffers from an insurmountable enforcement problem and is thus unlikely to ever be effective in stemming the tide of economic espionage besieging U.S. corporations. Passed in 1996, the EEA has never enjoyed the sort of government backing that foreign espionage agencies targeting the U.S. have received from their governments. That is because from day one, the individual lawyers who would actually use the EEA have been reluctant to do so in the face of excessive political pressure, heavy evidentiary burdens, and feeble institutional support. This paper seeks to isolate and explain the manifold issues presented by …

Removing A Garnishment Proceeding To Federal Court May Be Easier Than You Think, Thomas M. Wood

Thomas M Wood

Garnishment proceedings commencing after even a year of litigation between non-diverse parties in state court actions are still removable in most jurisdictions. Two recent district court opinions from Alabama and Mississippi re-affirm this prevailing view. The threshold question these courts have faced is whether the garnishment action is separate and independent, or merely ancillary, to the main civil action against the alleged insured. Here is a typical example:

A sues B in tort. B may seek insurance coverage from C, and C denies coverage for B but does not elect to file a action for declaratory judgment on the coverage …

Standing At The Crossroads: A Review Of The Novel Issues Of Standing At Play In Perry V. Schwarzenegger, Natasha Mennecke

Natasha Mennecke

This piece examines whether the Proponents of Proposition 8 have standing to appeal the district court's decision invalidating the measure. The paper examines the question of federal Article III standing and whether California Law creates a Liberty Interest sufficient for federal standing.

All Your Eggs In One Basket: Why Contract Law Proves Unreliable In Frozen Embryo Adoption Cases, Austin R. Caster

Austin R Caster

This article will show why infertile couples cannot unequivocally rely on good faith, consensual contracts in cases of assisted reproductive technology because the law is so unsettled. Each section will show why, because of alleged public policy implications, contract doctrines or clauses such as (1) the termination of parental rights, (2) the doctrine of waste, and (3) liquidated damages still remain almost completely unreliable in a matter regarding assisted reproductive technology. Though this uncertainty affects infertile couples trying to complete their families through various methods including adoption, surrogacy, in vitro fertilization, and artificial insemination, this article will focus on cases …

Marshall And O'Connor: Categorical First Justices And Their Impact On Federal Indian Law, Richard L. Barnes

richard l barnes

Thurgood Marshall was the first African-American appointed to the United States Supreme Court. Sandra Day O’Connor was the first woman appointed. As firsts in their category their historical role is assured, but their legacy is broader. This Article examines one piece of their legacies: Is it plausible to find some of their character as ‘Firsts’ in their opinions for the Court in Indian cases? Specifically can we find a legacy of categorical pioneering in the Justices’ treatment of American Indians as another category of people underrepresented on the Court?

My working hypothesis was that the sympathy some might expect from …