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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Law
Growth, Land Use, And Planning In Bonner County, Idaho, Danya Rumore, Katherine Daly
Growth, Land Use, And Planning In Bonner County, Idaho, Danya Rumore, Katherine Daly
Environmental Dispute Resolution Program
During the summer and fall of 2016, Environmental Dispute Resolution Program staff conducted in-‐depth confidential interviews with 30 individuals representing a diverse range of stakeholder groups in Bonner County, Idaho. The intent of these interviews was to illuminate the diversity of perspectives, areas of agreement and disagreement, and opportunities and challenges related to growth, land use, and planning in the county. A list of stakeholder groups and jurisdictions represented by interviewees is provided in Appendix A. This report shares the findings from this assessment, which are organized according to: summary of findings; vision and priorities for Bonner County; sources of …
2016 Trying Times: Important Lessons To Be Learned From Recent Federal Tax Cases, Nancy Mclaughlin
2016 Trying Times: Important Lessons To Be Learned From Recent Federal Tax Cases, Nancy Mclaughlin
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
Since 2005, the courts have collectively issued more than 80 opinions involving challenges to deductions claimed under IRC § 170(h) with regard to conservation and facade easement donations. This outline provides a brief history of developments in the deduction context, discusses the practical implications of the recent court decisions, and offers advice on how to file a tax return package to minimize the risk of audit. It also briefly notes various other important issues, such as the IRS's focus on valuation and syndicated deals, quid pro quo, and reserved development rights.
Perspectives On The Meaning Of "Disability", Leslie Francis, Anita Silvers
Perspectives On The Meaning Of "Disability", Leslie Francis, Anita Silvers
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
The meaning of “disability” has shifted with changes in public policy. Half a century ago, Congress was convinced that narrow determinations of disability are easy for physicians to make. But with the advent of universal civil rights protection against disability discrimination in the US, deciding whether particular individuals are disabled became increasingly contentious, until Congress intervened. What should now be addressed in each case is not whether the functionally compromised person is severely disabled enough to exercise a right, but whether mitigating interventions and reasonable accommodations can together achieve equitable access for that person.
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Law Enforcement: An Empirical Review, Christopher L. Peterson
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Law Enforcement: An Empirical Review, Christopher L. Peterson
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
In the aftermath of the U.S. financial crisis, Congress created a new federal agency — the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) — with the goal of fashioning a more just and efficient American consumer finance market. The CFPB now serves as the U.S. Government’s primary regulator and civil law enforcement agency governing consumer lending, payment systems, debt collection, and other consumer financial services. In its first four years of enforcing federal consumer protection laws, the CFPB has announced over a hundred different law enforcement cases forcing banks and other financial companies to relinquish over $11 billion in customer refunds, forgiven …
Conservation Easements And The Valuation Conundrum, Nancy Mclaughlin
Conservation Easements And The Valuation Conundrum, Nancy Mclaughlin
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
For more than fifty years, taxpayers have been able to claim a federal charitable income tax deduction under Internal Revenue Code § 170(h) for the donation of a conservation easement or a façade easement. For just as long, the deduction has been subject to abuse, including valuation abuse. Dismayed by the expenditure of significant judicial and administrative resources to combat abuse in the easement donation context, the Treasury Department recently proposed reforms, including reforms to address valuation abuse. The reforms were proposed in somewhat of an analytical vacuum, however, because there has been no comprehensive analysis of the easement valuation …
Reproductive Rights And Access To Reproductive Services For Women With Disabilities, Anita Silvers, Leslie Francis, Brittany Badesch
Reproductive Rights And Access To Reproductive Services For Women With Disabilities, Anita Silvers, Leslie Francis, Brittany Badesch
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
Are women with disabilities owed equitable access to reproductive health services, including family planning, contraception, screening for sexually transmitted infections, maternal health services, and fertility services? Or are there circumstances in which disability is a reason to deny access to such services? Conversely, should women with certain disabilities have access to procedures such as caesarean section or sterilization? May these procedures be recommended just because a woman has a disability or imposed on her if she appears reluctant or unable to consent?
Justice And Research On Controlled Substances With Hivc Persons, Leslie Francis, John Francis
Justice And Research On Controlled Substances With Hivc Persons, Leslie Francis, John Francis
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
Andreae and colleagues (2016) argue in defense of research involving the use of controlled substances for pain and other symptom control in HIVC patients by raising and defusing selected ethical and legal concerns about this research. While we do not dispute the importance of the research, we are concerned that their discussion construes the research and concomitant issues it raises too narrowly, particularly with respect to data use and confidentiality. In this brief comment, we note and briefly explore five additional issues about data collection and use with HIVC populations that, we believe, are critical to building a case for …
Nepa—Substantive Effectiveness Under A Procedural Mandate: Assessment Of Oil And Gas Eiss In The Mountain West, John C. Ruple, Mark Capone
Nepa—Substantive Effectiveness Under A Procedural Mandate: Assessment Of Oil And Gas Eiss In The Mountain West, John C. Ruple, Mark Capone
Wallace Stegner Center for Land, Resources, and the Environment publications
This paper empirically evaluates whether Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) for oil and natural gas field development projects lead to a significant reduction in environmental impacts. Based on our statistical analysis of projects within a four-state region, we conclude that EIS preparation does appear to produce final decisions that are substantially less impactive on the environment when compared to initially proposed projects. Impact reductions occur primarily between the Draft EIS and Final EIS, with minor reductions occurring between the Final EIS and Record of Decision. While reductions may be partially attributable to other legal requirements (such as Clean Air Act, Clean …
Still Not Equal: A Report From The Red States, Clifford Rosky
Still Not Equal: A Report From The Red States, Clifford Rosky
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
This chapter considers how the LGBT movement might pursue legal equality — alongside lived equality — now that same-sex couples enjoy the freedom to marry across the United States. In particular, it focuses on the passage of antidiscrimination laws in swing states and red states. While this objective may sound familiar — perhaps even passé — the political dynamics and strategic dilemmas that it presents are unprecedented. As one activist admits, the challenges now facing LGBT people in swing states and red states are “unlike anything we’ve faced before.” The chapter begins by explaining why the LGBT movement is likely …
Let Them In: Family Presence During Intensive Care Unit Procedures, Leslie P. Francis, Sarah J. Beesley, Ramona O. Hopkins, Diane Chapman, Joclynn Johnson, Nathanael Johnson, Samuel M. Brown
Let Them In: Family Presence During Intensive Care Unit Procedures, Leslie P. Francis, Sarah J. Beesley, Ramona O. Hopkins, Diane Chapman, Joclynn Johnson, Nathanael Johnson, Samuel M. Brown
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
Families have for decades advocated for full access to intensive care units (ICUs) and meaningful partnership with clinicians, resulting in gradual improvements in family access and collaboration with ICU clinicians. Despite such advances, family members in adult ICUs are still commonly asked to leave the patient’s room during invasive bedside procedures, regardless of whether the patient would prefer family to be present. Physicians may be resistant to having family members at the bedside due to concerns about trainee education, medicolegal implications, possible effects on the technical quality of procedures due to distractions, and procedural sterility. Limited evidence from parallel settings …
Understanding Validity In Empirical Legal Research: The Case For Methodological Pluralism In Assessing The Impact Of Science In Court, Teneille R. Brown, James Tabery, Lisa G. Aspinwall
Understanding Validity In Empirical Legal Research: The Case For Methodological Pluralism In Assessing The Impact Of Science In Court, Teneille R. Brown, James Tabery, Lisa G. Aspinwall
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
What makes a study valid or invalid? In 2013, the Hastings Law Journal published a law review article by law professor Deborah Denno entitled What Real-World Cases Tell Us About Genetic Evidence. This article questioned the validity of an article that we published in Science: The Double Edged-Sword: Does Biomechanism Increase or Decrease Judges’ Sentencing of Psychopaths? Denno’s trenchant critique focused on our use of experimental, rather than archival, methodology, and revealed a misunderstanding of the diverse goals of empirical legal research. One study, which in our case investigated the impact of biological explanations of criminal behavior on sentencing, is …
Applied Ethics: A Misnomer For A Field?, Leslie Francis
Applied Ethics: A Misnomer For A Field?, Leslie Francis
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
You may have guessed that I’m a pragmatist, methodologically. To that, I plead guilty; I think ethics could learn a great deal from the pragmatist tradition. And one of the most important things it could learn is to object to artificial separations between “ethics” and its “application.”
Indians, Race, And Criminal Jurisdiction In Indian Country, Alexander Tallchief Skibine
Indians, Race, And Criminal Jurisdiction In Indian Country, Alexander Tallchief Skibine
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
With the possible exception of the Indian Major Crimes Act, the classification of “Indian” for the purposes of the ICCA and the Duro Fix is not “racial” even if it includes non-enrolled people of Indian ancestry with significant connections to tribal communities. Furthermore, although the first prong of the Rogers test should be eliminated on policy grounds, the holding of the Zepeda court that the first prong could be satisfied by proof of blood quantum from any Indian tribe, recognized or not, is highly suspicious, seems to be arbitrary, and boosts the argument that the classification of “Indian” in such …
Role-Play Simulations For Climate Change Adaptation Education And Engagement, Danya Rumore, Todd Schenk, Lawrence Susskind
Role-Play Simulations For Climate Change Adaptation Education And Engagement, Danya Rumore, Todd Schenk, Lawrence Susskind
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
In order to effectively adapt to climate change, public officials and other stakeholders need to rapidly enhance their understanding of local risks and ability to collaboratively and adaptively respond. We argue that science-based role-play simulation exercises, a type of ‘serious game’ involving face-to-face mock decision-making, have considerable potential as education and engagement tools for enhancing readiness to adapt. Prior research suggests role-play simulations and other serious games can foster public learning and encourage collective action in public policy-making contexts. However, the effectiveness of such exercises in the context of climate change adaptation education and engagement has heretofore been underexplored. We …
Trump University And Presidential Impeachment, Christopher L. Peterson
Trump University And Presidential Impeachment, Christopher L. Peterson
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
Donald J. Trump (“Trump”), the Republican Party’s 2016 nominee for President of the United States, currently faces three lawsuits accusing him of fraud, false advertising, and racketeering. These ongoing cases focus on a series of wealth seminars Trump called “Trump University” which collected over $40 million from consumers seeking to learn Trump’s real estate investing strategies. Although these consumer protection cases are civil proceedings, the underlying legal elements in several counts plaintiffs seek to prove run parallel to the legal elements of serious crimes under both state and federal law. Somehow in the cacophony of the 2016 presidential campaign, no …
Same-Sex Marriage Litigation And Children's Right To Be Queer, Clifford Rosky
Same-Sex Marriage Litigation And Children's Right To Be Queer, Clifford Rosky
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
This essay examines how lawyers and judges have framed the question of children’s queerness in litigation over samesex marriage. First, it argues that in United States v. Windsor and Obergefell v. Hodges, the US Supreme Court invoked the tropes of dignity, injury, and immutability to set the outer limits of sexual liberty for both children and adults. Next, the essay looks back to the early work of queer theorists, legal scholars, and lawyers to unearth a more promising vision of law’s relationship to children’s queerness. By juxtaposing how two judges approached the possibility of the gay child in Utah and …
Scrutinizing Immutability: Research On Sexual Orientation And U.S. Legal Advocacy For Sexual Minorities, Clifford Rosky, Lisa M. Diamond
Scrutinizing Immutability: Research On Sexual Orientation And U.S. Legal Advocacy For Sexual Minorities, Clifford Rosky, Lisa M. Diamond
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
We review scientific research and legal authorities to argue that the immutability of sexual orientation should no longer be invoked as a foundation for the rights of individuals with same-sex attractions and relationships (i.e., sexual minorities). On the basis of scientific research as well as U.S. legal rulings regarding lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) rights, we make three claims: First, arguments based on the immutability of sexual orientation are unscientific, given what we now know from longitudinal, population-based studies of naturally occurring changes in the same-sex attractions of some individuals over time. Second, arguments based on the immutability of sexual …
Drinking From A Firehose: Conversation Analysis Of Consultations In A Brief Advice Clinic, Linda F. Smith
Drinking From A Firehose: Conversation Analysis Of Consultations In A Brief Advice Clinic, Linda F. Smith
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
This article concerns the important issues of access to justice and practical lawyering skills. Clients are representing themselves in family law matters in ever increasing numbers. Courts, bar groups, nonprofits and law schools have responded by offering “brief advice” clinics. How well these clinics operate can significantly influence the public’s access to justice. This article analyses actual consultations in a brief advice clinic relying upon transcriptions of recordings and using conversation analysis techniques. This analysis demonstrates that the matters brought to the clinic are not “simple” ones where legal representation is not needed. These clients are facing serious problems from …