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Full-Text Articles in Law

Teacher Shortages And The Fundamental Right To Education In California, Chris Yarrell Apr 2023

Teacher Shortages And The Fundamental Right To Education In California, Chris Yarrell

Pepperdine Law Review

That a qualified teacher workforce functions as the most important factor affecting student learning and achievement is beyond dispute. Yet, the right to education—which is a state obligation codified within all fifty 50 state constitutions—has been vindicated largely within the province of school finance litigation. Indeed, for nearly five decades, education litigants have brought school finance disputes in virtually every state, succeeding in more than half of them. Despite the hard-won victories notched by education litigants over this time, however, courts adjudicating school finance disputes have largely failed to move beyond declaring simple proscriptions on facially unequal school funding regimes. …


Second Amendment Sanctuaries: Defiance, Discretion, And Race, Nicholas J. Johnson Jan 2023

Second Amendment Sanctuaries: Defiance, Discretion, And Race, Nicholas J. Johnson

Pepperdine Law Review

Second Amendment Sanctuaries deploy nonenforcement policies and strategies in defiance of firearms laws of superior jurisdictions. The scholarship so far has focused on whether Second Amendment Sanctuary policies are legally enforceable. This Article advances the scholarship beyond questions of de jure validity by examining the potential for practical, de facto efficacy of Second Amendment Sanctuary policies. This Article concludes that even where Second Amendment Sanctuaries have weak claims to formal validity, defiant public officials still have broad opportunities to implement Second Amendment Sanctuary policies through the exercise of enforcement discretion. The conclusion that enforcement discretion can effectuate sanctuary policies is …


The United States Of California: Ninth Circuit Tips The Dormant Commerce Clause Scales In Favor Of The Golden State's Animal Welfare Legislation, Tanner Hendershot Mar 2022

The United States Of California: Ninth Circuit Tips The Dormant Commerce Clause Scales In Favor Of The Golden State's Animal Welfare Legislation, Tanner Hendershot

Pepperdine Law Review

In November 2018, California voters overwhelmingly passed Proposition 12, the Prevention of Cruelty to Farm Animals Act. This law requires in-state and out-of-state farmers to provide additional living space for egg-laying hens, breeding pigs, and calves raised for veal by 2022 if the farmers wish to continue doing business within the state. In response, North American Meat Institute (NAMI), whose members account for approximately 95% of the country’s output of various meat products, filed a lawsuit in federal district court seeking a preliminary injunction against Proposition 12’s enforcement. NAMI contended Proposition 12 violated the Dormant Commerce Clause, a legal doctrine …


Following The Yellow Burning Road To Oz: The Social And Economic Impact Of Opportunity Zones And Their Potential Expansion In California Amid Wildfires, Nicole Motamed Jan 2022

Following The Yellow Burning Road To Oz: The Social And Economic Impact Of Opportunity Zones And Their Potential Expansion In California Amid Wildfires, Nicole Motamed

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

This article will discuss the economic backdrop against which legislation was enacted to spur economic development in distressed areas, focusing on the creation of the Opportunity Zones program established by Congress in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The first half of the article will provide an in-depth analysis of the Opportunity Zone incentive and consider its procedures and implications, including the tax benefits of the program and the necessary criteria to be qualified for its benefits. It will also present both the negative and positive impacts that have surfaced since the program’s inception and which have in …


A Burning Question: Sparking Federal Protection Of Inmate Firefighters Through California’S Conservation Camp Program, Zachary T. Remijas Sep 2021

A Burning Question: Sparking Federal Protection Of Inmate Firefighters Through California’S Conservation Camp Program, Zachary T. Remijas

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

The mounting demand for inmate firefighters in response to increased disaster relief has made such individuals an indispensable resource to the State of California. As a result, state agencies in charge of administering inmate firefighters’ services must give renewed attention to expanding efforts to protect the inmates’ livelihood both before and after a participating inmate’s release. This Comment provides an overview of California inmates undertaking prison labor as volunteer firefighters under the Conservation Camp Program. The Comment further critiques the nonreciprocal approach taken towards inmate firefighting resources, while advocating for a more intentional rehabilitationist approach that implores the California Department …


California: A New Golden Hub Of International Commercial Arbitration?, Tiffany Luu Jul 2020

California: A New Golden Hub Of International Commercial Arbitration?, Tiffany Luu

Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal

This article will explore 2018 SB 766’s impact on International Commercial Arbitration (ICA) within California and will propose initiatives to help California ascend in the list as a preferred seat of ICA. Part II provides the background context of ICA and its use in California. Part III explores the benefits of increasing the use of ICAs seated in California. Part IV suggests ways lawyers and the legal arbitration community can assist in making California a more attractive seat of ICA among international and domestic jurisdictions. Finally, Part V concludes by describing the effect that SB 766 and proposed initiatives will …


The California Cannabis Industry: The Complexities Since Recreational Legalization, Talia Lux May 2020

The California Cannabis Industry: The Complexities Since Recreational Legalization, Talia Lux

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

This comment will first provide a look into the history and legality of cannabis in the United States, followed by a look into California’s cannabis industry. There will be a discussion on both medical and recreational legality in California and the provisions surrounding both types of legality. Next, the complexities of the cannabis industries will be discussed in terms of opening and operating a cannabis business, the different cannabis business types and the requirements for starting them, and state and local limitations. Immediately following, there will be a federal illegality discussion and how federal illegality conflicts with California law in …


Beauty Shouldn’T Cause Pain: A Makeover Proposal For The Fda’S Cosmetics Regulation, Lauren Jacobs Nov 2019

Beauty Shouldn’T Cause Pain: A Makeover Proposal For The Fda’S Cosmetics Regulation, Lauren Jacobs

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

The American cosmetics industry is not required by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to conduct pre-market safety assessments of cosmetics. The FDA only reviews personal care products when people voluntarily report problems. Further, companies continue to test animals for cosmetics, despite the FDA’s recommendation that manufacturers seek more humane and accurate testing. Although the FDA does not require animal testing for product safety or premarket approval, the United States is one of the largest users of laboratory animals for product testing. There are two pending pieces of legislation, which if passed would be the first acts of cosmetic regulation …


Protecting The Little Guys: How To Prevent The California Supreme Court’S New “Abc” Test From Stunting Cash-Strapped Startups, Braden Seibert Oct 2019

Protecting The Little Guys: How To Prevent The California Supreme Court’S New “Abc” Test From Stunting Cash-Strapped Startups, Braden Seibert

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

California startups and independent contractors are in desperate need of a lifeline before they are gone for good. This state has long favored the employee over the employer, but the California Supreme Court’s new “ABC” test tips the scales even further by making it practically impossible for startups to compensate their workers. As a remedy, I propose exemptions to the test for sophisticated contractors who do not need the state’s protection, certified owners who have demonstrated fair play, and small businesses which are still in the developmental stages. Though the Court based its decision largely on a policy of protecting …


Houston, We Have An Arbitration: International Arbitration’S Role In Resolving Commercial Aerospace Disputes, Carson W. Bennett May 2019

Houston, We Have An Arbitration: International Arbitration’S Role In Resolving Commercial Aerospace Disputes, Carson W. Bennett

Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal

This article explores the complimentary nature between the burgeoning private aerospace industry and international arbitration, as well as detailing how it could be advantageous to resolve these aerospace disputes in California. Part II outlines the new space race. It begins with the Ansari XPrize and follows some of the industry’s most significant developments. Part III explores the benefits of arbitration and how the characteristics of international arbitral proceedings cater to the common concerns of aerospace companies. Part IV catalogues the initiatives arbitral institutions have taken to customize an arbitration for aerospace disputes. This article argues that a specialized institution could …


Default License Revocation In California Administrative Law, Jacob Reinhardt Mar 2018

Default License Revocation In California Administrative Law, Jacob Reinhardt

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

No abstract provided.


Uber Hitches A Ride With Arbitration: How Pro-Arbitration Attitudes And Uber Will Prevail In California And The Ninth Circuit, Neil Eddington Oct 2017

Uber Hitches A Ride With Arbitration: How Pro-Arbitration Attitudes And Uber Will Prevail In California And The Ninth Circuit, Neil Eddington

Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal

Part I of this article will introduce Uber and describe how the sharing economy functions. This section will explain Uber’s current conflict with their drivers regarding arbitration agreements and why the stakes are so high. Part II will explore the FAA—its history, original legislative intent and purpose—in order to provide a baseline from which to contrast its current broad application. Part III will highlight Supreme Court jurisprudence on arbitration to illustrate how the FAA is now expansively interpreted contrary to its original limited scope. This Part will culminate in an examination of the Concepcion and American Express majority and dissenting …


Mediator Or Judge?: California’S Mandatory Mediation Statute In Child Custody Disputes, Sofya Perelshteyn Oct 2017

Mediator Or Judge?: California’S Mandatory Mediation Statute In Child Custody Disputes, Sofya Perelshteyn

Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal

This article will argue that mandatory mediation offers important benefits, including lightening the overloaded court system and capitalizing on the flexibility and personalization of mediation in certain kinds of disputes. This article will also discuss how allowing the mediator to provide recommendations to the judge after unsuccessful negotiations can shatter the basic tenets of mediation and create an altogether different process for the dispute. Furthermore, it will argue that California’s mandatory mediation statute creates a system more akin to litigation, since the parties are presenting their case to a mediator who wears the hat of both mediator and judge. In …


Sticks And Stones May Break My Bones, But Words Will Always Hurt Me: Why California Should Expand The Admissibility Of Prior Acts Of Child Abuse, Lindsay Gochnour Mar 2016

Sticks And Stones May Break My Bones, But Words Will Always Hurt Me: Why California Should Expand The Admissibility Of Prior Acts Of Child Abuse, Lindsay Gochnour

Pepperdine Law Review

This Comment seeks to explore the effect that the admissibility of prior bad acts evidence would have on child maltreatment cases and the benefits that would be afforded to child abuse victims if they were provided the same legal protections as victims of other crimes. This Comment argues that expanding the California Evidence Code to allow the admission of prior acts of psychological and emotional child maltreatment would make great progress for the protection of child abuse victims and the prosecution of their (often losing) cases.


Judicial Treatment Of California’S Anti-Deficiency Legislation Section 580b: Is It Effective?, Cole F. Morgan May 2015

Judicial Treatment Of California’S Anti-Deficiency Legislation Section 580b: Is It Effective?, Cole F. Morgan

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

Short sales of real property represent approximately a quarter of all homeowner transactions. Recently, short sales passed foreclosures as the preferred method in home sales due to the ease of sale. Coker v. JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., has ruled lenders of a purchase-money mortgage may not pursue a deficiency judgment after the short sale of a home. Essentially, this means after the sale is completed and the lender has obtained the proceeds from the sale, if there is a deficiency, they may not personally hold the borrower liable for the remaining debt of the mortgage. The ruling was established …


Blurred Lines Or Bright Line? Addressing The Demand For Sex Trafficking Under California Law, Rachel N. Busick May 2015

Blurred Lines Or Bright Line? Addressing The Demand For Sex Trafficking Under California Law, Rachel N. Busick

Pepperdine Law Review

Like the Thirteenth Amendment, which made slavery punishable by law, additional statutes that protect victims and punish those involved in sex trafficking are needed in the United States to abolish modern-day slavery. This Comment focuses specifically on California's laws relating to sex trafficking for two reasons. First, California's laws fail to adequately address the demand for sex trafficking. Second, California has a unique relationship to pornography, which is intrinsically linked to sex trafficking. Part II explains the definition and realities of sex trafficking with a special focus on buyers creating demand for sex trafficking. Part III discusses the current state …


More Burden Than Benefit? Analysis Of The Benefit Corporation Movement In California, Sarah Thornsberry Nov 2014

More Burden Than Benefit? Analysis Of The Benefit Corporation Movement In California, Sarah Thornsberry

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

The benefit corporation movement has been associated with the separate camps of social entrepreneurship, nonprofit organizations, and for-profit corporations, while trying to establish itself as a community of businesses that pursue not only profit, but also environmental and social good. This article examines the legal attributes of benefit corporation legislation and articulates why incorporating as a benefit corporation can be an excellent business decision. Lastly, the article looks at how the movement can further expand in California.


California Year In Review: 2013 Special Education Alj Decisions, Ruth Colker Jun 2014

California Year In Review: 2013 Special Education Alj Decisions, Ruth Colker

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

This article reviews 74 special education cases decided by California ALJs between January 1, 2013 and December 11, 2013. The author concludes that the ALJs provided stingy relief even when students prevailed, there was often unsuccessful litigation on behalf of a student following the termination of a consent decree or court order, many of the cases reflected negative attitudes towards the mothers of the student, and school districts often preferred more restrictive placements than the parent/student. Not surprisingly, students faced very unfavorable outcomes when they were not represented by a lawyer.


Treading Water: Can Municipal Efforts To Condemn Underwater Mortgages Prevail?, Michael S. Moskowitz Apr 2014

Treading Water: Can Municipal Efforts To Condemn Underwater Mortgages Prevail?, Michael S. Moskowitz

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.


Preserving Home Rule: The Text, Purpose, And Political Theory Of California’S Municipal Affairs Clause, Brett A. Stroud Apr 2014

Preserving Home Rule: The Text, Purpose, And Political Theory Of California’S Municipal Affairs Clause, Brett A. Stroud

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.


Drug Induced Insanity And Unconsciousness - A Clarification Of California Law, Jerome Bleiweis May 2013

Drug Induced Insanity And Unconsciousness - A Clarification Of California Law, Jerome Bleiweis

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.


Steed V. Imperial Airlines, Clay Plotkin May 2013

Steed V. Imperial Airlines, Clay Plotkin

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Defense Of Entrapment In Administrative Proceedings, Jan Mark Dudman May 2013

The Defense Of Entrapment In Administrative Proceedings, Jan Mark Dudman

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.


To Get A Diploma Or To Get Welfare: Duncan's Dilemma, Nina E. West May 2013

To Get A Diploma Or To Get Welfare: Duncan's Dilemma, Nina E. West

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.


Bilingual Welfare Notice Not Required - Guerrero V. Carleson, 9 Cal. 3d 808, 512 P.2d 833, 109 Cal. Rptr. 201 (1973), Mary Beth Diez May 2013

Bilingual Welfare Notice Not Required - Guerrero V. Carleson, 9 Cal. 3d 808, 512 P.2d 833, 109 Cal. Rptr. 201 (1973), Mary Beth Diez

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.


Government Code 800: Reimbursement Of Counsel Fees, Gayle Posner May 2013

Government Code 800: Reimbursement Of Counsel Fees, Gayle Posner

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Constitutional Infirmity Of The California Government Claim Statute, James C. Downing, Nikolai Tehin Jr. May 2013

The Constitutional Infirmity Of The California Government Claim Statute, James C. Downing, Nikolai Tehin Jr.

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.


Debtor's Defense To A Deficiency Judgment Under Ucc , Gail Clifford Hutton May 2013

Debtor's Defense To A Deficiency Judgment Under Ucc , Gail Clifford Hutton

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.


California V. Larue: The Demise Of The “Bottomless” Bar , Doris M. Felman May 2013

California V. Larue: The Demise Of The “Bottomless” Bar , Doris M. Felman

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.


Friends Of Mammoth: Vox Populi Or Judicial Social Engineering , John W. Furness May 2013

Friends Of Mammoth: Vox Populi Or Judicial Social Engineering , John W. Furness

Pepperdine Law Review

No abstract provided.