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Pace University

2003

Articles 1 - 30 of 42

Full-Text Articles in Law

Exacting Tests: Determining When A Taking Is Unconstitutional, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher Dec 2003

Exacting Tests: Determining When A Taking Is Unconstitutional, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

In the past, courts generally deferred to legislatures when determining whether a law constitutes a regulatory taking. However, not all regulations are treated equal, and different tests apply to different types of regulations. Types of land use actions with a lower threshold of constitutionally include exactions, and regulations that apply fixed fee schedules to private landowners. This article combs both federal and New York law to come to the clear determination that universal standards exist for each type of regulation.

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'Saddle Rock': Preemption Of Local Land Use Prerogatives, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher Oct 2003

'Saddle Rock': Preemption Of Local Land Use Prerogatives, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Local municipalities have broad authority to regulate land use as provided in state legislation. Like all higher forms of legislation, state law occasionally preempts local legislatures from enacting laws. Generally preemption is appropriate when the area to be regulated by the local laws is comprehensively regulated by state law, the uniformity of the state law will benefit the localities, and inconsistencies in local law are harmful to land owners and municipalities. This article discusses the pros and cons of state preemption on various types of land use regulation.

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Regulatory Takings: Governments Can Avoid Successful Challenges, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher Aug 2003

Regulatory Takings: Governments Can Avoid Successful Challenges, John R. Nolon, Jessica A. Bacher

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Many local officials have the misguided belief that their utilization of land use regulation is greatly impeded by private rights to develop. However, land use regulations have a strong assumption of validity, with courts unlikely to overturn the regulations unless they are clearly erroneous or unreasonable or have no connection to a valid public interest. In addition to explaining development rights, this article provides the reader with insightful information on how local legislatures enact regulations while avoiding regulatory takings challenges.

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Local Authority: Communities Have Means Of Influencing Land Use, John R. Nolon Jun 2003

Local Authority: Communities Have Means Of Influencing Land Use, John R. Nolon

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This case analysis examines several court decisions, including the results of three New York Court of Appeals cases where litigants challenged the constitutionality of municipal land use decisions. In each case, the court afforded the municipality deference and found that their objectives were rationally related to the decisions, mostly decisions to deny development. However, this presumption of validity given to local legislatures and quasi-judicial agencies presents a problem when land use decisions affect outside municipalities. Thankfully, through the use of training programs, municipalities are learning to work together to resolve intermunicipal land use issues.

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Honorary Degree Citation, Sonia Sotomayor, Doctor Of Laws, May 18, 2003, Pace University School Of Law May 2003

Honorary Degree Citation, Sonia Sotomayor, Doctor Of Laws, May 18, 2003, Pace University School Of Law

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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What Else Can You Do With A Law Degree?, Gary A. Munneke May 2003

What Else Can You Do With A Law Degree?, Gary A. Munneke

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Excerpt from Nonlegal Careers for Lawyers, the latest book in the ABA Career Series.

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Local Land Use: Decision Expands Federal Government's Role, John R. Nolon Apr 2003

Local Land Use: Decision Expands Federal Government's Role, John R. Nolon

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), pursuant to its authority under the Clean Water Act, has promulgated regulations creating the Storm Water Management Program. Contrary to the overall Clean Water Act scheme, which focuses on reducing pollution from point sources, the program has the objective of reducing non-point source water pollution. However, this program is not without controversy as heavy burdens are placed upon local governments, who themselves lack the financial resources, manpower, or technology to implement a complex federal system without federal or state assistance.

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Judges' Bench Memorandum: Fifteenth Annual Pace National Environmental Moot Court Competition, Megan Brillault Apr 2003

Judges' Bench Memorandum: Fifteenth Annual Pace National Environmental Moot Court Competition, Megan Brillault

Pace Environmental Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Brief For The Appellee, Goldthumb Mining Co., Inc.: Fifteenth Annual Pace National Environmental Moot Court Competition, Deborah Dunn, Karolyn Klohe, Shawn Aaron Young Apr 2003

Brief For The Appellee, Goldthumb Mining Co., Inc.: Fifteenth Annual Pace National Environmental Moot Court Competition, Deborah Dunn, Karolyn Klohe, Shawn Aaron Young

Pace Environmental Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Brief For The Appellant/Appellee, State Of New Union: Fifteenth Annual Pace National Environmental Moot Court Competition, Jill Brown, Melanie Kleiss, David Zoll Apr 2003

Brief For The Appellant/Appellee, State Of New Union: Fifteenth Annual Pace National Environmental Moot Court Competition, Jill Brown, Melanie Kleiss, David Zoll

Pace Environmental Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Brief For The Appellant, United States: Fifteenth Annual Pace National Environmental Moot Court Competition, Della Au Belatti, Summer Kupau, Stanton K. Oishi Apr 2003

Brief For The Appellant, United States: Fifteenth Annual Pace National Environmental Moot Court Competition, Della Au Belatti, Summer Kupau, Stanton K. Oishi

Pace Environmental Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Open Meetings: Land Use Mediation And The Public's Right To Know, John R. Nolon Feb 2003

Open Meetings: Land Use Mediation And The Public's Right To Know, John R. Nolon

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Great uncertainty surrounds the New York Open Meetings Law (OML), a law that permits the public to attend meetings of public bodies. Obviously, the OML becomes especially crucial in the area of land use where public governmental meetings are the norm, and conflicts usually involve several interested parties. This article delves into OML issues such as, what constitutes a public meeting, and the importance of having meetings open to the public.

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Economic Suicide: The Collision Of Ethics And Risk In Securities Law, Barbara Black, Jill I. Gross Jan 2003

Economic Suicide: The Collision Of Ethics And Risk In Securities Law, Barbara Black, Jill I. Gross

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The first part of this article looks at whether there are any legal principles derived from regulation or the case law to support an “economic suicide” claim. The second part of the article reviews arbitrators' awards to determine whether arbitrators do, in fact, decide favorably on economic suicide claims. The article also looks at some arbitrators' awards that appear to recognize an economic suicide claim to identify any factors that may lead arbitrators to award damages to the claimant. Finally, in the third part, we address whether policy considerations support an extension of recognized brokers' duties to include a duty …

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Sample Forms, In Estate Planning Law And Taxation, 4th Ed., Bridget J. Crawford Jan 2003

Sample Forms, In Estate Planning Law And Taxation, 4th Ed., Bridget J. Crawford

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Sample estate planning forms.

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Improving Charitable Accountability, James J. Fishman Jan 2003

Improving Charitable Accountability, James J. Fishman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This Article focuses upon a persistent problem of the nonprofit sector--its lack of accountability to the public. Director, officer, and organizational responsibilities will be analyzed. Past and current approaches to secure accountability of charitable assets will be discussed, and a proposal for improving charitable accountability will be suggested through the creation of public-private charity commissions at the state level under the aegis of the attorney general.

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A Response To Russell Pearce, John A. Humbach Jan 2003

A Response To Russell Pearce, John A. Humbach

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

There is not very much to criticize in what Professor Pearce has said about the MacCrate Report. Mostly, therefore, I will just amplify some of the points that I regard as among the most important. Before that, however, I want to mention some quibbles. First, I have always been bothered a bit when people describe the lawyer's role as that of a hired gun. The term “hired gun” is (if you'll pardon the expression) loaded. It does not, moreover, correctly capture either the good or the questionable of what lawyers actually try to do when representing their clients. Real hired …

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Misuse Of Scientific Evidence By Prosecutors, Bennett L. Gershman Jan 2003

Misuse Of Scientific Evidence By Prosecutors, Bennett L. Gershman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The prosecutor's misuse of scientific evidence to charge and convict has not been sufficiently examined. Courts and commentators critiquing abuses of scientific evidence in criminal cases rarely focus on the prosecutor's role in the process. Issues typically discussed are the questionable nature of the evidence, the controversial manner in which the evidence was acquired and tested, whether the expert arrived at her conclusions in a scientifically reliable manner, and whether the expert's courtroom testimony was false or misleading. The prosecutor's control over and manipulation of the scientific evidence to shape the fact-finder's evaluation of the facts and to persuade the …

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Golden And Its Emanations: The Surprising Origins Of Smart Growth, John R. Nolon Jan 2003

Golden And Its Emanations: The Surprising Origins Of Smart Growth, John R. Nolon

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This article provides the background for the adoption of the Ramapo ordinance, explains its precocious inventions in some detail, and describes other dramatic local inventions emanating from the Ramapo approach to smart growth. It ends with a reflection on the Quiet Revolution, the continuing disquiet that accompanies the spectacular smart growth inventions of local governments in this country, and modest recommendations for reform. Along the way, the reader will encounter the rebirth of performance zoning, local environmental laws that protect critical environmental resources, a local abandoned property reclamation act, the use of mediation to solve border wars between localities, an …

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The Current Controversy Regarding Tmdls: Contemporary Perspectives "Tmdls And Pollutant Trading", Ann Powers Jan 2003

The Current Controversy Regarding Tmdls: Contemporary Perspectives "Tmdls And Pollutant Trading", Ann Powers

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The article first summarizes CWA requirements relevant to TMDLs and outlines elements of an effective trading program. It then examines the program recently established by the State of Connecticut to allow trading of nitrogen credits among sewage treatment plants on Long Island Sound to achieve an established TMDL, and the CWA issues presented. Finally, it gives a brief comparison to the program being designed for the Chesapeake Bay, for which no TMDL has been established. Current brief descriptive summaries of several often cited programs are appended.

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The Debate Over War Powers, Mark R. Shulman Jan 2003

The Debate Over War Powers, Mark R. Shulman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Patient Advocacy And Termination From Managed Care Organizations: Do State Laws Protecting Health Care Professional Advocacy Make Any Difference?, Linda C. Fentiman Jan 2003

Patient Advocacy And Termination From Managed Care Organizations: Do State Laws Protecting Health Care Professional Advocacy Make Any Difference?, Linda C. Fentiman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This article will explore the history, implementation, and impact of state advocacy protection statutes. The article is in four major parts. The first Part provides an introduction to the concept of advocacy, both as it was understood at common law, and as it is presently interpreted by HCPs and MCOs. The article will also examine the phenomenon of HCPs' “deselection,” that is, the termination or non-renewal of their contracts with MCOs. In this context, the article will highlight the distinction between anecdote and data and emphasize the paucity of hard evidence to support either side's version of the truth about …

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A Response To Thomas Steele, Gary A. Munneke Jan 2003

A Response To Thomas Steele, Gary A. Munneke

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The problem with adjunct professors teaching a course in law practice management is that they really are not in a position to think and write about the big issues, the way that full-time faculty members are; they generally have full-time responsibilities in a law firm. The law practice management field loses something valuable when so many of its teachers are part time. Although these professors bring practical experience to the classroom, they do not contribute in a larger way to the law school curriculum as a whole, or to the literature of the legal profession.

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Opening Remarks, Gary A. Munneke Jan 2003

Opening Remarks, Gary A. Munneke

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Interestingly, there is hardly any scholarship, and very little discussion, about the MacCrate Report outside of the clinical and skills programs in the traditional segments of legal education. I am not a clinician, although in the past I have taught courses in interviewing and counseling, and negotiations. I teach Law Practice Management and Professional Responsibility, which address professional skills and values; but I teach Torts as well, and my Torts colleagues, like teachers in other traditional subjects, really do not focus on these issues very much. So, one of the things I wanted to do with this symposium was to …

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Overlooked Issues In The "Diligent Prosecution" Citizen Suit Preclusion, Jeffrey G. Miller Jan 2003

Overlooked Issues In The "Diligent Prosecution" Citizen Suit Preclusion, Jeffrey G. Miller

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Congress sought to attain full compliance with environmental statutes. It reasoned that multiple enforcers would provide more comprehensive and effective enforcement than one enforcer. Congress therefore empowered the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the states and private citizens as enforcers of the statutes. However, Congress worried that successive actions by multiple enforcers could bring disruption and conflict to enforcement litigation and remedies. It therefore included in the citizen suit provision of each statute a limited, three-element notice, delay, and bar preclusion device to manage successive citizens' enforcement against the violations already subject to government enforcement. The device generally bars citizens from …

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Internet Pharmacies And The Need For A New Federalism: Protecting Consumers While Increasing Access To Prescription Drugs, Linda C. Fentiman Jan 2003

Internet Pharmacies And The Need For A New Federalism: Protecting Consumers While Increasing Access To Prescription Drugs, Linda C. Fentiman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

In this article I will argue that Internet pharmacies pose a significant public health problem, as they raise the classic eternal triangle of health care issues--access, quality, and financing--in a new technological context. Part II describes the phenomena of Internet pharmacies, and Part III reviews the present regulatory scheme. Part IV explains why the current legal framework is inadequate to address the public health and safety problems posed by Internet pharmacies, focusing particularly on the jurisdictional, constitutional, and practical obstacles to effective state oversight of Internet pharmacies. Part V argues that comprehensive federal oversight of Internet prescribing and dispensing is …

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Multijurisdictional Practice Of Law: Recent Developments In The National Debate, Gary A. Munneke Jan 2003

Multijurisdictional Practice Of Law: Recent Developments In The National Debate, Gary A. Munneke

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This Article will explore the development of multijurisdictional practice in the United States and abroad. Part III will discuss the positions taken by various participants in the current debate on multijurisdictional practice. Part IV will examine the actions of the American Bar Association House of Delegates in August 2002 and the implications of those actions for lawyers. Part V will conclude that MJP reform is critical to the future of the legal profession in the United States as a fundamental tool for American business to remain competitive in the globalized marketplace for goods and services.

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Is Citizen Suit Notice Jurisdictional And Why Does It Matter?, Karl S. Coplan Jan 2003

Is Citizen Suit Notice Jurisdictional And Why Does It Matter?, Karl S. Coplan

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The question of whether notice is jurisdictional or not has important ramifications for citizen suit litigation. The characterization of the notice requirement as “jurisdictional” implicates the proper procedure for raising notice objections, the means of curing notice defects, the question of waiver of notice objections, and the timing of raising notice objections. This article will conduct a brief review of the case law concerning the jurisdictional nature (or not) of the notice requirement, a consideration of the as-yet unnoticed impact of Steel Co. on the issue, and a discussion of the procedural and litigation ramifications of characterizing the notice element …

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The Takings Clause And The Separation Of Powers: An Essay, John A. Humbach Jan 2003

The Takings Clause And The Separation Of Powers: An Essay, John A. Humbach

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The most fundamental environmental problem is this: across our nation there are literally hundreds of millions of acres of important natural resource lands-- farms, forests, wetlands, reservoir watersheds, shore lands, endangered species habitat--lands that have relatively little commercial value in their present natural condition, but which would have much greater commercial value if their natural values were degraded or destroyed. Stated differently, private property often will yield a much greater profit to its owner if it is used in ways that will harm or obliterate important environmental assets and values. For this reason, private owners are understandably tempted to supplant …

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Dying Twice: Incarceration On Death Row, Michael B. Mushlin Jan 2003

Dying Twice: Incarceration On Death Row, Michael B. Mushlin

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Dying Twice is an important report. The work is a collaboration between the Corrections Committee of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York, which I chaired, and the Committee on Capital Punishment of the Association chaired by Norman Greene. The working group that researched and wrote the report was drawn from members of both committees. The attorneys and the physician who served on the committee are wonderful, talented, dedicated people. It was a pleasure to work with professionals of this caliber on such an important effort. Dying Twice was endorsed as the position of the Association …

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Overlooked Danger: The Security And Rights Implications Of Hindu Nationalism In India, Smita Narula Jan 2003

Overlooked Danger: The Security And Rights Implications Of Hindu Nationalism In India, Smita Narula

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This Article will examine the rise of Hindu nationalism in India and provide an overview of its already devastating consequences. In February and March 2002, over 2000 people were killed in state-supported violence against Muslims in the western state of Gujarat, led by the Hindu nationalist BJP that also heads a coalition government at the center. The attacks were carried out with impunity by members of the BJP, the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (“RSS,” National Volunteer Corps), the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (“VHP,” World Hindu Council), and the Bajrang Dal (the militant youth wing of the VHP). Collectively, these groups are known …

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