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Full-Text Articles in Law
Trade War, Ppe, And Race, Ernesto A. Hernandez-Lopez
Trade War, Ppe, And Race, Ernesto A. Hernandez-Lopez
Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy
Tariffs on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as face masks and gloves, weaken the American response to COVID. The United States has exacerbated PPE shortages with Section 301 tariffs on these goods, part of a trade war with China. This has a disparate impact felt by minority communities because of a series of health inequity harms. COVID’s racial disparity appears in virus exposure, virus susceptibility, and COVID treatments. This Article makes legal, policy, and race-and-health arguments. Congress has delegated to the United States Trade Representative expansive authority to increase tariffs. This has made PPE supplies casualties of the trade war. …
The Role Of Consensus In Gatt/Wto Decision-Making, Mary E. Footer
The Role Of Consensus In Gatt/Wto Decision-Making, Mary E. Footer
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business
The most striking aspect of the new World Trade Organization (WTO)' is the extent to which it preserves and consolidates the body of law and practice which has evolved out of the development of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)2 and related instru- ments. Such preservation and consolidation is deliberate as the pre- amble to the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization (Marrakesh Agreement) makes clear.3 The mechanism chosen for the transition from the GAT-T to the WTO was designed to provide a degree of continuity, stability and thereby predictability in the multilateral trading system. Its occurrence …
Current Administration Of U.S. Antidumping And Countervailing Duty Laws: Implications For Prospective U.S.-Mexico Free Trade Talks, Stephen J. Powell, Craig R. Giesse, Craig L. Jackson
Current Administration Of U.S. Antidumping And Countervailing Duty Laws: Implications For Prospective U.S.-Mexico Free Trade Talks, Stephen J. Powell, Craig R. Giesse, Craig L. Jackson
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business
U.S.-Mexico trade relations are changing at a rapid pace. In 1985, the United States and Mexico entered into a bilateral trade agreement that seeks to eliminate the subsidization of manufactured products. One year later, Mexico became a signatory to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (the "GATT"), the multilateral accord that governs world trade in manufactured and agricultural products. In 1987, the two countries entered into a framework agreement that establishes a consultative mechanism designed to resolve bilateral trade disputes involving such issues as intellectual property protection, direct foreign investment, and trade in goods and services.
Trade Protectionism And Environmental Regulations: The New Nontariff Barriers, C. Ford Runge
Trade Protectionism And Environmental Regulations: The New Nontariff Barriers, C. Ford Runge
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business
This article reviews some economic and legal aspects of the growing role of environmental, health, and safety regulations operating as disguised barriers to trade. While this has always been a recognized problem in trade policy, the issue has gained new force as environmental policies move to the forefront of many national agendas. Because environmental standards have a growing national constituency, they are especially attractive candidates for disguised protectionism. International distinctions in the tolerable level of environmental risks are created because the weight attached to environmental standards tends to vary with the income levels of different countries. Incentives are created to …
Changing Patterns Of Protectionism: The Fall In Tariffs And The Rise In Non-Tariff Barriers Symposium: The Political Economy Of International Trade Law And Policy , Edward John Ray
Changing Patterns Of Protectionism: The Fall In Tariffs And The Rise In Non-Tariff Barriers Symposium: The Political Economy Of International Trade Law And Policy , Edward John Ray
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business
The model constructed in this Article explains how the efforts of special interest groups within a nation interact with its domestic political and foreign policy objectives to influence the nation's overall structure of trade regulations. Section II of the Article, therefore, begins by providing a simple analytical framework which can help to explain the evolution of both the pattern and the level of protectionism in the United States and other countries.2 Section III of the Article reviews the history of United States trade policy and summarizes the current economic and political climate for protectionist legislation in the United States. The …