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Unctad Code Of Conduct For Liner Conferences: Trade Milestone Or Millstone--Time Will Soon Tell, The Perspectives, Leslie Kanuk
Unctad Code Of Conduct For Liner Conferences: Trade Milestone Or Millstone--Time Will Soon Tell, The Perspectives, Leslie Kanuk
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business
A careful examination of the Code itself reveals it to be a poorly drafted, internally contradictory and ambiguous document-open to va- rying interpretations of form and substance-which implicitly requires an elaborately complex regulatory mechanism to assure that its cargo- sharing provisions are adhered to by Codist signatories. The Code may also prove to be the proverbial camel's nose under the tent. It purports, as its title implies, to be a code of conduct for liner conferences. How- ever, various informed interpretations of the Code, and premature unilat- eral efforts by some nations to implement the Code, indicate that non-conference carriers …
Deregulation Of The Liner Conference System: The Creation Of Countervailing Power In Shippers As A Means To Control Oligopoly Market Power, Andrew M. Danas
Deregulation Of The Liner Conference System: The Creation Of Countervailing Power In Shippers As A Means To Control Oligopoly Market Power, Andrew M. Danas
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business
The United States liner industry, both in its competitive rate struc- ture and in the competitiveness of United States based flag companies, has been declining for at least the past decade. This decline has prompted policymakers to propose that the United States liner confer- ence system be deregulated. Generally, two themes underlie these pro- posals: an elimination or weakening and streamlining of the regulatory powers of the Federal Maritime Commission (the United States is one of the few nations with a regulatory agency exclusively devoted to regulat- ing the conference system), and a strengthening of the conferences' anti- trust immunity. …