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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Law
The Path Of Most Resistance: The Long Road Toward Gender Equity In Intercollegiate Athletics, Deborah Brake, Elizabeth Catlin
The Path Of Most Resistance: The Long Road Toward Gender Equity In Intercollegiate Athletics, Deborah Brake, Elizabeth Catlin
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
While sports have long played an important role in educating boys and young men in leadership, physical fitness and competitive skills, only recent- ly have girls and young women had the chance to benefit from athletic opportunities. Over two decades of experience with a federal statute pro- hibiting sex discrimination in school sports programs have brought important successes in opening doors for female athletes. However, enforcement of equal opportunity in this area has encountered strong resistance from the athletic establishment, which has fought efforts to equalize resources and opportunities for young women. Heightened enforcement of equal athletic opportunity in the …
An End To The Odyssey: Equal Athletic Opportunities For Women, Jeffrey H. Orleans
An End To The Odyssey: Equal Athletic Opportunities For Women, Jeffrey H. Orleans
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
I. Preface Princess and maids delighted in that feast; then, putting off their veils, they ran and passed a ball to a rhythmic beat. 1 So Homer, c. 800 B.C., sings of Princess Nausikaa before she befriends Odysseus near a stream on the island of Skheria. Homer's adventurer ac- cepts his royal rescuer's "game of her own" without surprise. Three millen- nia later, many American colleges are still unsure how men and women can have as equal a chance to "pass a ball" against other colleges as to parse the epic of Odysseus and Penelope in their classrooms. Title IX …
Still On The Sidelines: Developing The Non-Discrimination Paradigm Under Title Ix, Brian A. Snow, William E. Thro
Still On The Sidelines: Developing The Non-Discrimination Paradigm Under Title Ix, Brian A. Snow, William E. Thro
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
I. Introduction Despite the promises of equal opportunity for women signalled by the passage of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (Title IX), 1 little progress in the creditable realization of this goal occurred in intercollegiate or interscholastic athletics between 1972 and 1992. 2 This lack of progress was unfortunate. 3 In many ways, most women were still on the sidelines. However, recent judicial decisions have allowed many, but certainly not all, women to leave the sidelines and enter the playing fields as equals. By virtue of three landmark cases, Cohen v. Brown, 4 Roberts v. Colorado State …
The Concept Of Substantial Proportionality In Title Ix Athletics Cases, Mary W. Gray
The Concept Of Substantial Proportionality In Title Ix Athletics Cases, Mary W. Gray
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
I. Introduction In the past several years, four federal court decisions interpreting Title IX 1 have sent tremors through the collegiate athletic establishment. 2 In all of these cases, the courts found the universities to have failed to provide effec- tive accommodation for the athletic interests and abilities of their women students, as required by the regulations issued pursuant to Title IX. 3 Al- though the regulations state that such accommodation is only one of the factors to be considered in determining compliance with Title IX, it was because of deficiencies in this area that courts found the institutions in …
Media Coverage Of The Post Title Ix Female Athlete: A Feminist Analysis Of Sport, Gender, And Power, Mary Jo Kane
Media Coverage Of The Post Title Ix Female Athlete: A Feminist Analysis Of Sport, Gender, And Power, Mary Jo Kane
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
I. Introduction Sport is one of the most important institutions in American culture. This certainly is demonstrated by the vast resources spent on sport-related enter- prises. With respect to discretionary spending alone, billions of dollars are spent annually on the sale of licensed sport products (e.g., baseball caps). In 1992, retail sales of all licensed sport merchandise totaled $ 12.2 billion. 1 In the early 1990s, the top four men's professional sport leagues (football, bas- ketball, baseball, and ice hockey) generated almost $ 4 billion in revenues. 2 Most recently, Anheuser-Busch announced that they had signed a $ 40 million …
Can Gender Equity Find A Place In Commercialized College Sports?, John C. Weistart
Can Gender Equity Find A Place In Commercialized College Sports?, John C. Weistart
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
The premise of Title IX should be uncontroversial: no person may be ex- cluded from the benefits of an educational program on the basis of gender. 1 There is a sense in which Title IX, at the time of its adoption more than twenty years ago, simply captured what was an independent societal norm of considerable force. Women were participating in higher education, including graduate and professional education, in increasing numbers and were properly claiming a right to equal opportunities. Sexual harassment was, and is, a per- sistent problem and some disciplines have changed only slowly. 2 The prevailing perception, …