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Articles 1 - 30 of 42
Full-Text Articles in Law
Dying To Wait: How The Abigail Court Got It Wrong, Juan Joel Tovanche
Dying To Wait: How The Abigail Court Got It Wrong, Juan Joel Tovanche
Journal of Law and Health
At age twenty-one, Abigail Kathleen Burroughs met a fate usually reserved for aged men who have spent much of their lives drinking and smoking. Diagnosed with cancer at nineteen, Abigail battled the squamous cell carcinoma that invaded her body even as she struggled to maintain her characteristic optimism. Abigail struggled with more than her illness, however. In the last years of her life, Abigail and her family also wrestled with Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations that denied her access to medication that could have saved her life. The policy at issue was the FDA's practice of progressive testing, which …
A Moving Bar Approach To Assessing The Admissibility Of Expert Causation Testimony, Aaron Katz
A Moving Bar Approach To Assessing The Admissibility Of Expert Causation Testimony, Aaron Katz
Cleveland State Law Review
This Article argues that the Supreme Court's decisions in Daubert and Joiner imply an approach to the reliability, and hence admissibility, of causation experts that conflicts with the way in which courts traditionally had determined whether to allow the jury to speculate on uncertain causation-in-fact questions. Largely moving past the debate of whether Daubert and Joiner set the admissibility bar too high or low, the Article instead criticizes the decisions on the ground that they suggest that the height of the reliability bar is static and should not be adjusted depending upon the circumstances of the defendant's possibly injurious conduct. …
Voluntary Dismissal In Ohio: A Tale Of An Ancient Procedure In A Modern World, S. Ben Barnes
Voluntary Dismissal In Ohio: A Tale Of An Ancient Procedure In A Modern World, S. Ben Barnes
Cleveland State Law Review
This Note will demonstrate that a modified Federal Rule is the best rule for voluntary dismissal. First, this Note will survey the history of voluntary dismissal and the progression from the common law in England to the current Federal Rule. Second, this Note will discuss the abuses of the rule in Ohio and the need for change. Third, this Note will dissect the Ohio Rule and compare it alongside the Federal Rule. Fourth, this Note will examine possible alternatives. Finally, this Note will propose why a modification of the Federal Rule is the most practical answer to the abuses of …
Hiv Testing In State Correctional Systems, James Lee Pope
Hiv Testing In State Correctional Systems, James Lee Pope
Journal of Law and Health
In recent years, reports have surfaced that the prevalance of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) within U.S. prison systems is three to five times higher than that of the general population. These reports, combined with the release of new HIV testing guidelines by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in 2006, have caused many states to change their laws and policies regarding HIV testing in state correctional facilities. This report briefly discusses some of the issues related to HIV testing within state correctional facilities. This report also discusses the methods of HIV testing currently used in …
The Neglect Of The Umbilical Cord: Ohio's Failure To Adequately Promote Banking Of Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells And The Need For New Legislation, Shannon Folger
Journal of Law and Health
Because current legislation, including OH H.B. 237, is insufficient in that it does not have the potential to significantly increase the number of cord blood donations, it will be necessary to enact legislation that is more demanding. Such legislation should be modeled after current "required request" organ donation laws, which mandate that health professionals actively pursue organ donations by expressly asking the family to consent to donation. Modeled after these laws, better legislation will not only require that state health departments generate information about donation opportunities, but also that health professionals then provide each maternity patient with materials about cord …
Discretion To Follow The Law: The Collision Of Ohio's Nursing Home Bill Of Rights With Ohio's Political Subdivision Tort Liability Act, Peter Traska Elk & Elk Co., Ltd., Katherine Knouff
Discretion To Follow The Law: The Collision Of Ohio's Nursing Home Bill Of Rights With Ohio's Political Subdivision Tort Liability Act, Peter Traska Elk & Elk Co., Ltd., Katherine Knouff
Journal of Law and Health
The Ohio Political Subdivision Tort Liability Act confers general immunity on political subdivisions. Therefore, government owned homes seek to avoid liability by raising the defenses provided by the Ohio Political Subdivision Tort Liability Act, despite the resident's rights under the Nursing Home Bill of Rights. The result is that residents of government owned nursing homes have inferior remedies for the tortious acts of a county home's employees. The disparate treatment meted out to residents of county owned homes opens the Political Subdivision Act to another challenge: equal protection. The law formerly recognized that government actors taking part in the marketplace …
Shifting And Seizing: A Call To Reform Ohio's Outdated Restrictions On Drivers With Epilepsy, Kathryn Kramer
Shifting And Seizing: A Call To Reform Ohio's Outdated Restrictions On Drivers With Epilepsy, Kathryn Kramer
Journal of Law and Health
Presented herein is an analysis of the equity of epilepsy-related driving restrictions and the role that the state of Ohio may assume in the restructuring of such laws. Part two of this paper discusses the medical aspects of seizures and epilepsy, including basic etiology, treatments, and prognoses. Part three of this paper examines the different types of disabilities and the stigma that impacts individuals with epilepsy. Part four reviews the history of licensing and the Ohio Revised Code provisions that govern driving, licensing, and restrictions imposed upon individuals who have experienced seizures. Part five examines the Ohio case law that …
The Deficit Reduction Act Of 2005 - Reducing The Number Of Recipients And Applicants Eligible To Receive Medicaid Benefits, Christal Contini
The Deficit Reduction Act Of 2005 - Reducing The Number Of Recipients And Applicants Eligible To Receive Medicaid Benefits, Christal Contini
Journal of Law and Health
Medically impaired individuals such as George, as well as disaster victims, mentally handicapped persons, homeless persons, and foster children, will be adversely affected by the new citizenship documentation requirements imposed upon the states by the Act. States will also be adversely affected by the increased administrative costs of implementing the Act's requirements. This note asserts that aspects of the citizenship verification requirements treat citizen applicants worse than immigrant applicants, which violates the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment. Amendments should be made to the United States Code and the Code of Federal Regulations to ease the burden on individuals …
Through A Scanner Darkly: The Use Of Fmri As Evidence Of Mens Rea, Teneille Brown, Emily R. Murphy
Through A Scanner Darkly: The Use Of Fmri As Evidence Of Mens Rea, Teneille Brown, Emily R. Murphy
Journal of Law and Health
Tonight we are pleased to host an event exploring fMRI and its legal significance. Although [neuroimaging] is still an emerging technology, it has proven to be very consequential in at least one situation. In September 2008, the New York Times reported that a court in India allowed the use of brain scan images in a criminal case, which ultimately led to the conviction of an Indian woman accused of poisoning her fiance. To this day, the Indian woman maintains her innocence. Hank Greely, a bioethicist at Stanford Law School and a colleague of our speakers, commented on the verdict, [characterizing …
Reframing The Independence V. Accountability Debate: Defining Judicial Structure In Light Of Judges' Courage And Integrity, David Pimentel
Reframing The Independence V. Accountability Debate: Defining Judicial Structure In Light Of Judges' Courage And Integrity, David Pimentel
Cleveland State Law Review
The perennial debate over striking the right balance between judicial independence and judicial accountability largely misses the mark. The tension between these concepts arises only in the structural sense of the terms, i.e. the conflict lies in the structural approaches traditionally taken to protect independence and to enforce accountability. In actuality, our primary concern should be the judge's own sense of independence and her internal sense of accountability. These more subjective concepts--which may be termed “judicial courage” (for the judge who is willing to act independently) and “judicial integrity” (for the judge who is willing to hold herself accountable)--do not …
Expelling Law Firm Partners, Douglas R. Richmond
Expelling Law Firm Partners, Douglas R. Richmond
Cleveland State Law Review
Law firm partners may be de-equitized or expelled by their firms in good times as well as lean. Such actions appear to be on the upswing. There are, however, relatively few cases on these subjects. The leading case, Holman v. Coie, is dated; the practice of law, at least in large law firms, has changed considerably in the thirty plus years since Holman was decided. Looking ahead, courts must carefully reanalyze the intra-firm duty of good faith and fair dealing. Rather than confining liability to cases of economic predation, courts should review partner de-equitizations and expulsions under either excluder or …
The Need To Prioritize The Affirmative Furthering Of Fair Housing: A Case Statement, Symposium: New Strategies In Fair Housing, James Robert Breymaier
The Need To Prioritize The Affirmative Furthering Of Fair Housing: A Case Statement, Symposium: New Strategies In Fair Housing, James Robert Breymaier
Cleveland State Law Review
The affirmative furthering of fair housing involves racially and economically pro-integrative policies and programs to produce structural changes that expand housing choices and improve individual opportunities.
The Future Of Fair Housing And Fair Credit: From Crisis To Opportunity, Symposium: New Strategies In Fair Housing, John A. Powell, Jason Reece
The Future Of Fair Housing And Fair Credit: From Crisis To Opportunity, Symposium: New Strategies In Fair Housing, John A. Powell, Jason Reece
Cleveland State Law Review
The following paper provides an assessment of the current housing and credit crisis from a racial justice lens. The paper explores how race was interwoven into the current crisis and demonstrates the racialized impacts of the housing and credit crisis. We also explore some of the current challenges facing fair housing in our society, presenting concepts and models of reform to promote true integration with opportunity. We close with a new paradigm for addressing fair housing in the future and utilizing the opportunities presented by this crisis to produce a fair housing opportunity and a just society for all.
Unintended Collateral Consequences: Defining Felony In The Early American Republic , Will Tress
Unintended Collateral Consequences: Defining Felony In The Early American Republic , Will Tress
Cleveland State Law Review
This Article concludes that the new definition of felony adopted in 1829 by the New York revisors reflected their pragmatic approach of choosing a middle path between the common law traditionalists, exemplified by Maryland, and the radical reforms enshrined in Livingston's penal code. Their choice was an expedient one, redefining an outdated term rather than writing it out of the law. Yet underlying their efforts was a belief that punishment was an instrument of moral reformation, a way of returning the convicted felon to the community as a productive citizen. Creating barriers to a convict's reentry into society with continuing …
Arms For Their Defence - An Historical, Legal And Textual Analysis Of The English Right To Have Arms And Whether The Second Amendment Should Be Incorporated In Mcdonald V. City Of Chicago , Patrick J. Charles
Arms For Their Defence - An Historical, Legal And Textual Analysis Of The English Right To Have Arms And Whether The Second Amendment Should Be Incorporated In Mcdonald V. City Of Chicago , Patrick J. Charles
Cleveland State Law Review
This Article analyzes the arguments Individual Rights Scholars have made concerning the right to have arms and their influence on Supreme Court decisions regarding gun control. The author compares these arguments with historical English gun control laws to show that there is a misunderstanding between the idea that gun ownership rights have always been protected by government.
The Demise Of The Law-Finding Jury In America And The Birth Of American Legal Science: History And Its Challenge For Contemporary Society, Jonathon Lahn
Cleveland State Law Review
This paper proceeds in two parts. The first part is devoted to an historical argument that juries in early American legal systems possessed a broad power to decide questions of law, which corresponded to a conception of the law as emerging from, and intimately bound up with, the experiences and beliefs of the members of a given community--a power that was taken from them in a relatively short period of time due to a variety of social pressures, none of which would have been sufficient to cause the change absent the emergence of a new ideology of law as an …
Habeas Corpus Writ Of Liberty, Boumediene And Beyond, Scott J. Shackelford
Habeas Corpus Writ Of Liberty, Boumediene And Beyond, Scott J. Shackelford
Cleveland State Law Review
This book review focuses on Robert Walker's Habeas Corpus Writ of Liberty: English and American Origins and Development.
A Primer On The Need To Continue Monitoring Closely The Transfer Of Social Welfare Risk And Liability Of Employee Benefit Plans, James E. Holloway
A Primer On The Need To Continue Monitoring Closely The Transfer Of Social Welfare Risk And Liability Of Employee Benefit Plans, James E. Holloway
Cleveland State Law Review
This Article examines why federal legislative policy-makers and judicial decision-makers should ascertain the impact of the transfer of risk and liability on furthering welfare and security interests and preserving organizational discretion under ERISA and public policy. Part I explains why business organizations or employers transfer risk and liability to employees and retirees. This transfer occurs where global business outcomes cause social consequences that are driven directly by business decisions responding to new global competition and less American economic standing. Part II explains the need to assess the substantive issues and public policy concerns underlying legislative acts and judicial interpretations limiting …
Aligning Judicial Elections With Our Constitutional Values: The Separation Of Powers, Judicial Free Speech, And Due Process, Jason D. Grimes
Aligning Judicial Elections With Our Constitutional Values: The Separation Of Powers, Judicial Free Speech, And Due Process, Jason D. Grimes
Cleveland State Law Review
This Note consists of five Parts. Part II traces the historical development of state judicial elections from the perspective of the Framers' doctrine of separation of powers. It shows that judicial elections were borne more of historical contingency than constitutional design. Part II then assesses the recent history of elections to the Ohio Supreme Court. It determines that Ohio's judicial elections share two problems with many other states: millions of dollars given to judicial candidates by special interests likely to appear before the court, and candidates' broad freedom of speech to earn the political and financial support of these special …
Physician Peer Review Immunity: Time To Euthanize A Fatally Flawed Policy, Charles R. Koepke M.D.
Physician Peer Review Immunity: Time To Euthanize A Fatally Flawed Policy, Charles R. Koepke M.D.
Journal of Law and Health
Dr. X is a young, charismatic, board-certified surgeon at the local hospital. While popular among her patients and non-surgical colleagues, to the established surgical "Old Guard," she appears somewhat of a threat. Her training in new advanced techniques, coupled with splendid bedside manner, has caused her practice to become quite busy. However, disruption in some well-established referral patterns has occurred, and business has been siphoned away from her older colleagues. . . . This hypothetical - but not uncommonly recurring - fact pattern demonstrates the destruction of a promising medical career, elimination of competition, promotion of status quo cronyism, and …
To Pay Or Not To Pay: Medicare And The Preventable Adverse Event: A Rational Decision Of Dangerous Philosophical Change, Amy J. Chaho M.D.
To Pay Or Not To Pay: Medicare And The Preventable Adverse Event: A Rational Decision Of Dangerous Philosophical Change, Amy J. Chaho M.D.
Journal of Law and Health
The proposed Medicare reimbursement schedule intended to become effective in October 2008 represents a drastic change to the traditional policy of payment for needed services. The proposal mandates that certain preventable adverse events should not be reimbursed. This spending scheme is intended to improve quality while decreasing cost to the Medicare system. The goals of the spending scheme are laudable. Quality improvement, when used to improve the health, safety and general welfare of the intended patient beneficiary of the Medicare program, is a rational and compelling government interest that warrants coercive use of authorized spending power. This beneficial interest may …
Regional Health Information Organizations: Lower Health Care Costs, Fewer Iatrogenic Illnesses, And Improved Care - What Are We Waiting For, Angela Ferneding
Regional Health Information Organizations: Lower Health Care Costs, Fewer Iatrogenic Illnesses, And Improved Care - What Are We Waiting For, Angela Ferneding
Journal of Law and Health
Rising health care costs have a significant impact on our economy, and medical errors pose a meaningful and costly risk to health care consumers. The adoption of information technology, including the implementation of RHIOs (Regional Health Information Organizations) and electronic medical record systems, is critical to addressing these issues. Although President Bush's vision of a NHIN (National Health Information Network)is a positive first step in governmental involvement, Congress must address the biggest challenge health care providers cite in implementing information technology: the lack of funding. The national government must demonstrate its commitment to reducing costs and improving care by committing …
Pregnant Employees, Working Mothers And The Workplace - Legislation, Social Change And Where We Are Today , Thomas H. Barnard, Adrienne L. Rapp
Pregnant Employees, Working Mothers And The Workplace - Legislation, Social Change And Where We Are Today , Thomas H. Barnard, Adrienne L. Rapp
Journal of Law and Health
Accordingly, the focus of this Article is on the legal and social evolution resulting from the Civil Rights Act's prohibition of sex-based discrimination- and, in particular, pregnancy-related discrimination - in the workplace. Section II of this Article details the reluctance with which courts and employers initially extended workplace rights to women. Sections III and IV discuss Title VII's prohibition against "sex" discrimination and initial court hesitation to interpret that prohibition to include employees discriminated against on the basis of pregnancy. Sections V and VI provide an overview of federal and Ohio law granting pregnancy-related rights to women, including the PDA, …
Inconsistent State Court Rulings Concerning Pregnancy-Related Behaviors, Lidia Hoffman, Monica K. Miller
Inconsistent State Court Rulings Concerning Pregnancy-Related Behaviors, Lidia Hoffman, Monica K. Miller
Journal of Law and Health
State courts vary in their willingness to protect pregnant women's rights to self-determination, bodily integrity, privacy, and religious freedom; these rights are sometimes outweighed by fetal rights to live. Different state courts have issued many competing decisions, which emphasizes a lack of unification in this area of law. This inconsistency in the law creates confusion for women concerning the scope of their legal protections and alters women's selection of prenatal care and decision to give birth. Thus, it is important to recognize the prevailing themes and grounds on which courts have rested their opinions. An analysis of these state court …
Germs On A Plane: Legal Protections Afforded To International Air Travelers And Governments In The Event Of A Suspected Or Actual Contagious Passenger And Proposals To Strengthen Them, Alexandra R. Harrington
Germs On A Plane: Legal Protections Afforded To International Air Travelers And Governments In The Event Of A Suspected Or Actual Contagious Passenger And Proposals To Strengthen Them, Alexandra R. Harrington
Journal of Law and Health
This article calls for the creation of an international public health do-not-fly list akin to those used by Interpol and the United States government as a stop-gap measure to ensure that passengers who have been diagnosed with infectious diseases or have been exposed to infectious diseases are unable to travel until it is established that it is medically safe for them to do so. This article has also called for amendments to the IHR and the Vienna Conventions to clarify the rights and obligations of travelers and states in the event of a suspected or established case of infectious disease …
Reverse Pre-Empting The Federal Arbitration Act: Alleviating The Arbitration Crisis In Nursing Homes, Jana Pavlic
Reverse Pre-Empting The Federal Arbitration Act: Alleviating The Arbitration Crisis In Nursing Homes, Jana Pavlic
Journal of Law and Health
In Casarotto, the Supreme Court enunciated that Montana's notice requirement conflicted with the "goals and policies of the FAA." The inequities associated with the process of pre-dispute arbitration agreements in nursing homes, however, confirm that the FAA's "goals and policies"' conflict with "accepted principles of contract law"' in this context. Long standing principles of contract law that predate the FAA, as well as basic human morality, should supersede the interests of efficiency and convenience purportedly served by the general enforceability of the statute. State case law as well as attempted state legislation already evince an underlying public policy to protect …
The Realism Of Judges Past And Present, Brian Z. Tamanaha
The Realism Of Judges Past And Present, Brian Z. Tamanaha
Cleveland State Law Review
This Article has a single objective: to dispel the notion that judges are deceptive or deluded about judging. These unwarranted assumptions about judges distort theoretical and empirical debates about judging. Ordinarily the participants in any activity are presumed to possess valuable insights about the nature of that activity. Owing to the assumption that judges are deluded or dishonest, what they say on the subject of judging is often regarded with skepticism, discounted at the outset.
Use Of Judicial Doctrines In Federal Tax Cases Decided By Trial Courts, 1993-2006: A Quantitative Assessment, Daniel M. Schneider
Use Of Judicial Doctrines In Federal Tax Cases Decided By Trial Courts, 1993-2006: A Quantitative Assessment, Daniel M. Schneider
Cleveland State Law Review
The hypothesis of this Article is that the accepted wisdom--that judicial doctrines are raised exclusively by the government or the courts for the government's benefit--is wrong. Instead, judicial doctrines are used in a much richer manner by courts and by taxpayers, as well as the government, than the “wisdom” would suggest. It is the first paper to question the accepted thought about judicial doctrines and to do so using social science methodology. Starting at the end and working forward, the evidence assembled for this Article from a group of trial decisions about federal tax controversies establishes that, under the language …
No Cracks In The Wall: The Standing Barrier And The Need For Restructuring Animal Protection Laws, Kristen Stuber Snyder
No Cracks In The Wall: The Standing Barrier And The Need For Restructuring Animal Protection Laws, Kristen Stuber Snyder
Cleveland State Law Review
American society's perception of animals has come a long way since the country was founded over 200 years ago. However, the court system has been slow to evolve along with these views, and the standing requirement maintains a barrier for those wishing to enforce protection through litigation. While protective legislation currently exists, it does not provide the necessary means of enforcement to accomplish its objectives. Thus, the enactment of new legislation is necessary to ensure animals in this country exist under decent and humane conditions.
New Strategies For Old Problems: The Fair Housing Act At 40, Symposium: New Strategies In Fair Housing, Jeffrey D. Dillman
New Strategies For Old Problems: The Fair Housing Act At 40, Symposium: New Strategies In Fair Housing, Jeffrey D. Dillman
Cleveland State Law Review
This article discusses the advances in fair housing since 1968 while analyzing the evidence of persistent discrimination and segregation. It looks at past strategies of the enforcement of the FHA by fair housing groups and the education and outreach performed by the groups. Additionally, the author provides commentary on the future of fair housing.