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Full-Text Articles in Law
Miranda, Please Report To The Principal's Office, Meg Penrose
Miranda, Please Report To The Principal's Office, Meg Penrose
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Article addresses whether Miranda v. Arizona should apply to students interrogated by school officials during school hours. First, the article provides a brief overview of the law of minors and confessions. Next, it considers the increasing law enforcement presence on our school campuses and evaluates how this presence affects the role of school officials. Finally, the high level of cooperation between law enforcement and school officials in criminal law enforcement is considered to determine whether Miranda should apply in the principal's office.
You Have A Right To Remain Silent, Michael Avery
You Have A Right To Remain Silent, Michael Avery
Fordham Urban Law Journal
The Supreme Court will decide in the October 2002 term whether there is a cause of action under 42 U.S.C. Section 1983 based on a coercive police interrogation of a suspect in custody who has not been given Miranda warnings. The Supreme Court cannot decide that there is no cause of action under section 1983 for damages caused by coercive interrogation practices without turning its back on a large body of its own jurisprudence and on the deeply rooted cultural and political expectations of American citizens who trust that they have a meaningfu lconstitutionally protected right to remain silent when …
Due Process And Problem Solving Courts, Eric Lane
Due Process And Problem Solving Courts, Eric Lane
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This article addresses the model of the problem-solving courts, beginning with the 1989 Dade County, Florida drug court and the role of the pro-active problem solving judge as presented by Judge Lederman of the Dade County drug court. The article reviews the role of the pro-active problem-solving judge in light of the defendants due process rights. After reviewing several case studies, transcripts, and literature on the issue, the article concludes that problem-solving judging and lawyering need not be in conflict with due process standards.
Does A Marriage Really Need Sex?: A Critical Analysis Of The Gender Restriction On Marriage, Randi E. Frankle
Does A Marriage Really Need Sex?: A Critical Analysis Of The Gender Restriction On Marriage, Randi E. Frankle
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Note discusses the issues surrounding intersex persons and the right to marry. The Comment first discusses the constitutional protection of the right to marry, intersex conditions, and case law regarding intersex, transsexual, and same-sex marriage. It further addresses the consequences for marriage when it is narrowly defined. Further, the Comment proposes an alternative solution to the one many courts have used. This solution allows an intersex person to self-designate her gender and be able to marry either a man or a woman. Finally, this Comment argues that if an intersex person can marry either a man or a woman, …
Due Process And Problem Solving Courts, Eric Lane
Due Process And Problem Solving Courts, Eric Lane
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This article addresses the model of the problem-solving courts, beginning with the 1989 Dade County, Florida drug court and the role of the pro-active problem solving judge as presented by Judge Lederman of the Dade County drug court. The article reviews the role of the pro-active problem-solving judge in light of the defendants due process rights. After reviewing several case studies, transcripts, and literature on the issue, the article concludes that problem-solving judging and lawyering need not be in conflict with due process standards.
Why The New York State System For Obtaining A License To Carry A Concealed Weapon Is Unconstitutional, Suzanne Novak
Why The New York State System For Obtaining A License To Carry A Concealed Weapon Is Unconstitutional, Suzanne Novak
Fordham Urban Law Journal
The New York State administrative system for obtaining a license to carry a concealed weapon violates the state constitution and the tenets of administrative law vital to a democratic society. This article discusses the failures of the New York State administrative procedures for issuing carry licenses. In addition, this article asserts that by avoiding policy determinations, the legislature has created a system that disadvantages both individual applicants and the public at large. This article concludes that both the New York Legislature and courts must act to rectify the state's unconstitutional and undemocratic scheme for issuing carry licenses.
Can Punitive Damages Withstand A Due Process Challenge After Bankers Life & Casualty Co. V. Crenshaw And Browning-Ferris Industries Of Vermont V. Kelco Disposal?, Sanjit S. Shah
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Note will consider whether punitive damages can withstand a constitutional challenge brought under the Due Process Clause of the fourteenth amendment. Part II of the Note examines how courts have resolved procedural due process and traditional vagueness challenges to exemplary damage awards. This section also discusses Justice O'Connor's approach to the vagueness doctrine, and the possibility that substantive due process may affect jury discretion to award punitive damages. Part III discusses why punitive damages do not violate the Due Process Clause. This Note concludes that punitive damages are not unconstitutional on procedural due process, fundamental fairness, or traditional vagueness …
The Trademark Counterfeiting Act Of 1984: A Sensible Legislative Response To The Ills Of Commercial Counterfeiting, Brian J. Kearney
The Trademark Counterfeiting Act Of 1984: A Sensible Legislative Response To The Ills Of Commercial Counterfeiting, Brian J. Kearney
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This student note explores the recently passed Trademark Counterfeit Act of 1984, viewing it in the context of ever-growing counterfeiting of commercial, agricultural, and aeronautical trademarks. The author examines the history of US trademark regulation, beginning with the Lanham Act of 1946, and then predicts the effects the 1984 Act will have on commercial practice, antitrust law, the sale of goods on the "gray market," and due process implications. The author concludes that though ex parte remedies will be necessary to maintain trademark practices, the 1984 Act does not represent any sort of infringement on due process or commercial practice, …
The Right Of Undocumented Aliens Against Their Employers, Floyd G. Cottrell
The Right Of Undocumented Aliens Against Their Employers, Floyd G. Cottrell
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Undocumented aliens who seek to enforce their rights against their employer in state court will often face deportation. An undocumented alien is vulnerable to discriminatory treatment in the workplace, and abusive employment practices, which may often incentivize employers to hire undocumented aliens. This Note exams the legal issues surrounding the employment of undocumented aliens. In particular, the validity of state regulation is examined in light of the rights guaranteed to undocumented aliens under the fourteenth amendment to the United States Constitution, granting due process. The author argues that state welfare benefits should not be denied to undocumented aliens, nor should …
Constitutional Law- Due Process-Denial Of Inspection Of Personal Institutional File Does Not Violate A Parole Applicant's Right Of Due Process In The Second Circuit, Rabun Huff Bistline
Constitutional Law- Due Process-Denial Of Inspection Of Personal Institutional File Does Not Violate A Parole Applicant's Right Of Due Process In The Second Circuit, Rabun Huff Bistline
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Case note regarding the due process rights for parole applicants. In Williams v. Ward, the second circuit reversed the lower court and acknowledged that at the very least, some due process rights are guaranteed but that the disclosure of the parole file is not constitutionally guaranteed.
Administrative Agencies And The Rites Of Due Process: Alternatives To Excessive Litigation, Daniel Lee Feldman
Administrative Agencies And The Rites Of Due Process: Alternatives To Excessive Litigation, Daniel Lee Feldman
Fordham Urban Law Journal
With the growth of courtroom litigation, it has become necessary for congress to look to administrative agencies to act in an adjudicative nature. In expanding the role of administrative agencies for efficiency and economic concerns, it is particularly important to still consider the due process rights of citizens. This article addresses the need to balance the procedural due process rights of individuals with the use of administrative agencies to eliminate or at the very least reduce excessive litigation.
Note: Constitutional Chellanges To New York's Youthful Offender Statute, John M. Tyd
Note: Constitutional Chellanges To New York's Youthful Offender Statute, John M. Tyd
Fordham Urban Law Journal
New York's Youthful Offender Statute has been described as "humane and progressive legislation intended for the benefit of a youth who makes his first mistake and that he should not be branded as a criminal therefor..." In keeping with this philosophy, the statute provides a system whereby a youth (i.e., an individual between the ages of sixteen and eighteen) can avoid the serious consequences which result from being convicted of a crime. Upon determination that youthful offender status should be granted, the conviction is vacated and replaced with a youthful offender finding. Prior to 1975, those youths indicted for crimes …
Infants - Foster Families - Remove Of Foster Children From Foster Homes Without A Prior Hearing Violates Their Constitutional Rights To Procedural Due Process, Andrea G. Iason
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This case note examines the decision of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in Organization of Foster Familines for Equality and Reform v. Dumpson, 418 F. Supp. 277 (S.D.N.Y. 1976), which held that the removal of foster children from foster homes in which they had been living for more than one year, without a prior hearing, violated their constitutional rights to procedural due process. The court reaffirmed the concept that a child is a person under the fourteenth amendment with protected interests, such as the preference to live in a certain home, and that …
Constitutional Law - Zoning Referenda - Mandatory Referenda On All Municipal Land Use Changes Do Not Violate The Due Process Clause, Beatrice Close
Constitutional Law - Zoning Referenda - Mandatory Referenda On All Municipal Land Use Changes Do Not Violate The Due Process Clause, Beatrice Close
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This case note discusses the United States Supreme Court's decision in City of Eastlake v. Forest City Enterprises, Inc., 96 S. Ct. 2358 (1976), which held that a state's decision to allow mandatory referendums on all municipal land use changes does not violate the due process clause. The case note examines the line of cases, such as Eubanks v. Richmond, 226 U.S. 137 (1912) and Washington ex rel. Seattle Trust Co. v. Roberge, 278 U.S. 116 (1928), that establish the principle that standardless delegations of power to impose restrictions on the property rights of others violated the due process clause …
Pre-Trial Detainees Must Be Held Under The Least Restrictive Means Possible To Assure The Detainees' Presence At Trial. Rhem V. Malcolm, 371 F. Supp. 594, Opinion Supplemented, 377 F. Supp. 995 (S.D.N.Y.), Aff'd, 507 F.2d 333 (2d Cir. 1974)., Todd L. Klipp
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Plaintiffs, detainees at the Manhattan House of Detention for Men (MHD), more commonly known as the "Tombs," brought suit for declaratory and injunctive relief against the Commissioner of Corrections of the City of New York, the warden, the mayor, and various state officials. Plaintiffs alleged that the conditions of their detention constituted a denial of their rights under the first, fifth, sixth, eighth, and fourteenth amendments. The United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found unconstitutional conditions did exist and ordered the city to submit a plan within thirty days to remedy the constitutional infirmities. Six …
Administrative Law- Practice And Procedure- Tenants Of A Public Housing Project Must Be Accorded Due Process Protections Before The Promulgation Of An Across-The-Board Rent Increase
Fordham Urban Law Journal
In June 1971, the chairman of the New Rochelle Housing Authority notified all tenants of a new $2.00 per room per month service charge and tenants instituted an action under section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act. The tenants asked the court to declare the charge invalid and enjoin the increase unless the tenants were first accorded a hearing. The US District Court for SDNY granted tenants summary judgment holding they had a due process right to notice and a hearing. The Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit modified this holding they had certain due process rights, their rights …
Civil Rights - Right To Treatment - Neither Due Process Nor Equal Protection Clause Of The Fourteenth Amendment Guarantees The "Right To Treatment" For Mentally Retarded Children Confined In A State Institution Through Noncriminal Procedures
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Civil rights action was brought on behalf of residents at Willowbrook State Hospital by their parents and guardians attacking the conditions and treatment offered violated due process and equal protection. The court refused to extend a right to treatment to patients civilly committed to state hospitals - forestalling an extension of such rights to the retarded. Plaintiffs sought to classify the vast majority of commitments as involuntary despite original admission data mandating due process protection. The court determined that a hearing with procedural safeguards would suffice and in certain situations the court may find the appointment of a guardian at …