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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Law
The Big Chill?: Contextual Judgment After R. V Hamilton, Richard Devlin, Matthew Sherrard
The Big Chill?: Contextual Judgment After R. V Hamilton, Richard Devlin, Matthew Sherrard
Dalhousie Law Journal
The tone and thrust of the Ontario Court ofAppeal's decision in R. v. Hamilton will serve to chill efforts by sentencing judges to tailor their responsibilities to accord with the recognized realities of systemic and intersectional inequality in Canadian society The decision presents an unduly conservative response to the judicial function question, and an understandable, if excessively cautious, answer with regard to the application of systemic, intersectional inequality issues in practice. Specifically, the decision underplays the overall remedial goal of section 718 of the Criminal Code by overemphasizing the particularity of Aboriginal peoples, and ignoring the specificity of especially vulnerable …
Uncovering The Presumption Of Factual Innocence In Canadian Law, Mark Herrema
Uncovering The Presumption Of Factual Innocence In Canadian Law, Mark Herrema
Dalhousie Law Journal
The presumption of innocence has long been regarded as a hallmark of our justice system. Rhetoric abounds and finding a more celebrated legal doctrine is difficult. For most in the legalprofession, the presumption of innocence represents the procedural requirement that the Crown prove all elements of an offence. Yet, aside from its procedural and evidentiary protections, does the presumption of innocence offer any protection at the pre-charge phase of the criminal justice process? Specifically, for the majority of Canadians who have never been, or never will be charged with an offence, does the presumption of innocence offer any protection? Regrettably, …
Law's Ambition And The Reconstruction Of Role Morality In Canada, David M. Tanovich
Law's Ambition And The Reconstruction Of Role Morality In Canada, David M. Tanovich
Dalhousie Law Journal
There is a growing disconnect and alienation between lawyers and the legal profession in Canada. One cause, which is the focus ofthe article, is philosophical in nature. There appears to be a disconnect between the role lawyers want to pursue (i.e., a facilitator of justice) and the role that they perceive the profession demands they play (i.e., a hired gun). The article argues that this perception is a mistaken one. Over the last fifteen years, we have been engaged in a process of role morality reconstruction. Under this reconstructed institutional role, an ethic of client-centred zealous advocacy has slowly begun …
Damages For Mental Distress And Other Intangible Loss In A Commercial Context, Shannon O'Byrne
Damages For Mental Distress And Other Intangible Loss In A Commercial Context, Shannon O'Byrne
Dalhousie Law Journal
As a general rule, contracts law does not permit an award of general damages for mental distress or other intangible loss. There are several rationales for this, including: plaintiffs are to bear their disappointment or upset with mental fortitude; without the rule, courts would be awash in litigation since every breach of contract brings with it some degree of emotional distress; without the rule, plaintiffs may fabricate or exaggerate the degree of their upset; and the rule simply reflects the lack of foreseeability of such loss under Hadley v. Baxendale. Notwithstanding the general rule, courts have awarded mental distress in …
Accountants, Privilege, And The Problem Of Working Papers, Paul Paton
Accountants, Privilege, And The Problem Of Working Papers, Paul Paton
Dalhousie Law Journal
Full and frank disclosure between corporate issuers and their auditors and accounting advisors is critical for maintaining access to the information required for audits and public confidence in the capital markets. While tax authorities in the United States, Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom have the power to make broad requests for working papers, in all four jurisdictions, legislation or administrative practice reflects the determination that the best approach for balancing tax and capital markets requirements is for the revenue authorities to seek working papers only in exceptional circumstances. Additionally, limited forms of privilege for accountants have been recognized …
The One That Got Away: Fishery Reserves In Prince Edward Island, Rusty Bittermann, Margaret E. Mccallum
The One That Got Away: Fishery Reserves In Prince Edward Island, Rusty Bittermann, Margaret E. Mccallum
Dalhousie Law Journal
In 1767, the British government divided Prince Edward Island into sixty-seven townships of about 20,000 acres each, and allocated all but one of these to about one hundred people who had some claim on the Crown's munificence. Subsequently, Island governments complained of their disadvantaged state in comparison with other British North American colonies, which could raise revenue by selling rights to Crown land and resources. Their complaints, although not totally unjustified, did not acknowledge the extensive and valuable lands which the Crown retained as fishery reserves. Most of the township grants reserved rights to the first 500 feet of land …
Spaceship Sheriffs And Cosmonaut Cops, Lee Seshagiri
Spaceship Sheriffs And Cosmonaut Cops, Lee Seshagiri
Dalhousie Law Journal
This paper examines some of the current legal regimes applicable to criminal law in outer space and offers insights into options for future legal developments in the cosmos. It begins by setting out the context for law enforcement in outer space, emphasizing the commercial nature of future space exploration and the need for laws and law enforcement in that environment. Next, various methods for assigning legal jurisdiction in space are examined, and the underlying justifications for the exercise of such jurisdiction are considered. The paper goes on to explore preventative approaches to space crime, highlighting the usefulness of such approaches …
The Property Status Of Fishing Licences, David G. Henley
The Property Status Of Fishing Licences, David G. Henley
Dalhousie Law Journal
The property status of a fishing licence has for a long time been undecided. The judicial decisions have varied significantly on whether a fishing licence is property at common law or pursuant to various statutory definitions. The significance ofthe issue lies primarily in the financial arena. It is most often the case that the preponderance of the value in a fishing enterprise lies with the fishing licence rather than in the vessel. It is not uncommon for a lobster licence to approach one million dollars in value.' When quota is allocated to groundfish licences, the value of the package can …
The Dartmouth Schools Question And The Supreme Court Of Nova Scotia, Robert Nicholas Bérard
The Dartmouth Schools Question And The Supreme Court Of Nova Scotia, Robert Nicholas Bérard
Dalhousie Law Journal
Scholars have often demonstrated that courts in Canada have long been responsive to the political, social, cultural and economic contexts in which they operate. An illustration of the ways in which the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia embodied this role can be found in the Court's handling of a dispute between the Town of Dartmouth and the Roman Catholic Episcopal Corporation of Halifax, often referred to as the "Dartmouth Schools Question" in 1939 and 1940 The case concerned the attempt of the Town of Dartmouth, alone among municipalities in Nova Scotia, to collect local taxes on property used for Catholic …
Maritime Law, George Strathy
Maritime Law, George Strathy
Dalhousie Law Journal
This substantial work. written by three members of the faculty of the Marine and Environmental Law Institute at Dalhousie University, is part of the Irwin Law, Essentials of Canadian Law series. Running to just over 800 pages of text, it covers the waterfront, so to speak, of its subject matter. An indication of the scope of the text is reflected in the division of labour among the three authors. They co-authored an introductory chapter and each took responsibility for writing different chapters of the rest of the book. Edgar Gold, a former ship captain and a Master Mariner, has been …
Imposing Self-Interest: Behavioural Law And Economics, The Ultimatum Game, And Value Possibilities, Michael Ilg
Imposing Self-Interest: Behavioural Law And Economics, The Ultimatum Game, And Value Possibilities, Michael Ilg
Dalhousie Law Journal
With the recent emergence of the behavioural approach to law and economics, there is now a systematic critique of law and economics which remains sympathetic to its overall objectives. Rather than seek to undermine traditional law and economics, the intent of the behavioural approach is generally to augment it, and render its formulations more representative of reality. Drawing upon experimental evidence and well-known examples of anomalies within economic theory, behavioural scholars claim that the law needs to better account for instances of individual irrationality. Having identified the situations when rational maximization does not hold, behavioural scholars are then able to …
Foreign Judgments At Common Law: Rethinking The Enforcement Rules, Tanya J. Monestier
Foreign Judgments At Common Law: Rethinking The Enforcement Rules, Tanya J. Monestier
Dalhousie Law Journal
England and Canada have adopted divergent approaches to the enforcement of foreign civil and commercial judgments. An English court will only enforce a foreign judgment where the defendant submitted to the junsdiction of the foreign court, or was present in the foreign jurisdiction when served with process. This position. while protecting domestic defendants, is outdated and does little to further the objectives underpinning judgment enforcement- Canadian courts, by contrast, have been far more liberal than their English counterparts, enforcing foreign judgments in cases where there is a "real and substantial connection" between the dispute and the judgment forum. While this …
Deciding In The Heat Of The Constitutional Moment Constitutional Meaning And Change In The Quebec Secession Reference, Jonathon W. Penney
Deciding In The Heat Of The Constitutional Moment Constitutional Meaning And Change In The Quebec Secession Reference, Jonathon W. Penney
Dalhousie Law Journal
The Quebec Secession Reference addressed divisive issues with far-reaching implications for the Canadian constitutional order. Recently, commentators have called for a less traditional and more systematic approach to understanding the decision, and its place in the broader scheme of Canadian constitutionalism. Accordingly, this paper challenges the predominant narrative concerning the Quebec Secession Reference, which is largely judge-centred and shows little regard for the important historical, political, and popular forces so crucial to understanding the decision. The challenge is mounted through the work of Yale constitutional scholar Bruce Ackerman and his theory of constitutional moments. This paper uses Ackerman's criteria of …
Tribunals Imitating Courts - Foolish Flattery Or Sound Policy?, David Mullan
Tribunals Imitating Courts - Foolish Flattery Or Sound Policy?, David Mullan
Dalhousie Law Journal
In his 2004 Horace E Read Memorial Lecture, David Mullan assesses the impact of the "due process explosion." To what extent has the evolution of Canadian law (both statutory and common) in the domain of procedural fairness been responsible for the phenomenon of excessive judicialization of the administrative process? Has the increase in the number of decision-makers subject to the obligation of procedural fairness and the growth in the parallels between tribunal and court processes affected adversely the interests of the administrative justice system and the public that it is meant to serve? The author suggests that there is a …
Courts And Constitutional Usurpers Some Lessons From Fiji, Venkat Iyer
Courts And Constitutional Usurpers Some Lessons From Fiji, Venkat Iyer
Dalhousie Law Journal
Much concern and disappointment has been expressed by jurists and human rights campaigners over the inaction ofnational judiciaries in reversing the effects of coups d'etat and other acts which result in the unconstitutional overthrow of democratically constituted governments Against this backdrop, the decisive steps taken b) the superior courts of Fiji to nullify the attempted destabilisation of that country's elected government in May 2000 was a trail-blazing development The author analyses the jurisprudence in this area and explains the implications of the Fijian judgments.
Air Travel, Accidents And Injuries: Why The New Montreal Convention Is Already Outdated, Andrew Field
Air Travel, Accidents And Injuries: Why The New Montreal Convention Is Already Outdated, Andrew Field
Dalhousie Law Journal
The 1999 Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air (the "Montreal Convention") came into force in 2003. It is the latest in a series of attempts to replace a number of variations on the 1929 Warsaw Convention with a single agreement which regulates the rights and liabilities of international air carriers, their passengers and shippers. At the time, the Montreal Convention was hailed as providing better protection and compensation for victims of air accidents. However despite its recent adoption, in relation to claims for death and personal injuries the Montreal Convention is still firmly planted …
Tax Discrimination In The Nafta Bloc: The Impact Of Tax And Trade Agreements On The Cross-Border Trade In Services, Catherine Brown
Tax Discrimination In The Nafta Bloc: The Impact Of Tax And Trade Agreements On The Cross-Border Trade In Services, Catherine Brown
Dalhousie Law Journal
This paper considers the impact of international agreements in disciplining tax discrimination affecting cross-bordertrade in services. It addresses three questions. First, how do tax and trade agreements interact in the discipline of tax measures affecting cross-border service providers? Second, does this interaction result in tax discrimination against foreign service providers in the NAFTA bloc? Third, if so, what remedies, if any, are available to cross-border service providers with respect to tax measures that are discnminatory? The paper concludes with illustrative examples that service providers in the NAFTA bloc, depending on the applicable treaty are subject to differing tax treatments, are …