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Australia's Maritime Challenges And Priorities: Recent Developments And Future Prospects, Robin M. Warner
Australia's Maritime Challenges And Priorities: Recent Developments And Future Prospects, Robin M. Warner
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
Australia, witb its lengthy coastline, vast maritime jurisdiction and multiple offshore territories, undoubtedly fits the description of a maritime nation: but it was not until the issue of Australia's Oceans Policy in 1998 Ihat a comprehensive statement of Australia's maritime challenges and priorities emerged at the Federal Government level. The Oceans Policy arliculated a diverse array of challenges and priorities relating to Australia's maritime interests, including the conservation of marine biological diversity, the maintenance of ecologically sustainable fisheries, the prevention of marine pollution, the development of lhe offshore petroleum and minerals industry, the definition or Australia's maritime juridiction and the …
Australia's Maritime Economic Interests, Andrew Forbes
Australia's Maritime Economic Interests, Andrew Forbes
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
Over the past two decades there has been an increasing lament from Western navies that their countries suffer from ‘sea blindness’. What is meant is that there is an apparent lack of public understanding and appreciation of the importance of the oceans for national prosperity. The concern is that if the importance of the oceans is not understood, then the importance of the multifaceted roles of navies in providing protection will not be understood. Whether or not sea blindness exists, maritime economic interests represented by the oceans are important and are discussed below.
Australian Maritime Defence Council, Andrew Forbes
Australian Maritime Defence Council, Andrew Forbes
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
Navies have had a long relationship with their respective maritime industries and the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) is no exception. Naval capability cannot be built, maintained and supported without a strong industrial sector. This is well known, but there are other aspects to the RAN relationship with the maritime industry that are less well known, and this Semaphore examines the relationship with the shipping and port associations through what is now called the Australian Maritime Defence Council (AMDC). While its discussions are not classified, they are occasionally sensitive, so what follows focuses on administrative issues before providing a general outline …
New Challenges For Maritime Security In The Indian Ocean - An Australian Perspective, Sam Bateman, Anthony Bergin
New Challenges For Maritime Security In The Indian Ocean - An Australian Perspective, Sam Bateman, Anthony Bergin
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
The Indian Ocean region is growing in strategic importance. It is facing the risks of growing strategic competition, particularly between China and India. However, the region tends to be neglected by Australia despite extensive interests in the region and the possibility of threats to Australia’s security emerging from the region, including the risks of intrastate conflict, terrorism, smuggling in all its forms, and illegal fishing. Climate change, sea-level rise and natural disasters are other non-traditional security threats evident in the region. The northwest of Australia is particularly exposed to these challenges to maritime security and requires more attention in Australia’s …
Confronting Maritime Crime In Southeast Asian Waters: Reexamining "Piracy" In The Twenty-First Century, Sam Bateman
Confronting Maritime Crime In Southeast Asian Waters: Reexamining "Piracy" In The Twenty-First Century, Sam Bateman
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
[extract] There is nothing new about maritime crime in Southeast Asia. It has a long history, and the maritime criminals of today are mainly descendants of the marauders, pirates, and bandits of yesteryear. However, changes to the extent and nature of maritime crime have occurred over the years. The decline in fish stocks and loss of access to traditional fishing grounds, along with general economic problems, have led to unemployment and loss of income in coastal villages throughout the region. This has, in turn, forced some villagers to turn to piracy, sea robbery, and other forms of maritime crime. However, …
Regional Maritime Security: Threats And Risk Assessments, Sam Bateman
Regional Maritime Security: Threats And Risk Assessments, Sam Bateman
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
Regional maritime security: The maritime security of Southeast Asia reflects a range of enduring and dynamic factors. Enduring factors are mainly the geography of the region with its complex pattern of archipelagos, islands, bays and gulfs and narrow shipping channels; its heavy dependence on shipping for both domestic and intra-regional trade; and the importance of regional seas and their resources to the well-being of regional peoples. The dynamic factors include sovereignty disputes, the increasing levels and density of shipping traffic in the region, increased exploitation of marine resources, deteriorating fish stocks and marine habitats, growing naval budgets and higher levels …
China's Maritime Strategic Agenda, Christopher Rahman
China's Maritime Strategic Agenda, Christopher Rahman
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
Just what’s China up to at sea? To casual observers, including a burgeoning legion of journalists, commentators and bloggers, China seems set on a path to becoming a major force on the world’s oceans, developing bluewater naval power with which to protect the Chinese state’s expanding economic ties to far-flung corners of the world and project political and even strategic influence. Such observers rightly note the rapid growth in China’s international seaborne trade, its shipping and shipbuilding sectors, and its marine economy and maritime interests in general. China’s naval developments over the past decade have been widely commented on, especially …
Concepts Of Maritime Security: A Strategic Perspective On Alternative Visions For Good Order And Security At Sea, With Policy Implications For New Zealand, Christopher Rahman
Concepts Of Maritime Security: A Strategic Perspective On Alternative Visions For Good Order And Security At Sea, With Policy Implications For New Zealand, Christopher Rahman
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
This project originated as a research report conducted for the Royal Australian Navy’s Sea Power Centre – Australia. Its intent is not to reprise well‐worn ideas of sea power or maritime strategy, but to address conceptually what is meant by the term “maritime security” in the context of contemporary ideas of the meaning of “security” itself. In doing so, I have purposefully delved into some of the often quite dense and sometimes arcane literature and ideas regarding conceptual treatments of security. This is important, because the ideas inherent in different perspectives on maritime security often have an intellectual or political …
Boundaries, Biodiversity, Resources, And Increasing Maritime Activities: Emerging Oceans Governance Challenges For Canada In The Arctic Ocean, Clive H. Schofield, Ian Townsend-Gault, Tavis Potts
Boundaries, Biodiversity, Resources, And Increasing Maritime Activities: Emerging Oceans Governance Challenges For Canada In The Arctic Ocean, Clive H. Schofield, Ian Townsend-Gault, Tavis Potts
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
The Arctic region is undergoing rapid environmental and socioeconomic change. As one of the most rapidly warming places on the planet, the Arctic is experiencing dramatic climate change-related impacts, such as a severe downward trend in sea ice cover. The scientific community projects that this trend could result in a sea ice-free summer by as early as 2020. As conditions warm, the retreat of sea ice is driving an expansion of political and economic activity. Recent world media attention has been focused on the Arctic to an unprecedented extent. Much of the discourse has been devoted to a perceived Arctic …
Blurring The Lines: Maritime Joint Development And The Cooperative Management Of Ocean Resources, Clive H. Schofield
Blurring The Lines: Maritime Joint Development And The Cooperative Management Of Ocean Resources, Clive H. Schofield
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
The first part of the paper examines the significant extension in coastal State jurisdiction offshore and outlines progress in the delimitation of maritime boundaries worldwide. Some of the problems associated with lack of maritime boundary delimitation and the resultant large zones of overlapping maritime claims are then highlighted. Progress in the cooperative management of ocean resources through maritime joint development zones is then reviewed.
The Philippines As An Archipelagic And Maritime Nation: Interests, Challenges, And Perspectives, Mary Ann Palma
The Philippines As An Archipelagic And Maritime Nation: Interests, Challenges, And Perspectives, Mary Ann Palma
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
The geographic nature of the Phillipines as well as its numerous activities in relation to the sea, are integral to the identify of the country and critical in securing its maritime interests.
Joining Forces To Combat Crime In The Maritime Domain: Cooperative Maritime Surveillance And Enforcement In The South Pacific Region, Robin M. Warner
Joining Forces To Combat Crime In The Maritime Domain: Cooperative Maritime Surveillance And Enforcement In The South Pacific Region, Robin M. Warner
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
The South Pacific as a region has far more ocean space than land territory. The majority of small island States in the South Pacific are heavily dependent on the sea for their resources and livelihoods. While militaries in our region have recently been focussed on resolving the civil disorder generated by political unrest on land, in locations such as Bougainville, Solomon Islands and Fiji, navies have also had prevalent maritime law enforcement roles in the region, both advisory and operational, for several decades. Threats to the security of the region from crime in the maritime domain will continue to arise …
The Delimitation Of Maritime Boundaries: A Matter Of Life Or Death For East Timor?, Clive Schofield, I Made Andi Arsana
The Delimitation Of Maritime Boundaries: A Matter Of Life Or Death For East Timor?, Clive Schofield, I Made Andi Arsana
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
As a newly independent country, East Timor is faced with a number of significant challenges and opportunities—including the delimitation of international boundaries. Although it is the case that the majority of maritime boundaries around the world remain undelimited, where they are defined they provide jurisdictional clarity and certainty (Prescott & Schofield 2005:216-18). This can have multifaceted benefits, for instance in terms of facilitating the sustainable and effective management of the ocean environment and enhancing maritime security. Perhaps of more pressing importance for a developing country, agreement on the limits of maritime jurisdiction serves to secure coastal state rights to access …
Assessing The Threat Of Maritime Terrorism: Issues For The Asia-Pacific Region, Sam Bateman
Assessing The Threat Of Maritime Terrorism: Issues For The Asia-Pacific Region, Sam Bateman
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
This article provides a critical assessment of the contemporary threat of maritime terrorism in the Asia-Pacific region. It addresses the operational dimensions of the threat to ships and port infrastructure, and considers the effectiveness of the international and regional measures that have been introduced in recent years to deal with this threat. Based on a proposition that that there has been rather too much emphasis on highly remote and speculative “doomsday” scenarios, the article supports the need for balance and equity in addressing the risks of maritime terrorism. It identifies types of terrorist attack that might be assessed as more …
The Application Of Gis In Maritime Boundary Delimitation: A Case Study On The Indonesia-East Timor Maritime Boundary Delimitation, I Made Andi Arsana, C. Rizos, Clive H. Schofield
The Application Of Gis In Maritime Boundary Delimitation: A Case Study On The Indonesia-East Timor Maritime Boundary Delimitation, I Made Andi Arsana, C. Rizos, Clive H. Schofield
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (East Timor) attained independence on 20 May 2002, marking its separation from Indonesia. As a newly independent country, East Timor is faced with a number of significant international opportunities, together with some obligations that it must fulfil, including the delimitation of its international boundaries. Similarly, for Indonesia, with 10 maritime neighbours, the delimitation of maritime boundaries is a significant challenge. This paper describes a preliminary study on the delimitation of the Indonesia - East Timor maritime boundary, with a focus on technical aspects. Geospatial data has been obtained from the Indonesian government and processed with …
Capacity Building For Maritime Security Cooperation: What Are We Talking About?, Sam Bateman
Capacity Building For Maritime Security Cooperation: What Are We Talking About?, Sam Bateman
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
This paper discusses the notions of "maritime security" and "capacity building" in the context of capacity building for maritime security cooperation in the Asia-Pacific. What constitutes capacity for providing maritime security at the national, sub-regional and regional levels? What capabilities does a country require to ensure its security against maritime threats, including the threat of maritime terrorism and the risk that its maritime transportation system may be used for terrorist purposes? How do all these capabilities fit together to provide security against both conventional and non-conventional threats? Can we put capabilities for conventional (or traditional) security threats into one box …
Cooperative Mechanisms And Maritime Security In Areas Of Overlapping Claims To Maritime Jurisdiction, Clive Schofield
Cooperative Mechanisms And Maritime Security In Areas Of Overlapping Claims To Maritime Jurisdiction, Clive Schofield
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
This chapter outlines progress in the delimitation of maritime boundaries and some of the problems relating to overlapping claims to maritime jurisdiction. It is contended that the incomplete nature of the maritime political map of the world is problematic, in particular because lack of delimitation inevitably equates to jurisdictional uncertainty and this is highly likely to be detrimental to maritime security. Alternatives to maritime boundary delimitation - cooperative mechanisms in areas of overlapping jurisdiction - are then addressed, including their emerging applicability to maritime security issues as well as the Southeast Asian experience.
Maritime Conflict Prevention System: Some Ideas For An Action Plan, Sam Bateman
Maritime Conflict Prevention System: Some Ideas For An Action Plan, Sam Bateman
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
This paper outlines some basic proposals for developing good order at sea. It suggests that the key to promoting cooperation and establishing an effective maritime conflict prevention system lies in developing wider maritime awareness in the region, including a greater appreciation of the complexities and problems of marine environmental management. In effect, this is similar to the need perceived in the U.S. for maritime domain awareness as an essential element of Homeland Security. It recognizes that comprehensive knowledge of what is happening at sea is an essential element of maritime security although at a regional level, this knowledge and understanding …
Maritime Security: A New Environment Following September 11, Sam Bateman
Maritime Security: A New Environment Following September 11, Sam Bateman
Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)
The Asia-Pacific region is distinctly maritime in character. When we centre a globe on the Pacific Ocean, the blue of the ocean almost obscures the littoral landmasses but spin the globe until it is centred on the mid-Atlantic and landmasses then dominate the oceans. Not surprisingly, Atlantic nations tend towards a continental view of security while Asia-Pacific nations have a maritime view. The importance of maritime security to many Asia-Pacific countries is reflected in the size of their merchant shipping fleets, a dependence on seaborne trade, expanding naval forces, and strongly promoted claims to offshore sovereignty and marine resources. Maritime …