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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Law
Healer, Witness, Or Double Agent? Reexamining The Ethics Of Forensic Psychiatry, Matthew U. Scherer
Healer, Witness, Or Double Agent? Reexamining The Ethics Of Forensic Psychiatry, Matthew U. Scherer
Journal of Law and Health
In recent years, psychiatrists have become ever more prevalent in American courtrooms. Consequently, the issue of when the usual rules of medical ethics should apply to forensic psychiatric encounters has taken on increased importance and is a continuing topic of discussion among both legal and medical scholars. A number of approaches to the problem of forensic psychiatric ethics have been proposed, but none adequately addresses the issues that arise when a forensic encounter develops therapeutic characteristics. This article looks to the rules governing the lawyer-client relationship as a model for a new approach to forensic psychiatric ethics. This new model …
Beyond Nuremberg: A Critique Of Informed Consent In Third World Human Subject Research , Jacob Schuman
Beyond Nuremberg: A Critique Of Informed Consent In Third World Human Subject Research , Jacob Schuman
Journal of Law and Health
This Article discusses the history of informed consent, critically analyzes this principle, and suggests an alternative approach to informed consent. Part II explores the concept of informed consent, including its philosophical bases, its implementation through FDA regulations, and current proposals on how to protect the principle in drug testing conducted abroad. Part III performs a critical analysis of the principle of informed consent; first providing an empirical examination of the realities of Third World human subject research, and then questioning both the coherence of an abstract “right” to informed consent, as well as the possibility of truly autonomous “consent” to …
Making Language Access To Health Care Meaningful: The Need For A Federal Health Care Interpreters' Statute, Alvaro Decola
Making Language Access To Health Care Meaningful: The Need For A Federal Health Care Interpreters' Statute, Alvaro Decola
Journal of Law and Health
This Note will argue that there are strong public policy, and legal and equity considerations for Congress to enact a federal statute to address the inadequacies of the current policies and regulations pertaining to language access to health care. The issue has become a significant one throughout the United States, given the influx of LEP (Limited English Proficiency) Americans navigating the health care system. Part II of this writing discusses the existing federal laws dealing with language access and the hurdles faced by LEP individuals in bringing legal action, because of existing case law on the subject. Part II also …
Federally Mandated Informed Consent: Has Government Gone Too Far, Linda P. Mckenzie
Federally Mandated Informed Consent: Has Government Gone Too Far, Linda P. Mckenzie
Journal of Law and Health
Laws mandating disclosure of particular information are known as informed consent laws. They exist primarily in the area of reproductive health and most often apply to women seeking abortion. This article discusses the legal and ethical issues that arise when lawmakers decide what patients must be told before they can access certain medical procedures. Part II examines some of the ethical implications of informed consent laws. Physicians have a duty to obtain a patient's informed consent before acting. Part III discusses legal concerns raised by informed consent laws. These include the First Amendment free speech rights of physicians and patients' …
Biomedical And Behavioral Research On Juvenile Inmates: Uninformed Choices And Coerced Participation, Brian Paul Wyman
Biomedical And Behavioral Research On Juvenile Inmates: Uninformed Choices And Coerced Participation, Brian Paul Wyman
Journal of Law and Health
The question that will be addressed here is whether juvenile inmates can voluntarily give informed consent to participate in biomedical and behavioral research. Further, can juvenile inmates act voluntarily in the midst of coercion used by researchers to persuade the subjects to participate, and coercion that is inherent in the nature of being a juvenile inmate? Can consent be informed when a juvenile inmate's comprehension and understanding of what biomedical and behavioral research entails is limited by age and maturity level? Finally, even if juvenile inmates are deemed capable to give voluntary informed consent to biomedical and behavioral research, is …
Surgery By An Unauthorized Surgeon As A Battery, Thomas Lundmark
Surgery By An Unauthorized Surgeon As A Battery, Thomas Lundmark
Journal of Law and Health
This article examines the policy issues behind the doctrine of informed consent and reviews the decisional law and policies on the topic of ghost surgery. Jury instructions employed in California are also addressed. The author concludes that substitution of surgeons should not automatically prompt liability for a battery. The public policy behind the informed consent doctrine is to favor patients' self-determination over the doctor's paternalism. Imposition of liability for battery in a case where the defendant does not knowingly deviate from the consent is not necessary to effectuate this purpose.
A Doctor's Duty To Disclose Life Expectancy Information To Terminally Ill Patients, Denise Ann Dickerson
A Doctor's Duty To Disclose Life Expectancy Information To Terminally Ill Patients, Denise Ann Dickerson
Cleveland State Law Review
It is the purpose of this Note to review and evaluate the benefits to making full disclosure to a terminally ill patient. It is this author's position that a patient's well-being and dignity dictate that the physician be forthright with all information regarding a patient's diagnosis and the range of treatments available, including both active and passive treatments.
Advancing The Rights Of Children And Adolescents To Be Altruistic: Bone Marrow Donation By Minors, Jennifer K. Robbennolt, Victoria Weisz, Craig M. Lawson
Advancing The Rights Of Children And Adolescents To Be Altruistic: Bone Marrow Donation By Minors, Jennifer K. Robbennolt, Victoria Weisz, Craig M. Lawson
Journal of Law and Health
This article examines the standards used for answering the question of whether minors should be allowed to donate bone marrow. Part II introduces the legal background and the standards currently used by courts. Part III explores the unsatisfactory nature of these standards. Part IV presents an empirical study that is intended to provide some help in understanding what might be a useful and respectful standard. Part V concludes the article with a discussion of two alternative revised standards grounded in the doctrines of substituted judgment and the best interests of the child.
True Protection For Persons With Severe Mental Disabilities, Such As Schizophrenia, Involved As Subjects In Research - A Look And Consideration Of The Protection Of Human Subjects , Anne J. Ryan
Journal of Law and Health
This article begins with an in-depth discussion of the UCLA incident followed by the history of protecting human research subjects and a review of the current law intended to protect research participants. Next, it explains the nature of schizophrenia and discusses the topic of schizophrenia and the informed consent process, explaining why persons with schizophrenia warrant more protection than is currently given, especially in the areas of monitoring and informed consent. This article also examines proposed ideas, from various sources, for better protection of the mentally disabled as research subjects. This article concludes with this writer's proposal as to how …
To Stay At Home: Analysis Of Rights And Recommendations On Procedures For Persons Receiving Mental Health Services In The Community , Janet L. Lowder, Franklin J. Hickman
To Stay At Home: Analysis Of Rights And Recommendations On Procedures For Persons Receiving Mental Health Services In The Community , Janet L. Lowder, Franklin J. Hickman
Journal of Law and Health
Before the pendulum swings back to the use of institutions as the primary treatment modality for persons with severe mental illness, there should be a re-examination of the alternatives available to community care providers to ensure compliance with treatment outside of the hospital. This article will focus on the alternatives available in the Ohio mental health system, which is fundamentally oriented towards community-based treatment, and the effects of this orientation.
Mandatory Hiv Testing Issues In State Newborn Screening Programs, John M. Naber, David R. Johnson
Mandatory Hiv Testing Issues In State Newborn Screening Programs, John M. Naber, David R. Johnson
Journal of Law and Health
The newborn screening model is fairly straightforward. Typically, before the infant is discharged from the hospital (around 24 to 36 hours of age), heel stick blood is placed on special filter paper, dried, and mailed to the state health department for testing. Medical and laboratory research has led to the discovery that other diseases could also be screened in newborns using these dried blood specimens. Currently, all states and the District of Columbia test all newborns for at least PKU and congenital hypothyroidism. There are generally five criteria to satisfy before a disease is considered appropriate for newborn screening: 1. …
Compelled Medical Procedures Involving Minors And Incompetents And Misapplication Of The Substituted Judgment Doctrine, Lynn E. Lebit
Compelled Medical Procedures Involving Minors And Incompetents And Misapplication Of The Substituted Judgment Doctrine, Lynn E. Lebit
Journal of Law and Health
In many cases, courts have incorrectly applied the doctrine of "substituted judgment" to violate the bodily integrity of a minor (who is usually physically or mentally disabled), or an adult incompetent, to bring about a result which on its face seems beneficial to all involved. What courts have failed to do, however, is protect the best interests of these incompetent persons and to recognize their right to be protected, especially when they cannot consent, from non-therapeutic bodily invasions. In this context, "best interests" are determined by weighing the risks, needs and benefits to the affected person. The type of "non-therapeutic" …
The Right To Refuse Medical Treatment In Ohio After Cruzan: The Need For A Comprehensive Legislative Solution, Thomas J. Onusko, Patricia Casey Cuthbertson
The Right To Refuse Medical Treatment In Ohio After Cruzan: The Need For A Comprehensive Legislative Solution, Thomas J. Onusko, Patricia Casey Cuthbertson
Journal of Law and Health
This paper will first review the development of Ohio case law prior to the Supreme Court's decision in Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health along with the Cruzan decision and Ohio's Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care statute. Next, the constitutionality of the limitations in the Durable Power of Attorney Health Care statute will be discussed. The standard of evidence which must be met in Ohio in order to implement an incompetent's wishes regarding medical treatment in the absence of a durable power will be analyzed. Recommendations will be presented regarding what Ohioans should do in order to …
Hyperbaric Medicine And The Law, Carl E. Wasmuth, John Homi, Donald E. Hale
Hyperbaric Medicine And The Law, Carl E. Wasmuth, John Homi, Donald E. Hale
Cleveland State Law Review
With the construction of such sophisticated facilities as the hyperbaric chamber now contemplated, it might be well to seek out possible legal pitfalls in the application of high pressure oxygen equipment in the treatment of suspected or proved diseases in the human. A comprehensive discussion of the law as it applies to hybaroxia must include design, manufacture, installation, inspection, and use of the facility involved, also, the liability of the manufacturer, of the hospital, and of the physician. Legal literature reveals few cases in which these facets of the law have been discussed with special regard to the hyperbaric facility., …
Hyperbaric Oxygen Chambers: Medicolegal Aspects, Carl E. Wasmuth, John Homi
Hyperbaric Oxygen Chambers: Medicolegal Aspects, Carl E. Wasmuth, John Homi
Cleveland State Law Review
The installation and utilization of the hyperbaric facility for the administration of oxygen to patients under increased atmospheric pressures presents several legal problems.
Informed Consent To Medical Treatment, Milton Oppenheim
Informed Consent To Medical Treatment, Milton Oppenheim
Cleveland State Law Review
Medical malpractice is usually considered in terms of negligent conduct by the physician in the course of the physician-patient relation. Many of the actions are not predicated on the law of negligence, although this type of malpractice undoubtedly is the most common type of litigation. A substantial group of cases deal with unauthorized operations, which are characterized as battery, emerging from lack of informed consent.
Consent To Surgical Procedures, Carl E. Wasmuth
Consent To Surgical Procedures, Carl E. Wasmuth
Cleveland State Law Review
Case law relating to surgical consent is fairly well settled. A review of the numerous decisions on this question can be summed up with a general statement: If the patient freely consults the physician, understands the operation contemplated, enters the hospital, and submits to the operation, consent is implied. This consent to a surgical operation is a privilege that the patient extends to the surgeon to commit trespass to the person.