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Predicting Whether Multiculturalism Positively Or Negatively Influences White Americans’ Intergroup Attitudes: The Role Of Ethnic Identification., K Morrison, V Plaut, O Ybarra
Predicting Whether Multiculturalism Positively Or Negatively Influences White Americans’ Intergroup Attitudes: The Role Of Ethnic Identification., K Morrison, V Plaut, O Ybarra
Victoria Plaut
Multiculturalism, or the belief that racial and ethnic differences should be acknowledged and appreciated, has been met with both positive reactions (e.g., decreased prejudice) and negative reactions (e.g., perceptions of threat) from dominant group members. The present research proposes that multiculturalism can either positively or negatively influence White Americans’ intergroup attitudes depending on their degree of ethnic identification. In Studies 1 and 2, White Americans primed with multiculturalism exhibited higher social dominance orientation (Study 1) and greater prejudice (Study 2), especially when they identified strongly with their ethnicity. In Study 3, perceptions of threat to group values were found to …
Explaining Underrepresentation: A Theory Of Precluded Interes, S Cheryan, V Plaut
Explaining Underrepresentation: A Theory Of Precluded Interes, S Cheryan, V Plaut
Victoria Plaut
What processes best explain women’s underrepresentation in science, math, and engineering fields in the U.S.? Do they also explain men’s underrepresentation in the humanities? Two survey studies across two U.S. West Coast universities (N = 62; N = 614) addressed these questions in the context of two fields: one male-dominated (computer science) and the other female-dominated (English). Among a set of social predictors—including perceived similarity to the people in the field, social identity threats, and expectations of success—the best mediator of women’s lower interest in computer science and men’s lower interest in English was perceived similarity. Thus, changing students’ social …
Diversity Science: Who Needs It?, V Plaut
Diversity Science: Who Needs It?, V Plaut
Victoria Plaut
What is diversity science and who needs it? This response addresses these and other themes and challenges raised by 11 excellent commentaries. Others include: What are the assumptions of diversity science regarding difference? Is diversity science constrained to the study of multiculturalism and colorblindness? Are race and ethnicity the only dimensions of difference worth studying? At which level of analysis should diversity scientists work and with which types of variables? Should diversity science address the experiences of both majority and minority groups? Should diversity science reside solely on U.S. soil? Is diversity science already in motion (i.e., has the train …
Diversity Science: Why And How Difference Makes A Difference., V Plaut
Diversity Science: Why And How Difference Makes A Difference., V Plaut
Victoria Plaut
This article proposes that addressing the complex ethnic and racial issues of the 21st century will require a diversity science. A diversity science will consider how people create, interpret, and maintain group differences among individuals, as well as the psychological and societal consequences of these distinctions. A diversity science will recognize that these significant social distinctions (in the case of this article, race and ethnicity) are not simply natural, neutral, or abstract. Instead they are created and recreated in the process of everyday social interactions that are grounded in historically derived ideas and beliefs about difference and in a set …
Ethos Of Independence Across Regions In The United States: The Production-Adoption Model Of Cultural Change., S Kitayama, L Conway, P Pietromonaco, H Park, V Plaut
Ethos Of Independence Across Regions In The United States: The Production-Adoption Model Of Cultural Change., S Kitayama, L Conway, P Pietromonaco, H Park, V Plaut
Victoria Plaut
Contemporary U.S. culture has a highly individualistic ethos. Nevertheless, exactly how this ethos was historically fostered remains unanalyzed. A new model of dynamic cultural change maintains that sparsely populated, novel environments that impose major threats to survival, such as the Western frontier in the United States during the 18th and 19th centuries, breed strong values of independence, which in turn guide the production of new practices that encourage self-promotion and focused, competitive work. Faced with few significant threats to survival, residents in traditional areas are likely to seek social prestige by adopting existing practices of other, higher status groups. Because …
Diversity In Laboratory Animal Science: Issues And Initiatives., L Alworth, K Ardayfio, A Blickman, L Greenhill, W Hill, P Sharp, P Talmage, V Plaut, M Goren
Diversity In Laboratory Animal Science: Issues And Initiatives., L Alworth, K Ardayfio, A Blickman, L Greenhill, W Hill, P Sharp, P Talmage, V Plaut, M Goren
Victoria Plaut
No abstract provided.