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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Law
Trade Multilateralism And U.S. National Security: The Making Of The Gatt Security Exceptions, Mona Pinchis-Paulsen
Trade Multilateralism And U.S. National Security: The Making Of The Gatt Security Exceptions, Mona Pinchis-Paulsen
Michigan Journal of International Law
Today, there are an unprecedented number of disputes at the World Trade Organization (“WTO”) involving national security. The dramatic rise in trade disputes involving national security has resuscitated debate over the degree of discretion afforded to WTO Members as to when and how to invoke Article XXI, the Security Exception, of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (“GATT”), with binding effect. The goal of this article is to shed light on contemporary questions and concerns involving national security and international trade, particularly questions involving the appropriate invocation of Article XXI GATT, through careful attention to the article’s historical context. …
The Tbt Agreement’S Failure To Solve U.S. - Cool, Elinore R. Carroll
The Tbt Agreement’S Failure To Solve U.S. - Cool, Elinore R. Carroll
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Refining Statutory Interpretation: How Natural Gas Export Regulations Violate U.S. International Trade Obligations, Amanda L. Tharpe
Refining Statutory Interpretation: How Natural Gas Export Regulations Violate U.S. International Trade Obligations, Amanda L. Tharpe
Catholic University Law Review
As a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the United States is required to abide by nondiscriminatory trade policies when exporting products to other WTO members. Current U.S. policy regulating natural gas exports impose burdensome and lengthy licensing procedures on those requesting approval of a permit to export natural gas to countries with which the U.S. does not have a free trade agreement. A similar commodity, crude oil, is regulated by different regulations that allow for U.S. oil producers to freely export crude oil overseas. This Comment analyzes the differences in federal laws and regulations governing the export of …
Reaching For Environmental And Economic Harmony: Can Ttip Negotiations Bridge The U.S.-Eu Chemical Regulatory Gap?, Ashley Henson
Reaching For Environmental And Economic Harmony: Can Ttip Negotiations Bridge The U.S.-Eu Chemical Regulatory Gap?, Ashley Henson
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
The United Nations Convention On The Recognition And Enforcement Of Foreign Arbitral Awards: The First Four Years, A. Jason Mirabito
The United Nations Convention On The Recognition And Enforcement Of Foreign Arbitral Awards: The First Four Years, A. Jason Mirabito
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Customs Valuation In The European Economic Community, William M. Snyder
Customs Valuation In The European Economic Community, William M. Snyder
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Changing Trends In The Content And Purpose Of Mexico's Intellectual Property Right Regime, Alan S. Gutterman
Changing Trends In The Content And Purpose Of Mexico's Intellectual Property Right Regime, Alan S. Gutterman
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Are Eu Trade Sanctions On Burma Compatible With Wto Law?, Robert L. Howse, Jared M. Genser
Are Eu Trade Sanctions On Burma Compatible With Wto Law?, Robert L. Howse, Jared M. Genser
Michigan Journal of International Law
This Article will explore the European Union's approach to Burma. The European Union, until recently, has implemented quite limited trade sanctions against the Burmese junta. According to the most recent figures, E.U. countries still import €306 million ($454 million) of commodities and products, ninety-five percent of which are textiles, timber, gems, and precious metals. However, the Common Position of November 19, 2007, strengthens considerably E.U. measures against the Burmese regime and contains a ban on the importation of these goods from Burma. Further, the Common Position requires E.U. countries to prohibit intentional and knowing "participation" in activities that "directly or …
Transparency: An Analysis Of An Evolving Fundamental Principle In International Economic Law, Carl-Sebastian Zoellner
Transparency: An Analysis Of An Evolving Fundamental Principle In International Economic Law, Carl-Sebastian Zoellner
Michigan Journal of International Law
This Note will first sketch the theoretical underpinnings of transparency in an interdisciplinary overview of its possible meanings and advantages in the present context. It will then survey documents and instruments of international economic law in which language embracing the transparency principle is already present. The Note's main section proceeds to ask whether, in the actual application of those agreements, the transparency principle has had any notable impact on the interpretation of state obligations. Finally, in addressing transparency's future role in international economic law, this Note briefly discusses additional problems which might be resolved through a transparency-based approach.
Juridical Substance Or Myth Over Balance-Of-Payment: Developing Countries And The Role Of The International Monetary Fund In The World Trade Organization, Ugochukwu Chima Ukpabi
Juridical Substance Or Myth Over Balance-Of-Payment: Developing Countries And The Role Of The International Monetary Fund In The World Trade Organization, Ugochukwu Chima Ukpabi
Michigan Journal of International Law
This Note attempts to chart the division of labor in respect of balance-of-payment between the Fund and the WTO. More importantly, it reflects on how the intertwined relationship between the Fund and the WTO over balance-of-payment might impact on developing countries in the unfolding architecture of trade.
The Continued Viability Of Foreign Sales Corporations (Fscs): An Analysis Of The Wto Decision Declaring Fscs Incompatible With Gatt Trading Rules, Brenda O'Leary
San Diego International Law Journal
Most major trading nations have features in their income tax laws that favor exports. The United States has adopted such a scheme of preferential treatment of foreign income in order to provide incentives for the export of U.S.-produced goods. However, such devices that reduce income taxes for U.S. exporters have been openly criticized by the international community as illegal export subsidies which are incompatible with the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). In fact, the U.S. enacted its current Foreign Sales Corporation (FSC) legislation in the Tax Reform Act of 1984 to conform the Domestic International Sales Corporation (DISC) …
Procedural Issues In Wto Dispute Resolution, Peter Lichtenbaum
Procedural Issues In Wto Dispute Resolution, Peter Lichtenbaum
Michigan Journal of International Law
This article identifies particularly significant procedural issues that are arising in WTO dispute resolution and comments on the possible evolutionary paths of the law. This task requires that the article strike a balance between breadth of coverage and depth of coverage. As a result, the article does not aim to provide a complete discussion of all aspects of the WTO dispute resolution system and generally does not discuss issues that have not been addressed by WTO panels. The article does not seek to provide an exhaustive analysis of each issue discussed, and therefore deals briefly with the background under the …
Gatt As A Framework For Multilateral Negotiations On Trade In Legal Services, Dean N. Menegas
Gatt As A Framework For Multilateral Negotiations On Trade In Legal Services, Dean N. Menegas
Michigan Journal of International Law
While a number of commentators have discussed the adaptability of the GATT to problems of trade in services, none have specifically addressed its applicability to lawyering or other professional services. Part I considers the GATT's progress on services issues to date. Part II identifies and classifies the barriers to transnational legal practice. Part III explores the possibility of liberalizing many of these barriers through the application of GATT substantive concepts and the use of GATT procedural mechanisms.
The Interrelationship Between United Nations Law And The Law Of Other International Organizations, Richard H. Lauwaars
The Interrelationship Between United Nations Law And The Law Of Other International Organizations, Richard H. Lauwaars
Michigan Law Review
The question regarding the interrelationship between UN law and the law of other international organizations acquired actual significance in the Netherlands in the spring of 1983. At that time, the Dutch Government published a Note stating that, due to the strictures of international law embodied in the law of the European Economic Community (EEC) and European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), the Benelux Economic Union, and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), it could not impose unilateral sanctions against South Africa. In response to this Note, a group of public international law professors in the Netherlands issued a …
Implementing The Tokyo Round: Legal Aspects Of Changing International Economic Rules, John H. Jackson, Jean-Victor Louis, Mitsuo Matsushita
Implementing The Tokyo Round: Legal Aspects Of Changing International Economic Rules, John H. Jackson, Jean-Victor Louis, Mitsuo Matsushita
Michigan Law Review
International economic and political interdependence has increased dramatically since the close of World War II. We now watch foreign wars on our living room television sets, move billions of dollars worth of funds across national borders daily, and feel the effects of political violence in the Mideast throughout our domestic farmlands. A corollary to economic and political interdependence, however, is the less visible but equally pervasive problem of legal interdependence. Any attempt, in the contemporary world, to create new international rules or institutions necessarily depends on the national legal and constitutional systems of a number of countries. This Article analyzes …
Gilmore: An Antidumping Proceeding As Cost-Price Comparison, Fred A. Rodriguez
Gilmore: An Antidumping Proceeding As Cost-Price Comparison, Fred A. Rodriguez
Michigan Journal of International Law
In the usual dumping case, a producer sells his product abroad at prices lower than those at which the same product is sold in the domestic market (country of origin). But dumping is also possible in other circumstances. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (hereinafter GATT) and the Antidumping Code (hereinafter the Code) recognize dumping where, in the absence of a domestic price, the price in the export market is lower than the price for a comparable product in a third country market. If neither a domestic nor a third country price is available, these international agreements provide that …
United States Compliance With The 1967 Gatt Antidumping Code, Robert E. Hudec
United States Compliance With The 1967 Gatt Antidumping Code, Robert E. Hudec
Michigan Journal of International Law
The 1967 GATT Antidumping Code (hereinafter the Code) may be viewed as an attempt to state an international consensus about the correct policy and practice of national antidumping laws. It is important to be clear about the nature of that consensus. National antidumping laws are not an expression of accepted economic theory about international trade. Rather, they tend to rest on more pedestrian value judgments about things such as "fair competition." These underlying value judgments are not necessarily the same from one country to another, and in some countries antidumping laws are not even considered particularly useful or necessary. In …
Dam: The Gatt, Law And International Economic Organization, Carl H. Fulda
Dam: The Gatt, Law And International Economic Organization, Carl H. Fulda
Michigan Law Review
A Review of The GATT, Law and International Economic Organization by Kenneth Dam