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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Law
The Ideal Deal: How Local Governments Can Get More For Their Economic Development Dollar, Rachel Weber, David Santacroce
The Ideal Deal: How Local Governments Can Get More For Their Economic Development Dollar, Rachel Weber, David Santacroce
Books
This handbook is designed to provide local economic development practitioners with an important tool. It takes the reader step-by-step through the different elements of contracts that treat public incentive packages as a quid pro quo for public benefits. Each section discusses a different element of the ideal deal: valuation of public costs and benefits, performance standards, disclosure and oversight, and enforcement. In each section we provide detailed examples of model provisions used by local governments in their incentive legislation, ordinances, and contracts -- information that has not before been obtained or recorded in any systematic way. These examples are meant …
The Funding Of Children's Educational Costs, Douglas A. Kahn
The Funding Of Children's Educational Costs, Douglas A. Kahn
Articles
A plan for reduction of educational costs should take federal transfer taxes into account. The method chosen for reducing income tax liability usually will involve making gifts. To the extent that it is convenient to do so, the transfer tax consequences of making such gifts should be minimized. This article will examine the estate and gift tax consequences of the income tax reduction arrangements described herein and will consider means of structuring the transactions so as to minimize those consequences.
Cooperative Apartments: A Survey Of Legal Treatment And An Argument For Homestead Protection, Carolyn S. Bratt
Cooperative Apartments: A Survey Of Legal Treatment And An Argument For Homestead Protection, Carolyn S. Bratt
Law Faculty Scholarly Articles
“The homestead may be a splendid mansion, a cabin or a tent,” but can it be a cooperative apartment? The supreme courts of both Florida and Georgia recently have answered this question in the negative. The Florida Supreme Court denied to a widow a homestead exemption in her deceased husband's cooperative apartment, ruling that a cooperator has no proprietary interest in the apartment, the building, or the land on which the building is situated. The Georgia Supreme Court denied a homestead tax exemption to cooperators because they lacked the characteristics of ownership needed to bring them within the constitutional exemption …
The Michigan Single Business Tax Act: A Blueprint For Ohio, Robert M. Wilson
The Michigan Single Business Tax Act: A Blueprint For Ohio, Robert M. Wilson
Cleveland State Law Review
This note will explore some of the major provisions of the Michigan Single Business Tax Act (SBTA), focusing upon those areas Michigan has treated in a manner different from that of other states. Initially, the various types of state business taxes will be introduced. Each tax's strengths and weaknesses will be explored so that the SBTA can be evaluated in relation to the other types of taxes the Michigan legislature might have chosen. Next, the note will address the problem of the allocation of income of multistate businesses. There are also the questions of how to define "taxable income" and …
Preferential Property Tax Treatment Of Farmland And Open Space Under Michigan Law, Ronald Henry
Preferential Property Tax Treatment Of Farmland And Open Space Under Michigan Law, Ronald Henry
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This note will attempt to explain the new Michigan statute and evaluate the effectiveness of this type of legislation as a means of preserving open space and farmland from conversion to more intensive use.
Review Of Michigan And Federal Estate And Tax Planning, By P. Chirco And S. Ward, Douglas A. Kahn
Review Of Michigan And Federal Estate And Tax Planning, By P. Chirco And S. Ward, Douglas A. Kahn
Reviews
Any evaluation of a book of this nature must be made in light of its purpose and its intended audience. The authors recognize that estate and tax planning is too broad a subject to be treated comprehensively in a single volume, and, consequently, they quite properly made no effort in that direction. Rather, their apparent purpose was to furnish the non-specialist with an annotated form book containing textual discussions of tax and estate planning problems, with particular emphasis on local Michigan law.
Michigan Title Examinations And The 1954 Revenue Code's New General Lien Provisions, L. Hart Wright
Michigan Title Examinations And The 1954 Revenue Code's New General Lien Provisions, L. Hart Wright
Michigan Law Review
Title examiners, and more particularly their clients, have long suffered from a controversy-limited almost exclusively to Michigan- involving the methods by which the United States Treasury Department could perfect general federal tax liens. The December 1952 issue of the Michigan Law Review carried an article by the present writer pointing up the irreconcilable difference which has existed for a quarter of a century between the type of record notice which the Treasury was willing to provide prospective bona fide purchasers et al., and the quite different and more demanding type which the Michigan Legislature insisted upon if the local offices …
The Legal Basis For Municipal Income Taxes In Michigan, Arthur M. Wisehart
The Legal Basis For Municipal Income Taxes In Michigan, Arthur M. Wisehart
Michigan Law Review
The purpose of this article is to explore the legal difficulties which might beset a Michigan municipality attempting to impose an income tax. Because of the similarity of some of these difficulties to those encountered in other jurisdictions, it is hoped that this study will be useful outside of as well as within the state of Michigan.
Municipal Corporations-Circumventing Municipal Debt Limitations, Joseph F. Gricar S.Ed.
Municipal Corporations-Circumventing Municipal Debt Limitations, Joseph F. Gricar S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Since municipalities are frequently indebted to the permissible extent of the constitutional, statutory, and charter debt limitations, they are constantly seeking methods of finance which avoid the debt limits. Three devices have received judicial sanction. First: Where a separate and distinct. corporation such as a school or drain district has been created it may operate with a separate debt limit over the same territory as the governing municipality. Second: Where the project to be financed is income-producing, the financing bond issue, if made self-liquidating, will not Gome within the debt limitations. Although incorporated authorities have been extensively used to administer …
Taxation - Constitutionality Of Chain Store Taxation
Taxation - Constitutionality Of Chain Store Taxation
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiff corporation filed a bill asking a permanent injunction against the enforcement of the Michigan chain store tax, which imposes a graduated levy, the amounts increasing from ten dollars per year per store for two stores owned, to two hundred fifty dollars per year per store for stores in "chains" of twenty-six or more. The plaintiff contended that the statute was unconstitutional under the "uniformity" clause of the state constitution and the equal protection of the laws clause of the federal Constitution. Held, the act is constitutional. C. F. Smith Co. v. Fitzgerald, 270 Mich. 659, 259 …
The Fifteen Mill Tax Amendment And Its Effect, E. Blythe Stason
The Fifteen Mill Tax Amendment And Its Effect, E. Blythe Stason
Michigan Law Review
This article, dealing with problems arising under the Michigan Tax Limitation Amendment, should be of general interest. The movement to reduce taxes on property is nation-wide, as Mr. Stason says. One form which the movement has taken has been to limit, by constitutional provision, the amount of tax which may be levied on property. Seventeen States already have such limitations and others may be expected to give consideration to like measures
When The Importer Is A State University, May The Government Collect A Duty?, Sweinbjorn Johnson
When The Importer Is A State University, May The Government Collect A Duty?, Sweinbjorn Johnson
Michigan Law Review
The Tariff Act of 1922 has raised a question which may turn out to be one of great importance as well as one of unusual interest. It appears that in previous acts exemptions were granted, more or less general, in favor of schools, libraries and educational institutions with the result that on imports for their use no duties were levied or collected. In the law of 1922, however, no such exemptions appear, and the customs officers throughout the country have required state universities to pay a duty when the title passed abroad and the articles imported by them were intended …
Special Assessments Upon Cemeteries, Ralph W. Aigler
Special Assessments Upon Cemeteries, Ralph W. Aigler
Articles
Though the power to tax cemeteries would seem to be entirely clear, very commonly land devoted to such purpose is declared by constitution or statute to be exempt. See COOLY, TAXATION, (3rd ed.) 354. So also in the case of special assessments such land, in the absence of a clear exemption, is liable thereto. Bloomington Cemetery Assoc. v. People, 139 IIl. 16, 28 N. E. 1076; Mullins v. Cemetery Assoc., 239 Mo. 681, 144 S. W. 109; Buffalo City Cemetery v. Buffalo, 46 N. Y. 503; Lima v. Lima Cemetery Assoc., 42 Oh. St. 128, 51 Am. Rep. 809. It …
Remedies Of Illegal Taxation, Thomas M. Cooley
Remedies Of Illegal Taxation, Thomas M. Cooley
Articles
Taxation is to a nation what the circulation of the blood is to he individual; absolutely essential to life. In ordinary times it is the chief burden which government imposes upon the people, and is likely, therefore, to be the greatest source of discontent. This renders it of the utmost importance that taxation should as nearly as possible be just, and also that it should appear to those who pay it to be just. Absolute justice, however, is unattainable.