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Articles 1 - 25 of 25
Full-Text Articles in Law
The Transfer Pricing Regs Need A Good Edit, Susan C. Morse
The Transfer Pricing Regs Need A Good Edit, Susan C. Morse
Pepperdine Law Review
The U.S. government has broad discretion to change the transfer pricing regulations as they apply to corporate multinationals, and these regulations need changing because they give too much leeway to taxpayers and will continue to serve an important function in the division of international tax jurisdiction regardless of the fate of pending reform proposals. Xilinx and Veritas illustrate that taxpayers whose transfer pricing is challenged can successfully defend themselves using arm’s length definitions in the government’s own regulations. U.S. tax administrators should write revised transfer pricing rules that afford taxpayers less contracting freedom. They should incrementally add formulaic elements to …
Putting The Reign Back In Sovereign, Allison Christians
Putting The Reign Back In Sovereign, Allison Christians
Pepperdine Law Review
In its first term, the Obama administration enacted two pieces of legislation, each designed to protect an increasingly vulnerable income tax base, and each of which had the potential to set a new and unprecedented course for no less than the regulation of the global economy by the nation-state. The first, the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA), sought to end global tax evasion through tax havens. The second, a little-noticed two-page addendum to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank), sought to end the contribution of American multinationals to corruption in governance by codifying the transparency …
A Proposal For The Tax Treatment Of Interest In A Territorial System, Martin A. Sullivan
A Proposal For The Tax Treatment Of Interest In A Territorial System, Martin A. Sullivan
Pepperdine Law Review
To prevent negative effective tax rates in a territorial system, a multinational corporation’s deductions for interest expense attributable to foreign profits must be disallowed. To determine what portion of worldwide interest is foreign, it is commonly suggested that interest be allocated in proportion to assets. Because it would ease administrative problems and because it would reduce the incentives to shift profits through aggressive transfer pricing, allocation of interest in proportion to gross profits would be a superior approach. Also, contrary to the usual argument, the United States should not be reluctant to unilaterally adopt interest disallowance rules because it would …
Corporate And International Tax Reform: Proposals For The Second Obama Administration (And Beyond), Reuven S. Avi-Yonah
Corporate And International Tax Reform: Proposals For The Second Obama Administration (And Beyond), Reuven S. Avi-Yonah
Pepperdine Law Review
The passage of the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (“ATRA”) offers an opportune moment to consider proposals for corporate and international tax reform. With the debate over individual tax rates for the income and estate tax settled for the present, the President and Congress are free to consider broader reforms. This paper will attempt to raise some proposals for US corporate and international tax reform, beginning with long-term options (a 10 year horizon), continuing with the medium term (2-5 years) and concluding with short-term options (1-2 years). The main proposals are for the US to adopt a VAT and …
Passthrough Entities: The Missing Element In Business Tax Reform, Karen C. Burke
Passthrough Entities: The Missing Element In Business Tax Reform, Karen C. Burke
Pepperdine Law Review
Reform of the U.S. corporate tax system is again on the agenda. Despite important differences, many current proposals share two common goals: (1) reducing the statutory corporate tax rate to improve U.S. international competitiveness and (2) broadening the corporate tax base by reducing or eliminating business expenditures to offset revenue losses. Given the significance of the passthrough sector and the relationship between individual and corporate taxes, however, such reforms need to be considered within a broader context. Part I of this article discusses the growing significance of the passthrough sector, which now accounts for roughly half of net business income. …
Who Killed The Rule Against Perpetuities?, Grayson M. P. Mccouch
Who Killed The Rule Against Perpetuities?, Grayson M. P. Mccouch
Pepperdine Law Review
During the last two decades more than half the states have either abolished or substantially weakened the traditional rule against perpetuities. The increased demand for perpetual trusts is widely attributed to the ability of such trusts to avoid federal wealth transfer taxes. Furthermore, recent empirical studies confirm a correlation between repeal of the rule against perpetuities (coupled with favorable state income tax treatment) and increased personal trust assets and average account size. This symposium article discusses the asymmetric benefits and drawbacks of perpetual trusts and concludes that the decline of the rule against perpetuities cannot be explained solely in terms …
The Globalization Of Corporate Tax Reform, Steven A. Bank
The Globalization Of Corporate Tax Reform, Steven A. Bank
Pepperdine Law Review
With the growth of multinational corporations and its effect on corporate tax revenues, it is not surprising that international tax reform is a major part of President Obama’s Framework for Business Tax Reform as he begins his second term. Noticeably missing from this and other discussions of the major structural reform proposals, however, is any mention of the influence and importance of international corporate tax reform efforts. Although the concern over corporate tax evasion is especially pronounced in the U.S., the "decentering" of multinational corporations and corporate tax revenues is by no means an exclusively American problem. Around the world, …
Occupy The Tax Code: Using The Estate Tax To Reduce Inequality And Spur Economic Growth, Paul L. Caron, James R. Repetti
Occupy The Tax Code: Using The Estate Tax To Reduce Inequality And Spur Economic Growth, Paul L. Caron, James R. Repetti
Pepperdine Law Review
Inequality has been increasing in the United States. We should care about this increase because inequality contributes to a variety of adverse social consequences that persist across generations. There is also substantial empirical evidence that inequality has a long-term negative impact on economic growth. For many decades, federal tax policy has played an important role in reducing inequality, although the impact of federal taxes on inequality has waxed and waned depending on the focus of elected officials. We argue that the estate tax is a particularly apt vehicle to reduce inequality because inheritances are a major source of wealth among …
Distracted From Distraction By Distraction: Reimagining Estate Tax Reform, Edward J. Mccaffery
Distracted From Distraction By Distraction: Reimagining Estate Tax Reform, Edward J. Mccaffery
Pepperdine Law Review
Recent legislation has left a gift and estate tax that will apply to far fewer than 1% of all decedents each year. This Article, prepared for a symposium on Tax Advice for the Second Obama Administration, argues that the estate tax has become largely irrelevant, except ironically as a spur to the creation and perpetuation of dynastic wealth via 'Dynasty Trusts.' The tax no longer meets any compelling policy rationale, such as raising revenue, 'backing up” the income tax, injecting progression into the tax system, or breaking up large concentrations of wealth. It is time to move on, and to …
Access To Tax Injustice, Francine J. Lipman
Access To Tax Injustice, Francine J. Lipman
Pepperdine Law Review
Every morning, Monday through Friday, school children across the United States raise their voices in unison and pledge allegiance to America, with liberty and justice for all. America, in turn, pledges to these children and the world that it is a nation of liberty, justice, and laws. Laws drafted by representatives intended to follow through on America’s promise of liberty and justice for all. Yet for more than 16 million of these children and 30 million adults living in poverty in 2011, America does not deliver on its promise of justice. In a recent global study, America ranked 27th out …
Tax Reform And The American Middle Class, Kirk J. Stark, Eric M. Zolt
Tax Reform And The American Middle Class, Kirk J. Stark, Eric M. Zolt
Pepperdine Law Review
This essay examines how concern for the economic plight of the middle class should influence debates over federal tax reform. It begins with an overview of data on two key developments in American economic life over the past quarter century. The first is the deteriorating economic position of the middle class, a long-term trend illustrated by stagnant income growth, job polarization, and more limited economic opportunities as compared to earlier eras. The second development is the declining federal tax burden of the American middle class, including historically low average tax rates and relative tax shares, not just for the federal …
The 535 Report: A Pathway To Fundamental Tax Reform, Dorothy A. Brown
The 535 Report: A Pathway To Fundamental Tax Reform, Dorothy A. Brown
Pepperdine Law Review
This Essay argues that current tax policies that include special tax rates, loopholes and deductions disadvantage most Americans in favor of income received by a select few – especially members of Congress. The majority of taxpayers of color as well as white taxpayers are not eligible for the loopholes and special tax breaks that currently exist in our tax laws. Tax reform that eliminates special deals as a means to lowering tax rates for all is the best way forward towards a fairer and simpler tax system. Such reform is unlikely to occur in the absence of a “focusing event” …
Tax Advice For The Second Obama Administration, Paul L. Caron
Tax Advice For The Second Obama Administration, Paul L. Caron
Pepperdine Law Review
Twenty-five of the nation’s leading tax academics, practitioners, journalists, and public intellectuals gathered in Malibu, California on the Friday before President Obama’s second inauguration to plead for tax reform. The papers published in this issue of the Pepperdine Law Review provide very different prescriptions for America’s tax ills. But there is a unanimous diagnosis that the country’s tax system is sick indeed. A re-elected president’s inauguration offers a particularly propitious moment to put politics aside and embark on a treatment plan. If our lawmakers are interested in healing our tax wounds, the ideas presented in these pages offer a good …
Internal Revenue Code Section 4061(B), Manufacturers' Excise Tax On Parts And Accessories Of Motor Vehicles, Jerome L. Bleiweis
Internal Revenue Code Section 4061(B), Manufacturers' Excise Tax On Parts And Accessories Of Motor Vehicles, Jerome L. Bleiweis
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
Fringe Benefits, Proposed Section 84, And Tax Policy , Gregory M. Fowler
Fringe Benefits, Proposed Section 84, And Tax Policy , Gregory M. Fowler
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Value-Added Tax - A Proposal For The 80'S, Charles O. Galvin
The Value-Added Tax - A Proposal For The 80'S, Charles O. Galvin
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
How To Accomplish A Successful Tax-Free Pension Plan Rollover, Steven T. Graham
How To Accomplish A Successful Tax-Free Pension Plan Rollover, Steven T. Graham
Pepperdine Law Review
Advising a client how to accomplish a tax-free rollover from one pension plan to another has been an area of confusion for the general practitioner. In order to end this confusion the author examines recent statutory amendments, Internal Revenue Service rulings and the Employee Retirement Income Security Act. The author then outlines, in conjunction with the recent changes in the law, potential pension plan rollover scenarios that can aid the client. After a thorough discussion of the available rollovers and the benefits and drawbacks of each, the author concludes with a chart designed to provide quick identification of the most …
The New Starker: A Nonsimultaneous Exchange Expands Section 1031/ Collateral Estoppel Clarification, Robert B. Paysinger
The New Starker: A Nonsimultaneous Exchange Expands Section 1031/ Collateral Estoppel Clarification, Robert B. Paysinger
Pepperdine Law Review
The new Starker decision addresses the issue whether a nonsimultaneous exchange qualifies for section 1031 nonrecognition treatment. The Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, in addressing this issue, also had to determine the appropriateness of the collateral estoppel "separable facts" doctrine under the facts in the case. The author provides an in-depth examination of the court's clarification of collateral estoppel and expansion of section 1031. The author, in agreeing with-the decision, welcomes the added flexibility the case lends to the real estate finance field.
Recent Legislative Changes As To The Reporting And Payment Of The Gift Tax: A Step Toward Tax Simplification, Harry F. Byrd Jr.
Recent Legislative Changes As To The Reporting And Payment Of The Gift Tax: A Step Toward Tax Simplification, Harry F. Byrd Jr.
Pepperdine Law Review
The overly complex nature of the nation's tax laws has spurred congressional action to simplify the tax code. United States Senator Harry F. Byrd, Jr. has demonstrated his commitment toward this goal by his recent introduction of the Annual Gift Tax Return Act. This measure, enacted as part of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981, provides a return to the system of annual gift tax reporting. More significantly, it demonstrates that simplification of the tax laws can be achieved without sacrificing other goals, and without additional costs to the taxpayer.
Commonwealth Edison Co. V. State Of Montana: Constitutional Limitations On State Energy Resource Taxation, Nancy K. Stalcup
Commonwealth Edison Co. V. State Of Montana: Constitutional Limitations On State Energy Resource Taxation, Nancy K. Stalcup
Pepperdine Law Review
This note examines the case of Commonwealth Edison Co. v. State of Montana, where the United States Supreme Court analyzed and defined the permissible limitations of state energy resource taxation. While the Court adhered to the test of constitutional taxation established in Complete Auto Transit Inc. v. Brady, which strongly upheld a state's sovereign right to tax a local incident of interstate commerce, the Court failed to realize the practical ramifications of its ruling in the context o the nation's energy problems.
Horse Syndication: A Sure Footed Winner In The Investment Sweepstakes, Thomas R. Catanese
Horse Syndication: A Sure Footed Winner In The Investment Sweepstakes, Thomas R. Catanese
Pepperdine Law Review
Recent changes in the scheme of federal taxation coupled with increasing interest in the equine industry has propelled that industry into the forefront of tax sheltered investments. In this article the author takes an in-depth look at the federal securities and tax law aspects of a typical equine syndication as a tax sheltered investment.
The Professional Corporation—Has The Death Knell Been Sounded?, Forest J. Bowman
The Professional Corporation—Has The Death Knell Been Sounded?, Forest J. Bowman
Pepperdine Law Review
The favorable tax reasons for incorporating a professional practice have been substantially reduced by the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act. The retirement benefits of the professional corporation have effectively been eliminated by TEFRA. In addition, the new allocation of income powers provided by TEFRA may have eliminated the tax incentive for forming a professional corporation. The professional's decision whether to incorporate his practice will now rest with his desires as to how he wishes to carry out that practice. This article discusses the changes that TEFRA has wrought, and its impact on the professionals' decision to incorporate.
Go Abroad, Young Man, Go Abroad: The Economic Recovery Tax Act Of 1981'S Changes In The Treatment Of Foreign Earned Income, Sheldon J. Fleming
Go Abroad, Young Man, Go Abroad: The Economic Recovery Tax Act Of 1981'S Changes In The Treatment Of Foreign Earned Income, Sheldon J. Fleming
Pepperdine Law Review
The Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 made major revisions in the taxation of foreign earned income. The former tax provisions of sections 911 and 913failed in their purpose of equitably compensating individuals for the increased costs of working abroad, and have been replaced with a new section 911. The new law encourages Americans to go abroad by according them the most liberal tax benefits in over fifty years.
California Tax Practitioners Beware: Even The Ninth Circuit's I.R.C. Section 1031 Loophole Has Limits, Laurel A. Tollman
California Tax Practitioners Beware: Even The Ninth Circuit's I.R.C. Section 1031 Loophole Has Limits, Laurel A. Tollman
Pepperdine Law Review
Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code provides tax deferred status for like-kind exchanges of investment property. The Deficit Reduction Act of 1984 amends this section to curb the use of the controversial delayed exchange as a tool to suspend tax assessment for an inordinate period of time. California attorneys should beware the fiture structuring of like-kind exchanges;for the amendment revises the lenient procedures for like-kind qualification sanctioned by the permissive Ninth Circuit.
The Legality Of California Development Fees, Erik B. Michelsen
The Legality Of California Development Fees, Erik B. Michelsen
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.