Law Commons^™

Annexation - The Requirement That It Must Be "Necessary And Expedient" (Norfolk V. Portsmouth, 1947), Donald H. Sandie

William and Mary Review of Virginia Law

No abstract provided.

State Constitutional Conventions And State Legislative Power, Walter F. Dodd

Vanderbilt Law Review

The State of Tennessee faces a serious problem in that it badly needs changes in its Constitution of 1870 and finds it substantially impossible to make such changes by means of proposed amendments by the two houses of its General Assembly. The requirements (1) that legislative proposal be by a majority of all members of the two houses and that it be agreed to by two thirds of the General Assembly then next chosen, and (2) that approval of a proposed amendment be "by a majority of all the citizens of the State, voting for Representatives," ' substantially defeat possibility …

Labor Law-Compulsory Arbitration Of Labor Disputes, James A. Sprunk S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

In 1947, seven states adopted legislation for compulsory arbitration of labor disputes in public utilities. Four more provide for seizure of such industries in cases of strikes or lockouts, and one prohibits picketing or interference with the service of a public utility. In addition, procedures for conciliation, mediation, or voluntary arbitration with suspension of the right to strike or lockout during such procedures, are provided by still others. Such legislative activity reflects the growing public concern regarding labor disputes and indicates that many state legislators are convinced that to secure industrial peace more is required than the mere imposition of …

Courts-Jurisdiction-Constitutionality Of Statute Establishing Jurisdiction Over Nonresident Conducting Business In State Through Resident Agent, David D. Ring

Michigan Law Review

Defendant, a resident of Utah, sued petitioner, a resident of California, to recover construction costs and contractor's fee for the erection of a building at petitioner's Utah place of business. In accordance with a statute of Utah providing that jurisdiction over a nonresident individual doing business in the state could be obtained in all actions arising out of the conduct of the business by serving process on the resident agent managing the business, summons was served on the petitioner's Utah manager. Petitioner appeared specially and moved to quash the summons for lack of jurisdiction, which motion was denied. He then …

Federal Courts-Venue-Construction Of Sections 51 And 52 Of Judicial Code, Daniel W. Reddin Iii S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

Petitioner, a resident and citizen of Mississippi, brought a negligence action based upon diversity of citizenship in the Federal District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana, joining as defendants Highways Insurance Underwriters, a Texas corporation qualified to do business in Louisiana, and respondents, Reich Brothers Construction Co., a partnership, and its individual members, residents of the Western District of Louisiana. Respondent, Reich Brothers, moved to dismiss on the ground of improper venue under sections 51 and 52 of the Judicial Code which in effect provide that in diversity cases, suit shall be brought only in the district where either …

Constitutional Law - Privileges And Immunities - Commerce Clause-Proprietary Interest Of State In Its Natural Resources, Charles D. Bell

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiffs, residents of Georgia, sued to enjoin the enforcement of a South Carolina statute imposing on shrimp boats a license fee one-hundred times greater for nonresident owners than for resident owners, and requiring all shrimp to be unloaded, packed, and stamped in South Carolina before shipments into other states. The suit was based on the alleged contravention of the privileges and immunities and commerce clauses of the Constitution of the United States. Plaintiff's petition was dismissed by the trial court. On appeal, held, reversed. The disparity in resident and nonresident license fees constituted discrimination against nonresidents in violation of …

Corwin: Liberty Against Government, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Review of LIBERTY AGAINST GOVERNMENT. By Edward S, Corwin .

Killingsworth: State Labor Relations Acts, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Review of STATE LABOR RELATIONS ACTS. By Charles C. Killingsworth.

Suggested Changes In State Of Washington Laws Regulating Municipal Accounting, Arthur N. Lorig

Washington Law Review

In connection with a recent interest in improving the accounting for municipalities of the state of Washington, chiefly sponsored by the Association of Washington Cities, there appears to be a growing conviction that some of the state laws regulating such accounting need revision. The interest is directed principally toward the laws dealing with municipal budgeting and it is felt by some that a complete revision of the budget laws is warranted. On the supposition that, until a thorough revision is made possible, some improvements of a lesser scope might be made, this article suggests desirable changes in the laws. The …

Municipal Home Rule In Indiana, Harry T. Ice

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Corporations-Redeemable Stock-Fiduciary Duty Of Directors, Leroy H. Redfern S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

A federal district court judge introduced an opinion on the fiduciary obligation of corporate directors by stating that "the doctrine of the fiduciary relation is one of the most confused and entangled subjects in corporation law." In Zahn v. Transamerica Corporation the fiduciary duties of corporate directors were discussed extensively by the Third Circuit Court of Appeals. The court not only failed to terminate the confusion and clear the entanglement but may well have added to it by using the fiduciary concept in a new field.

Judges-De Facto Judges, J. R. Swenson S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

In 1947, the Arkansas legislature created an additional division in the First Chancery Circuit and provided that the office be filled until the next general election by Ruth F. Hale, the then Master of Chancery in that circuit. In Arkansas, divorce is an equitable proceeding, and from the date of her appointment, Chancellor Hale had granted an estimated 1,750 divorces. Defendant appealed a divorce decree granted by Chancellor Hale alleging it to be void. Held, decree vacated. Three judges dissented. Howell v. Howell, (Ark. 1948) 208 S.W. (2d) 22.

Constitutional Law-Equal Protection-Judicial Enforcement Of Race Restrictive Covenant, Charles B. Blackmar S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

The highest courts of Missouri and Michigan, and the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, had held that restrictions against occupancy of land by negroes were enforceable by injunction. On certiorari, held, reversed. Enforcement of such restrictions by state courts constitutes a denial of equal protection of the laws. Enforcement by courts of the District violates the Civil Rights Act of 1866, and also it is contrary to the public policy of the United States to allow a federal court to enforce an agreement which a state court could not constitutionally enforce. Shelley v. Kraemer, (U.S. …

Constitutional Law-Procedural Due Process Denied By Michigan's "One-Man Grand Jury'', Robert J. Nordstrom

Michigan Law Review

Petitioner was summoned to appear as a witness before one of Oakland County's judges who was then acting in the capacity of "one-man grand juror." This proceeding was attended only by petitioner, the judge grand juror, and two other circuit judges acting as advisers to the latter. The purpose was to investigate alleged misconduct on the part of law-enforcing officials through the acceptance of bribes in the form of sales of worthless "bonds" on pin-ball machines. Petitioner admitted purchasing these "bonds" but could. not recall just what he had done with them when they had expired. Concluding that the petitioner's …

Some Problems In Special Assessment District Obligations, Irvin Long

Michigan Law Review

The question of the jurisdiction of a board or officer authorized to construct a local improvement and levy special assessments therefor has always been troublesome, and is particularly so when bonds or other obligations are issued in anticipation of the collection of such assessments. A vast amount of litigation has occurred in Michigan in recent years over drain district assessments, and bonds which such districts have issued. While this is of primary interest to Michigan lawyers and investors in public securities, many of the questions involved seem to be of such a general nature, so far as special assessment procedure …

Evidence- Statutes - Contradiction Of Legislative Journal Entry To Show Date Of Receipt Of Bill By Governor, Emerson T. Chandler

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff, a tax assessor, sought to recover salary claims against a county, contending that compensation was payable under an act passed by the General Assembly but vetoed by the governor. An entry in the House journal reported delivery of the bill to the governor on March 5. The Assembly adjourned March 13, and the governor vetoed the bill March 28. An official receipt dated March 10 had been given for the bill by the governor's office. The Arkansas Constitution gives the governor five days within which to approve or disapprove the bill. If he fails to act, the bill becomes …

Corporations - Certificate Of Amendment Conferring Voting Rights On Outstanding Preferred Stock-Remedy Of Non-Assenting Common Stockholder Under New York Appraisal Statute, Edwin F. Uhl S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

By amendment of its certificate of incorporation, defendant conferred upon its outstanding preferred stock voting rights equal to those of the common. This alteration reduced the voting interest of the plaintiff's fifty shares of common stock from an approximately 1/33,000 to 1/36,000 part. Plaintiff, who at all times had opposed adoption of the amendment, instituted proceedings under a provision of the New York Stock Corporation Law awarding to dissenting stockholders the right to an appraisal of and payment for their stock "if the certificate . . . abolishes any voting right of the holders of shares of any class or …

Mcgowan: Trust Receipts, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Review of TRUST RECEIPTS. By George B. McGowan.

Constitutional Law-Tax Exemption Contract, Grétel Schinnerer

Michigan Law Review

A charter granted in 1863 by the State of Georgia to the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company provided as follows: "The stock of said company shall be subject to a tax not exceeding ½ per cent per annum on the net proceeds of its investments." In 1931, the Georgia legislature levied a tax of 5½ per cent on corporate net income. The railroad brought an action seeking to have an assignment under this tax declared invalid, on the theory that the tax as applied to the plaintiff railroad violated the contract clause of the federal Constitution. The Georgia Supreme Court …

Municipal Corporations-Validity Of Juke Box Licensing Ordinance As Exercise Of Police Power, Edward S. Tripp S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff owned and operated coin-operated phonographs, commonly known as juke boxes, in the City of New Kensington, Pennsylvania. The city enacted an ordinance making the possession of coin-operated phonographs or music boxes within the city without a license illegal. An annual license fee of $25.00 per machine was imposed and violators were subjected to fine and imprisonment, each day of illegal operation constituting a separate offense. Plaintiff sought to enjoin enforcement of the ordinance, alleging that it would cause him irreparable injury and that it was unconstitutional because beyond the legislative power of the city council. An injunction was granted …

Estoppel Against State, County, And City, Richard A. Clark

Washington Law Review

Because of the recent expansion of the activities engaged in by both state and municipal governments,.the problem of legal hazards to which they are subject becomes increasingly important. One such hazard is estoppel. In general estoppel is the principle that one who wrongfully or negligently induces another to adversely change his position will be precluded from pleading the falsity of his acts or representations to his own advantage.

The Violation Of A Municipal Ordinance As A Crime, Stanley D. Rose

Vanderbilt Law Review

The county of Winnebago passed such an ordinance and McDonald was charged with a violation of it. McDonald demanded a jury, and Judge Schniege of the municipal court ordered it. Because no provision for a jury trial was in the ordinance, Keefe, the county district attorney, petitioned the circuit court for a writ of prohibition to prevent the enforcement of the municipal court's order for a jury trial. The circuit court denied the petition. On appeal, the supreme court reversed this denial. Judge Fairchild based his decision on the following chain of reasoning:

1. The power to define crimes is …

Interstate Commerce-Freight-Rate Discrimination-Action By The Interstate Commerce Commission And The Supreme Court, John F. Buchman, Iii

Michigan Law Review

The attack upon alleged discrimination against industrial development of the South, Southwest, and West by the maintenance of higher freight-rates on shipments from those sections to the greater markets of the North and East has followed two plans: (1) complaint to the Interstate Commerce Commission to remedy the discrimination by the exercise of its power over the rates themselves; (2) anti-trust action against the agencies through which the rates are initiated. The second plan of attack is illustrated by prosecutions brought by the Department of Justice Anti-Trust Division against forty-seven western railroads for illegal conspiracy to set unfair freight-rates, and …

Contract Liability Of Water Companies To Citizens In Kentucky, Harry B. Miller Jr.

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Admissibility Of Oral Declarations Of A Testator To Prove A Lost Will In Kentucky, Bertel M. Sparks

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Legislative Research And Planning In Kentucky, Gladys M. Kammerer

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Commerce Clause State Regulation Of Federal Warehouses

Indiana Law Journal

Constitutional Law Note

Church, The State, And Mrs. Mccollum, Clarence Emmett Manion

Journal Articles

On March 8, 1948 the Supreme Court of the United States decided in substance that this language prohibits the tax-supported city school systems of the State of Illinois from assisting and encouraging general religious instruction. Just how a constitutional restriction against specified congressional action can possibly impede the activity of a local Illinois school board is an inglorious mystery of modern constitutional construction.

In one way or another however, and for one reason or many, the Court decided eight to one that when the First Amendment says "Congress" it means, among other things, a local school board and when it …

The Constitutionality Of Certain Indirect Approaches To Raising The Assessment Level, Elvis J. Stahr Jr.

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

The Future Of Uniform Laws -- The Commercial Code, Frank Edward Horack Jr.

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.