Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- West Virginia University (13)
- Pepperdine University (10)
- Selected Works (10)
- Northwestern Pritzker School of Law (5)
- Notre Dame Law School (5)
-
- University of Georgia School of Law (5)
- Vanderbilt University Law School (5)
- Columbia Law School (4)
- University of Cincinnati College of Law (4)
- Georgetown University Law Center (3)
- University of Colorado Law School (3)
- Duquesne University (2)
- Osgoode Hall Law School of York University (2)
- Touro University Jacob D. Fuchsberg Law Center (2)
- Valparaiso University (2)
- Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law (2)
- BLR (1)
- Emory University School of Law (1)
- Florida State University College of Law (1)
- Fordham Law School (1)
- Roger Williams University (1)
- Schulich School of Law, Dalhousie University (1)
- Seattle University School of Law (1)
- SelectedWorks (1)
- St. John's University School of Law (1)
- The Catholic University of America, Columbus School of Law (1)
- The University of Akron (1)
- University of Arkansas at Little Rock William H. Bowen School of Law (1)
- University of Baltimore Law (1)
- University of Missouri School of Law (1)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- West Virginia Law Review (13)
- Pepperdine Law Review (10)
- Faculty Scholarship (5)
- Law Faculty Publications (5)
- Scholarly Works (5)
-
- Faculty Working Papers (4)
- Journal Articles (4)
- University of Cincinnati Law Review (4)
- Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law (4)
- Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works (3)
- Publications (3)
- All Faculty Scholarship (2)
- Faculty Publications (2)
- Osgoode Hall Law Journal (2)
- Richard W Garnett (2)
- Touro Law Review (2)
- Villanova Law Review (2)
- Akron Law Faculty Publications (1)
- Benjamin L. Berger (1)
- Catholic University Law Review (1)
- Dalhousie Law Journal (1)
- Eloisa C Rodríguez-Dod (1)
- ExpressO (1)
- Faculty Articles (1)
- Florida State University Journal of Transnational Law & Policy (1)
- John C. Eastman (1)
- Law Faculty Scholarship (1)
- Mark D. Rosen (1)
- Northwestern University Law Review (1)
- Notre Dame Law Review (1)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 96
Full-Text Articles in Law
Who Is A Minister? Originalist Deference Expands The Ministerial Exception, Jared C. Huber
Who Is A Minister? Originalist Deference Expands The Ministerial Exception, Jared C. Huber
Notre Dame Law Review
The ministerial exception is a doctrine born out of the Religion Clauses of the First Amendment that shields many religious institutions’ employment decisions from review. While the ministerial exception does not extend to all employment decisions by, or employees of, religious institutions, it does confer broad—and absolute—protection. While less controversy surrounds whether the Constitution shields religious institutions’ employment decisions to at least some extent, much more debate surrounds the exception’s scope, and perhaps most critically, which employees fall under it. In other words, who is a "minister" for purposes of the ministerial exception?
Inactive Exercise & Unequal Protection: Espinoza & Carson Under The Equal Protection Clause, Griffith B. Bludworth
Inactive Exercise & Unequal Protection: Espinoza & Carson Under The Equal Protection Clause, Griffith B. Bludworth
University of Cincinnati Law Review
No abstract provided.
Education, The First Amendment, And The Constitution, Erwin Chemerinsky
Education, The First Amendment, And The Constitution, Erwin Chemerinsky
University of Cincinnati Law Review
No abstract provided.
School Matters, Ronna Greff Schneider
School Matters, Ronna Greff Schneider
University of Cincinnati Law Review
No abstract provided.
When Life Begins: A Case Study Of The Unitarian Universalism Faith And Its Potential To Combat Anti-Abortion Legislation, Jennifer O'Rourke
When Life Begins: A Case Study Of The Unitarian Universalism Faith And Its Potential To Combat Anti-Abortion Legislation, Jennifer O'Rourke
University of Cincinnati Law Review
No abstract provided.
Analysis Of Carson V. Makin, Wilson Huhn
Analysis Of Carson V. Makin, Wilson Huhn
Law Faculty Publications
Many school districts in the State of Maine lack high schools, so the children in those districts must attend another school selected by their parents. In 1873 the State of Maine enacted a tuition assistance program that offers a stipend to participating schools to partially defray the cost of educating children from districts that lack a high school. In 1981 the State of Maine enacted a law that categorically excludes sectarian schools’ from participating in the tuition assistance program.
Three sets of parents sued the Commissioner of the Maine Department of Education, asserting that the exclusion of sectarian schools, from …
Foreword: New Supreme Court Cases: Duquesne Law Faculty Explains, Wilson Huhn
Foreword: New Supreme Court Cases: Duquesne Law Faculty Explains, Wilson Huhn
Law Faculty Publications
On September 30, 2022, several members of the faculty of the Thomas R. Kline School of Law of Duquesne University presented a Continuing Legal Education program, New Supreme Court Cases: Duquesne Law Faculty Explains, reviewing these developments. Duquesne Law Review graciously invited the faculty panel to contribute their analysis of these cases from the Supreme Court's 2021- 2022 term for inclusion in this symposium issue of the Law Review.
Deities’ Rights?, Deepa Das Acevedo
Deities’ Rights?, Deepa Das Acevedo
Faculty Articles
A brief commotion arose during the hearings for one of twenty-first-century India’s most widely discussed legal disputes, when a dynamic young attorney suggested that deities, too, had constitutional rights. The suggestion was not absurd. Like a human being or a corporation, Hindu temple deities can participate in litigation, incur financial obligations, and own property. There was nothing to suggest, said the attorney, that the same deity who enjoyed many of the rights and obligations accorded to human persons could not also lay claim to some of their constitutional freedoms. The lone justice to consider this claim blandly and briefly observed …
The Dilemma Of Liberal Pluralism, Abner S. Greene
The Dilemma Of Liberal Pluralism, Abner S. Greene
Faculty Scholarship
Supporters of reproductive rights and of queer rights may sometimes live in harmony with advocates for religious exemptions. But sometimes these goals conflict. This Article explores this tension as a matter of liberal democratic theory and U.S. constitutional law, offering a case for seeing a robust pluralism as contained within a proper understanding of the liberal democratic state. The state’s claimed authority may be the starting point, but just as the modern state was born in decentralized religious toleration, so should the modern state accommodate religious and other views of the good that compete with the state’s own views. The …
Taking Justification Seriously: Proportionality, Strict Scrutiny, And The Substance Of Religious Liberty, Stephanie H. Barclay, Justin Collings
Taking Justification Seriously: Proportionality, Strict Scrutiny, And The Substance Of Religious Liberty, Stephanie H. Barclay, Justin Collings
Journal Articles
Last term, five Justices on the Supreme Court flirted with the possibility of revisiting the Court’s First Amendment test for when governments must provide an exemption to a religious objector. But Justice Barrett raised an obvious, yet all-important question: If the received test were to be revised, what new test should take its place? The competing interests behind this question have be-come even more acute in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. In a moment rife with lofty rhetoric about religious liberty but riven by fierce debates about what it means in practice, this Article revisits a fundamental question common to …
Equal, But Only Conceptually: Explaining The Phenomenon Of Religious Losses In Contemporary Canadian Constitutional Cases Involving Conflicting Rights, Mike Madden
Dalhousie Law Journal
If there is no hierarchy of rights in Canada, then why does freedom of religion so often seem to lose in cases of conflicts with other rights? This article discusses five recent Canadian cases (involving same-sex marriages, controversial medical practices, the wearing of a niqab, and a Christian university’s sexual conduct policy) in order to expose how the courts regularly characterize freedom of religion as being conceptually equal to other rights, before ruling against freedom of religion on the facts of the particular cases. This phenomenon within Canadian rights jurisprudence is then justified within the article by reference to a …
George R. R. Martin's Faith Militant In Modern America: The Establishment Clause And A State's Ability To Delegate Policing Powers To Private Police Forces Operated By Religious Institutions, Andrew Gardner
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
Since the very founding of the United States, the complex relationship between government and religion has troubled and concerned lawmakers. The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution was one of the first attempts to help define and restrain the government's role in that nexus. Thomas Jefferson, in a letter praising the Establishment Clause, famously wrote that the clause "buil[t] a wall of separation between Church [and] State." However, the extent of the protections that the Establishment Clause was intended to provide is unclear, and judges as well as legal scholars have struggled with interpreting the …
Table Of Contents, Seattle University Law Review
Table Of Contents, Seattle University Law Review
Seattle University Law Review
Table of Contents and Special Thanks.
Establishment Of Religion Supreme Court Appellate Division Third Department
Establishment Of Religion Supreme Court Appellate Division Third Department
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
Rfra As Legislative Entrenchment, Branden Lewiston
Rfra As Legislative Entrenchment, Branden Lewiston
Pepperdine Law Review
When there is a conflict between two federal statutes, the more recent statute overrides the past statute. However, courts have used the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA) to preempt federal laws passed after it. Normally that is the role of constitutional provisions, not statutes. RFRA has been subject to much constitutional criticism, but its attempt to control subsequent federal law has drawn little attention. Courts use RFRA to trump subsequent federal statutes without second thought. This Essay draws on legislative entrenchment doctrine to argue that this feature of RFRA is unconstitutional. RFRA should be used to strike down prior laws …
Between Description And Prescription: Law, Wittgenstein, And Constitutional Faith, Gregory Brazeal
Between Description And Prescription: Law, Wittgenstein, And Constitutional Faith, Gregory Brazeal
West Virginia Law Review
The occasions on which ajudge or legal scholar has peered into the depths of the Constitution and found, to her surprise, that the Constitutionrequiresthe opposite ofher ideologicalpreferences, are extremely rare. Yetjudges andscholarscontinuetopresenttheirconclusionsastheproduct ofideologicallyneutralreasoning,while often criticizingthe ideologicalbiasin thereasoningoftheiropponents.A Wittgensteinianperspectiveonthenatureof legaldiscoursecanshed lighton thispuzzlinglypersistentstateofaffairs. Legal discourse, includingconstitutionalargument, is partly defined by the blending ofdescriptive reasoningabout what the law is with prescriptivereasoningabout what the law ought to be. To reach a legal conclusion based on a blend of descriptiveandprescriptivereasoning,andtophrasethis conclusion aspurely descriptive, as legal actors habitually do, is not to violate the rules of legal discourse, but to abide by them. Taking this conception …
Catholic Institutions In Court: The Religion Clauses And Political-Legal Compromise, Angela C. Carmella
Catholic Institutions In Court: The Religion Clauses And Political-Legal Compromise, Angela C. Carmella
West Virginia Law Review
No abstract provided.
Tears In Heaven: Religiously And Culturally Sensitive Laws For Preventing The Next Pandemic, Eloisa C. Rodriguez-Dod, Aileen Maria Marty, Elena Maria Marty-Nelson
Tears In Heaven: Religiously And Culturally Sensitive Laws For Preventing The Next Pandemic, Eloisa C. Rodriguez-Dod, Aileen Maria Marty, Elena Maria Marty-Nelson
Eloisa C Rodríguez-Dod
This Article argues that laws created to curtail the spread of deadly contagious diseases need to be drafted and implemented in ways that maximize acceptance of an affected communities’ cultural and religious beliefs. When laws are put in place that are inconsistent with community mores, the overall goal of stopping an epidemic is threatened. Communities often distrust government and other relief organizations who mandate rules and regulations that impinge their religious and cultural beliefs; thus, these regulations geared at helping communities can paradoxically undermine the goal of preventing the spread of infectious disease. This Article focuses on the need for …
Tears In Heaven: Religiously And Culturally Sensitive Laws For Preventing The Next Pandemic, Eloisa C. Rodriguez-Dod, Aileen Maria Marty, Elena Maria Marty-Nelson
Tears In Heaven: Religiously And Culturally Sensitive Laws For Preventing The Next Pandemic, Eloisa C. Rodriguez-Dod, Aileen Maria Marty, Elena Maria Marty-Nelson
Catholic University Law Review
This Article argues that laws created to curtail the spread of deadly contagious diseases need to be drafted and implemented in ways that maximize acceptance of an affected communities’ cultural and religious beliefs. When laws are put in place that are inconsistent with community mores, the overall goal of stopping an epidemic is threatened. Communities often distrust government and other relief organizations who mandate rules and regulations that impinge their religious and cultural beliefs; thus, these regulations geared at helping communities can paradoxically undermine the goal of preventing the spread of infectious disease.
This Article focuses on the need for …
Applying Strict Scrutiny: An Empirical Analysis Of Free Exercise Cases, Caleb C. Wolanek, Heidi H. Liu
Applying Strict Scrutiny: An Empirical Analysis Of Free Exercise Cases, Caleb C. Wolanek, Heidi H. Liu
All Faculty Scholarship
Strict scrutiny and the free exercise of religion have had an uneasy relationship in American jurisprudence. In this Article, we trace the history of strict scrutiny in free exercise cases and outline how it applies today. Then, using a unique dataset of cases from a 25-year period, we detail the characteristics of these cases. Finally, we discuss the implications for future cases. Our research indicates that even though claimants currently win a large percentage of cases, those victories might not be durable.
The Free Exercise Of Religious Identity, Lauren Sudeall
The Free Exercise Of Religious Identity, Lauren Sudeall
Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications
In recent years, a particular strain of argument has arisen in response to decisions by courts or the government to extend certain rights to others. Grounded in religious freedom, these arguments suggest that individuals have a right to operate businesses or conduct their professional roles in a manner that conforms to their religious identity. For example, as courts and legislatures have extended the right to marry to same-sex couples, court clerks have refused to issue marriage certificates to such couples, claiming that to do so would violate their religious beliefs. Similarly, corporations have refused, for reasons grounded in religious identity, …
Why Some Religious Accommodations For Mandatory Vaccinations Violate The Establishment Clause, Hillel Y. Levin
Why Some Religious Accommodations For Mandatory Vaccinations Violate The Establishment Clause, Hillel Y. Levin
Scholarly Works
All states require parents to inoculate their children against deadly diseases prior to enrolling them in public schools, but the vast majority of states also allow parents to opt out on religious grounds. This religious accommodation imposes potentially grave costs on the children of non-vaccinating parents and on those who cannot be immunized. The Establishment Clause prohibits religious accommodations that impose such costs on third parties in some cases, but not in all. This presents a difficult line-drawing problem. The Supreme Court has offered little guidance, and scholars are divided.
This Article addresses the problem of religious accommodations that impose …
Adjudicating Religious Sincerity, Nathan Chapman
Adjudicating Religious Sincerity, Nathan Chapman
Scholarly Works
Recent disputes about the “contraception mandate” under the Affordable Care Act and about the provision of goods and services for same-sex weddings have drawn attention to the law of religious accommodations. So far, however, one of the requirements of a religious accommodation claim has escaped sustained scholarly attention: a claimant must be sincere. Historically, scholars have contested this requirement on the ground that adjudicating religious sincerity requires government officials to delve too deeply into religious questions, something the Establishment Clause forbids. Until recently, however, the doctrine was fairly clear: though the government may not evaluate the objective accuracy or plausibility …
Dissecting The Hybrid Rights Exception: Should It Be Expanded Or Rejected?, David H. Hudson Jr., Emily H. Harvey
Dissecting The Hybrid Rights Exception: Should It Be Expanded Or Rejected?, David H. Hudson Jr., Emily H. Harvey
University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review
No abstract provided.
Islamic Law And Constitution-Making: The Authoritarian Temptation And The Arab Spring, Mohammad Fadel
Islamic Law And Constitution-Making: The Authoritarian Temptation And The Arab Spring, Mohammad Fadel
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
In the wake of the Egyptian military coup of 3 July 2013, much commentary has focused on the religious-secular divide in Egypt as the principal division that laid the groundwork for the subsequent coup. Less attention has been paid to the profound divisions within religiously-minded Egyptian political actors regarding whether democratic or authoritarian government is more desirable from a religious perspective. This article explores the division between Islamist supporters of a “republican” conception of a modern Muslim constitutional and religious order, and Islamist supporters of an “authoritarian” conception of constitutional government in alliance with a state-supported religious establishment. The article …
Brief For Catholics For Choice Et Al. As Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents, Zubik V. Burwell, Leslie C. Griffin
Brief For Catholics For Choice Et Al. As Amici Curiae Supporting Respondents, Zubik V. Burwell, Leslie C. Griffin
Supreme Court Briefs
No abstract provided.
To Accommodate Or Not To Accommodate: (When) Should The State Regulate Religion To Protect The Rights Of Children And Third Parties?, Hillel Y. Levin, Allan J. Jacobs, Kavita Arora
To Accommodate Or Not To Accommodate: (When) Should The State Regulate Religion To Protect The Rights Of Children And Third Parties?, Hillel Y. Levin, Allan J. Jacobs, Kavita Arora
Scholarly Works
When should we accommodate religious practices? When should we demand that religious groups instead conform to social and legal norms? Who should make these decisions, and how? These questions lie at the very heart of our contemporary debates in the field of Law and Religion.
Particularly thorny issues arise where religious practices may impose health-related harm to children within a religious group or to third parties. Unfortunately, legislators, scholars, courts, ethicists, and medical practitioners have not offered a consistent way to analyze such cases and the law is inconsistent. This Article suggests that the lack of consistency is a troubling …
No Free Lunch, But Dinner And A Movie (And Contraceptives For Dessert)?, John C. Eastman
No Free Lunch, But Dinner And A Movie (And Contraceptives For Dessert)?, John C. Eastman
John C. Eastman
"Simply A Constitutional Legal Question?": Law, Religion And The Modern State, Benjamin L. Berger
"Simply A Constitutional Legal Question?": Law, Religion And The Modern State, Benjamin L. Berger
Benjamin L. Berger
Benjamin L. Berger, Associate Professor at Osgoode Hall Law School, on key questions about law, religion, and social change.
Is It Unconstitutional To Prohibit Faith-Based Schools From Becoming Charter Schools?, Stephen D. Sugarman
Is It Unconstitutional To Prohibit Faith-Based Schools From Becoming Charter Schools?, Stephen D. Sugarman
Stephen D Sugarman
This article argues that it is unconstitutional for state charter school programs to preclude faith-based schools from obtaining charters. First, the “school choice” movement of the past 50 years is described, situating charter schools in that movement. The current state of play of school choice is documented and the roles of charter schools, private schools (primarily faith-based schools), and public school choice options are elaborated. In this setting I argue a) based on the current state of the law it would not be unconstitutional (under the First Amendment’s Establishment Clause) for states to elect to make faith-based schools eligible for …