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Full-Text Articles in Law
The Qualities Of Completeness: More? Or Less?, Mark R. Killenbeck
The Qualities Of Completeness: More? Or Less?, Mark R. Killenbeck
Michigan Law Review
On January 14, 1983, Chief Judge W. Brevard Hand announced what he knew would be widely regarded as a rather startling proposition. Believing that "[t]he first amendment in large part was a guarantee to the states which insured that the states would be able to continue whatever church-state relationship existed in 1791," Judge Hand held that the people of Alabama were perfectly free to "establish[] a religion," in this instance by allowing public school teachers to begin the school day with prayer. The ruling reversed an earlier decision in the same case, which characterized the statutory provision at issue as …
Bucci: Chiesa E Stato: Church-State Relations In Italy Within The Contemporary Constitutional Framework, Jonathan Weiss
Bucci: Chiesa E Stato: Church-State Relations In Italy Within The Contemporary Constitutional Framework, Jonathan Weiss
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Chiesa e State: Church-State Relations in Italy Within the Contemporary
Kauper: Religion And The Constitution, Wilber G. Katz
Kauper: Religion And The Constitution, Wilber G. Katz
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Religion and the Constitution. By Paul G. Kauper.
Giannella: Religion And The Public Order, Rev. Robert F. Drinan S. J.
Giannella: Religion And The Public Order, Rev. Robert F. Drinan S. J.
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Religion and the Public Order. An Annual Review of Church and State and of Religion, Law and Society, The Institute of Church and State, Villanova University School of Law. Edited by Donald A. Giannella.
Public Control Of Private Sectarian Institutions Receiving Public Funds, Richard B. Rogers
Public Control Of Private Sectarian Institutions Receiving Public Funds, Richard B. Rogers
Michigan Law Review
This comment will examine the recent judicial and legislative developments which could result in federal controls limiting religious practices in private sectarian educational and welfare institutions.
The Establishment Clause And The Ecumenical Movement, Robert C. Casad
The Establishment Clause And The Ecumenical Movement, Robert C. Casad
Michigan Law Review
In recent years the Roman Catholic Church has begun to give tentative official support to the view that eventual reconciliation with the Protestants is feasible and desirable. The acceptance of the ecumenical ideal by the Roman Catholic Church removes virtually all doubt that in the ecumenical movement organized Christianity is facing an upheaval of major importance, comparable perhaps to the Reformation. It is not likely to lose force after a few years, as so many minor religious movements do. It is definitely under way, gaining momentum year by year. It is bound to have far-reaching effects and give rise to …
The EngelCase From A Swiss Perspective, F. William O'Brien
The EngelCase From A Swiss Perspective, F. William O'Brien
Michigan Law Review
On June 25, 1962, the Supreme Court of the United States held that the State of New York, by using its public school system to encourage recitation of a prayer during classroom hours, had adopted a practice wholly inconsistent with that clause of the first amendment, applicable to the states by virtue of the fourteenth amendment, which prohibits laws respecting an establishment of religion. The opinion of the Court, written by Mr. Justice Black for himself and four other Justices, is interesting in that he rests the Court's decision exclusively upon the establishment clause. In previous decisions, the Court had …
Taxation-Federal Income Tax-Religious Order Not Exempt From Supplment U Tax As A Church, Alan Rothenberg
Taxation-Federal Income Tax-Religious Order Not Exempt From Supplment U Tax As A Church, Alan Rothenberg
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, a non-profit, membership corporation consists of members of the Christian Brothers Order, and was established to furnish religious and secular education to youth. The Catholic Church considers religious instruction to be the performance of a church function, and property of the Christian Brothers Order is church property according to Roman Catholic canon law. During the taxable years in question plaintiff owned and operated a novitiate, Catholic schools, homes for the Brothers, and a winery and distillery. Plaintiff was assessed and paid $489,800.83 as a Supplement U tax on its unrelated business income realized from the winery and distillery operation. …
Constitutional Law - Separation Of Church And State - Bible Reading In The Public Schools, Henry B. Pearsall
Constitutional Law - Separation Of Church And State - Bible Reading In The Public Schools, Henry B. Pearsall
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiffs, as parents of children in the public school system, sought to enjoin and have declared unconstitutional the practice of reading aloud to students each day ten verses of the Holy Bible as required by a Pennsylvania statute. The plaintiffs contended that this practice constituted an establishment of religion and a prohibition of the free exercise thereof and was therefore a violation of rights guaranteed by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. By a three-judge district court, held, for plaintiffs. The statute violated the United States Constitution because the Bible is essentially a religious book and the …
Constitutional Law - Separation Of Church And State - Bible Reading In The Public Schools, Frederic F. Brace Jr.
Constitutional Law - Separation Of Church And State - Bible Reading In The Public Schools, Frederic F. Brace Jr.
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiff, as a citizen, taxpayer, and parent of school children, sought an injunction to restrain the defendant school board from allowing school teachers to read the Bible aloud to students as required by a Tennessee statute. The plaintiff contended that this practice was offensive to him and in violation of the Tennessee and United States Constitutions. The trial court sustained defendant's demurrer. On appeal, held, affirmed. The statute violates neither constitution because it is not an interference with students' or parents' religious beliefs. Carden v. Bland, (Tenn. 1956) 288 S. W. (2d) 718.
Constitutional Law - Church And State - Statute Requiring Religion To Be Taken Into Consideration In Adoption, David W. Swanson
Constitutional Law - Church And State - Statute Requiring Religion To Be Taken Into Consideration In Adoption, David W. Swanson
Michigan Law Review
ln 1951, a Jewish couple obtained custody of illegitimate twins who were then two weeks old. In 1954, the couple formally sought to adopt the children. Although petitioners were otherwise qualified to act as parents, a Massachusetts statute provides that "in making orders for adoption, the judge when practicable must give custody only to persons of the same religious faith as that of the child." The twins' natural mother was Catholic but had consented in writing to adoption by the petitioners and to rearing of the children in the Jewish faith. The lower court found that several Catholic couples had …
Released Time And Religious Liberty: A Further Reply, Paul G. Kauper
Released Time And Religious Liberty: A Further Reply, Paul G. Kauper
Michigan Law Review
In his "Reply" to the writer's review of his excellent book, Mr. Pfeffer has singled out the part of the review in which the writer discussed the released-time problem and the position taken by Mr. Pfeffer with respect thereto. To prolong the arguments over this matter in the pages of this Review would he unprofitable, hut the writer feels that a few comments on Mr. Pfeffer's reply would not he out of order.
Release Time And Religious Liberty: A Reply, Leo Pfeffer
Release Time And Religious Liberty: A Reply, Leo Pfeffer
Michigan Law Review
In his generous article-review of this writer's book, Church, State, and Freedom, Paul G. Kauper justified the decision of the United States Supreme Court in Zorach v. Clauson on the basis of its prior decision in Pierce v. Society of Sisters. In the Pierce case, it will be remembered, the Supreme Court invalidated an Oregon statute whose purpose it was to require attendance of all children at public schools. In Zorach v. Clauson, the Court upheld the validity of a New York statute that permitted public schools to release children for one hour weekly to receive religious …