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Full-Text Articles in Law
Bilateral Breakdown: U.S. – Canada Pollution Disputes, Noah D. Hall
Bilateral Breakdown: U.S. – Canada Pollution Disputes, Noah D. Hall
Noah D Hall
The United States and Canada have one of the strongest bilateral relationships in the world, and the history of cooperation and diplomacy on environmental matters has been a major part of their relationship. However, as some recent efforts to resolve U.S.- Canadian pollution disputes through diplomacy and international law have failed, environmental advocates have looked to domestic litigation in U.S. courts to vindicate their rights. Is this a welcome development for environmental protection or a troubling trend for bilateral diplomacy? This essay explores the recent developments with a historical perspective and provides some recommendations for balancing the competing interests of …
Freedom Of The City: Canadian Cities And The Quest For Governmental Status, Ron Levi, Mariana Valverde
Freedom Of The City: Canadian Cities And The Quest For Governmental Status, Ron Levi, Mariana Valverde
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
Until recently, Canadian cities were limited to the legal powers explicitly prescribed by provinces (the U.S.-based Dillon's Rule). Despite much talk about a "new deal for cities," recent changes to municipal legislation do little to empower municipalities to define and govern local problems, although courts appear somewhat willing to expand the scope of cities' authority. Through two case studies involving the City of Toronto, we demonstrate that even after the overhaul of provincial municipal acts, cities still lack the necessary legal tools and the legal flexibility to respond to pressing urban needs.