Law Commons^™

The Protection Of Student Data Privacy In Wisconsin School Board Policies, Curtis Clyde Rees

Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences

American schools have increasingly adopted technology resources to fulfill their educational obligations. These tools are for instruction, communication, and storing and analyzing student information. Student data can be directory information, enrollment records, achievement data, and student-created products. This increased utilization began with the passage of No Child Left Behind in 2001, and the COVID-19 pandemic led to more educational technology use of student data. Districts turned to third-party vendors for assistance with data systems and virtual learning resources. Before, during, and after the pandemic, stakeholders were concerned about information security and the students' privacy. School leaders looked to federal regulations …

Digitizing The Fourth Amendment: Privacy In The Age Of Big Data Policing, Charles E. Volkwein

Privacy Certificate Student Publications

Today’s availability of massive data sets, inexpensive data storage, and sophisticated analytical software has transformed the capabilities of law enforcement and created new forms of “Big Data Policing.” While Big Data Policing may improve the administration of public safety, these methods endanger constitutional protections against warrantless searches and seizures. This Article explores the Fourth Amendment consequences of Big Data Policing in three parts. First, it provides an overview of Fourth Amendment jurisprudence and its evolution in light of new policing technologies. Next, the Article reviews the concept of “Big Data” and examines three forms of Big Data Policing: Predictive Policing …

How General Data Protection Regulation Advances And Harmonizes The International Controller, Processor And Data Subject Contracts, Azam Zarechahoki

Theses and Dissertations

In the technology and digital era, data is used daily by all businesses including insurance companies, banks, and social media sites. Many companies are involved in processing individuals’ data and data could easily be transferred from one website to another which might be in another country. In fact, there are no borders in cyberspace. Generally, personal data refers to any information relating to individuals including name, address, and credit card numbers. In the cyber environment, it is challenging for people to take control of their personal information and avoid being tracked online. Data protection law is the safeguard to protect …

Revenge Porn: The Result Of A Lack Of Privacy In An Internet-Based Society, Shelbie M. Mora

Privacy Certificate Student Publications

This paper is about revenge porn statutes within and outside of the United States and their privacy consequences to victims. This paper focuses heavily on two state laws and reviews a case in each state and then explains the implications the ruling has on victims. With other countries' statutes, the paper primarily focuses on penalties for violations. To finish, there is a review of a failed proposed US statute and then I propose my own law and penalties.

Life's Not Fair. Is Life Insurance?, Mark A. Sayre

Privacy Certificate Student Publications

The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence by life insurance companies increases the risk that such practices may unfairly discriminate against insurance applicants based on race. The article briefly discusses the history of racial discrimination in life insurance pricing, followed by a summary of current antidiscrimination law. Next, proposed state legislation to address discrimination risks posed by artificial intelligence is discussed. Finally, the article discusses the potential that professional standards may provide a faster way to mitigate discrimination risk in a nationally uniform manner.

Leaning Into Chaos (Child's Health And Online Safety Act): Revision To Ftc's Enforcement Of Coppa & New Model Rule For Child Advertising, Gabrielle N. Schwartz

Privacy Certificate Student Publications

This article focuses on the need for a new model act introduced by the author (the Child’s Health and Online Safety Act) to amend the Child’s Online Privacy Protection Rule. First, to understand the landscape of existing child privacy protections, this article discusses the historical background of the Federal Trade Commission’s (FTC’s) authority to regulate child advertising. Furthermore, this article illustrates how the current law, the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Rule (COPPA), regulates entities who direct their websites or online services and advertising to children. Next, this article introduces case law that illustrates the weaknesses of COPPA. Finally, the focus …

حمایة الخصوصیة الرقمیة في ظل تطبیقات الذكاء الاصطناعي (دراسة تحلیلیة مقارنة), ریم غریب الشامسي

Theses

مع بزوغ عصر الثورة الصناعیة الرابعة (4IR)، تزامن ذلك مع وجود حقبة جدیدة في التطور التقني والتحول الرقمي والتي أصبحت فیھا التكنولوجیا جزءاً لا یتجزأ من المجتمعات، مما أدى إلى ازدیاد ظھور تطبیقات الذكاء الاصطناعي بشكل كبیر والتي دخلت في مجالات كثیرة في حیاتنا الیومیة، فأصبح الاستغناء عنھا ضرباً من الخیال، فنرى استخدامات الطائرات بدون طیار في مجال التجارة الإلكترونیة في إیصال السلع و الخدمات، والروبوتات الجراحیة في العملیات الدقیقة، و الاستشارات المھنیة والقانونیة عن بعد، و الحكومة الذكیة في استخدام التطبیقات الحكومیة المؤتمتة - من بینھا حكومة الإمارات بوضع استراتیجیة الحكومة الرقمیة لدولة الإمارات 2025 واستراتیجیة الإمارات للذكاء الاصطناعي-، …

Data Privacy Regulations In The United States, China, And The European Union, Charlsey A. Kelly

Honors College Theses

This paper compares and discusses the different data privacy regulations found in the United States, China, and the European Union. It is no secret that big tech companies like Facebook and Google continuously collect data on their users. The big question is what protections and rights one has as a consumer. The answer to this question differs when you are in different parts of the world. Currently the United States does not have a federal data privacy law, China recently adopted a new data privacy law called the Personal Information Protection Law, and the European Union has a data privacy …

Personal Data Privacy And Protective Federal Legislation: An Exploration Of Constituent Position On The Need For Legislation To Control Data Reliant Organizations Collecting And Monetizing Internet-Obtained Personal Data, Giovanni De Meo

Dissertations

In the past twenty years, the business of online personal data collection has grown at the same rapid pace as the internet itself, fostering a multibillion-dollar personal data collection and commercialization industry. Unlike many other large industries, there has been no major federal legislation enacted to monitor or control the activities of organizations dealing in this flourishing industry. The combination of these factors together with the lack of prior research encouraged this research designed to understand how much voters know about this topic and whether there is interest in seeing legislation enacted to protect individual personal data privacy.

To address …

The Commercialization Of Crime Solving: Ethical Implication Of Forensic Genetic Genealogy, Hannah Lee

Honors Theses

With the advancement of DNA technology and expansion of direct-to-consumer DNA services, a growing number of cold cases have been solved using a revolutionary new investigative method: familial DNA mapping. While the technique has been lauded by law enforcement as revolutionizing criminal identification, others are concerned by the privacy implications and impact on the family structure. In this thesis I will draw on communitarian, liberal rights, utilitarian, and social justice arguments for and against the practice. I conclude that this method has the potential to increase security and provide justice for victims and families, but absent comprehensive regulation and privacy …

أحكام المسؤولیة القانونیة للروبوت الطبي, زینب مسعود علي

Theses

تعتبر الروبوتات الطبیة من أحدث تقنیات الذكاء الاصطناعي، والتي یتم استخدامھا في العدید من المجالات الطبیة كروبوتات الرعایة الصحیة التي تعتني بكبار السن أو المعاقین، والروبوتات الجراحیة التي یتم استخدامھا في العملیات الجراحیة. وتثیر الروبوتات الطبیة العدید من الإشكالیات القانونیة، منھا ما یتعلق بالجوانب الأخلاقیة ومنھا ما یتعلق بالجوانب الاجتماعیة، والمسؤولیة عن الأخطاء الطبیة التي تسببھا الروبوتات.

وعلیھ یسلط ھذا البحث الضوء على موضوع الروبوتات الطبیة، والنظام العام والإطار القانوني لھذه الروبوتات والمسؤولیة المترتبة علیھا. ویعرض ھذا البحث للإطار القانوني الحالي لروبوتات العنایة الصحیة والروبوتات الجراحیة، وإسقاطھا على قانون المسؤولیة الطبیة في دولة الإمارات، والبحث في الطبیعة القانونیة والأساس القانوني …

A Review Of Data Protection Regulations And The Right To Privacy: The Case Of The Us And India, Chrisann Campbell

Dissertations and Theses

Since 1948 and the signing of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the concept of privacy has grown more complex with the rise of technology and a shift to the internet. In particular, the unregulated use of technologies that can capture individuals' personal data without their knowledge or consent poses a threat to their right to privacy and other additional human rights. The protection of the collection, storing, and transfer of users' personal data against data breaches also ensures that the right to privacy is guaranteed. Through examining two countries, the U.S. and India, on the idea of privacy, personal …

Privacy-As-Property: A New Fundamental Approach To The Right To Privacy And The Impact This Will Have On The Law And Corporations, Sevion Dacosta

CMC Senior Theses

The most popular conception of the right to privacy stems from Warren and Brandeis’s description of privacy as “the right to be left alone.” This theory ultimately points to a more fundamental approach to the right to privacy rooted in property rights. This fundamental approach - which I call privacy-as-property - is what I establish in this paper. I argue that the Lockean concept of property that “every man has a property in his own person” provides the foundation for the right to privacy. Privacy-as-property begins with the fundamental right to control oneself. Because of this intrinsic right, your property …

The Ethical Challenge For Hipaa’S Privacy Rule In The Genomics Era Of Data Analytics., Reem Shinawi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The thesis of this dissertation focuses on the Ethical Challenge for HIPAA’s Privacy Rule in the Genomics Era of Data Analytics. Data Analytics in Genomic Medicine challenges the individuals’ right to privacy. Hence, a balance is needed between the previous centrality of individual privacy and the need for population information to make breakthroughs in Genomic Medicine using Data Analytics. Such a problem demands regulatory solutions. And such solutions require the collaboration of professionals. Genomic Medicine is a field that deals with sensitive genetic information in both medicine, and research, it is essential to view it through HIPAA as it is …

Global Privacy Concerns Of Facial Recognition Big Data, Myranda Westbrook

Honors Theses

Facial recognition technology is a system of automatic acknowledgement that recognizes individuals by categorizing specific features of their facial structure to link the scanned information to stored data. Within the past few decades facial recognition technology has been implemented on a large scale to increase the security measures needed to access personal information. This has been specifically used in surveillance systems, social media platforms, and mobile device access control. The extensive use of facial recognition systems has created challenges as it relates to biometric information control and privacy concerns. This concern raises the cost and benefit analysis of an individual’s …

Privacy And Surveillance In The Workplace: Closing The Electronic Surveillance Gap, Christina Catenacci

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This dissertation argues that there is an electronic surveillance gap in the employment context in Canada, a gap that is best understood as an absence of appropriate legal provisions to regulate employers’ electronic surveillance of employees both inside and outside the workplace. This dissertation aims to identify and articulate principles and values that can be used to close the electronic surveillance gap in Canada and suggests that, through the synthesis of social theories of surveillance and privacy, together with analyses of privacy provisions and workplace privacy cases, a new and better workplace privacy regime can be designed. This dissertation uses …

Surveillance Technology Toward A Dystopian Future, Sandy Hernandez

University Honors Program Senior Projects

There is a continual debate between individuals who attempt to measure the individual’s right to privacy against the government’s right to know as an exchange to provide for the security of all citizens. Questions that demand an answer are whether the individual’s right to privacy outweighs the government’s duty to provide security; and if security is considered more important, can there even be a right to privacy. When questioning the right to privacy and state surveillance, there are three key goals. First, to investigate whether the human right to privacy should exist, considering the continued threat of terrorist attacks and …

What Consumers Don’T Know They’Re Giving Away (Data And Privacy Concerns), Bayleigh Reeves

Marketing Undergraduate Honors Theses

The modern world leverages technology and information captured by it in ways the inventors of these technologies likely never imagined. Phones and other devices are gathering information about consumers in the background when they do not even realize it. Pew Research Center found that about 77% of Americans own a smartphone and 88% use the internet. This mass access to technology and information tracking raises many privacy concerns. Basic demographic information is being tracked as well as more in-depth information like shopping tendencies, financial information, and information about known associates. While most of this data is being used for marketing …

التنظیم القانوني للطائرات بدون طیار, آمنة سعید خلفان بن مران الظاھري

Private Law Theses

خلال الفترة الماضية تعددت استخدامات الطائرات بدون طيار، وقطعت دولة الإمارات العربیة المتحدة أشواطا ھائلة في عملية تطوير الطائرات بدون طيار واستخدامھا لأغراض متعددة. ومزامنة مع الاستخدام المتعاظم لھذه التكنولوجيا الحديثة والتوسع في استخدامھا في العديد من المجالات لجلب النفع وتحقیق الرفاھیة للمجتمع، تظھر أھمیة بیان التنظيم القانوني الطائرات بدون طیار، وتسليط الضوء على المسؤولية عن أفعال ھذه الطائرات وما قد تسببھ من أضرار لأفراد المجتمع على نطاق واسع سواء في أجسادھم أو في ممتلكاتھم وحریاتھم، وذلك بھدف تحقیق التوازن بین الاھتمام بالسلامة البدنية والحاجة إلى تحفيز الابتكار وتطوير ھذه التقنیات الحدیثة.

تناولت ھذه الدراسة مفھوم الطائرات بدون طيار وأنواعھا، …

Governing The Internet: The Extraterritorial Effects Of The General Data Protection Regulation, Sasa Jovanovic

Honors Projects

The advent of the commercial Internet has introduced novel challenges to global governance because of the transnational nature of shared data flows, creating interdependence that may result in inter-state cooperation or competition. Data protection laws that are designed to ensure citizens’ right to privacy are one of the primary tool used by states to extend control over data flows. The European Union’s (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (2016) is widely regarded as the strongest data protection law in the world, and therefore may serve as a barrier to the openness of the Internet. The GDPR is both an instance of …

المسؤولیة المدنیة للمشغل النووي وفقا للمرسوم بقانون اتحادي رقم ( 4) لسنة 2012 في شأن المسؤولیة المدنیة عن الأضرار النوویة واتفاقیة فیینا لعام 1997بشأن المسؤولیة المدنیة عن الأضرار النوویة, إسماعیل إبراھیم صقر الحوسني

Private Law Theses

نظرا لمدى الأثار الجسيمة المترتبة على أضرار الحادث النووي من حیث الفداحة واتسا ع وسرعة انتشارها واتسامها بطابع الخفية، وتراخي نتائجھا الى المستقبل وما ينتج عن هذه الأارمن آثار سلبیة قد ترتقي الى درجة المأساویة، الأمر الذي وضع المشرع الإماراتي من أجلھ نظام قانوني مستحدث واستثنائى للمسؤوليةالمدنية عن الأضرار النووية يعتمد على المسؤولیة الموضوعیة كأساس للتعویض.

لذلك ھدفت ھذه الدراسة للتعريف على ماهية الفعل الضار للمشغل النووي وأحكام القانون المنظم لھذه المسؤولیة وھي المرسوم بقانون اتحادي رقم 4 لسنة 2012 بشأن المسؤولیة المدنیة عن الآضرار النووية والأساسيات التي وضعها الفقه والقانون في سبيل تقدير الخطأ النووي ومدى استحقاقھ للتعویض ومقدار …

Efficient Privacy-Aware Imagery Data Analysis, Yifan Tian

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The widespread use of smartphones and camera-coupled Internet of Thing (IoT) devices triggers an explosive growth of imagery data. To extract and process the rich contents contained in imagery data, various image analysis techniques have been investigated and applied to a spectrum of application scenarios. In recent years, breakthroughs in deep learning have powered a new revolution for image analysis in terms of effectiveness with high resource consumption. Given the fact that most smartphones and IoT devices have limited computational capability and battery life, they are not ready for the processing of computational intensive analytics over imagery data collected by …

حقوق المشتبه فیه في قانون الإجراءات الجزائية الاتحادي والقانون الإنجليزي (دراسة مقارنة), فیصل صالح محمد الخوري

Theses

تتناول ھذه الدراسة حقوق المشتبه فیه في مرحلة الاستدلال من خلال دراسة مقارنة بین قانون

الإجراءات الجزائية الإتحادي بالنظام الإنجليزي، وذلك بعرض سير الدعوى الجزائية فیھما،

وكفالة حقوق المشتبه فیه، وآلية ذلك في كلا النظامين، وبیان ما إذا استطعنا تحقيق الموازنة بین

الحقوق والحریات الفردیة وحق المجتمع بحفظ أمنه استقراره.

ولقد حاولتْ الدراسة الإجابة على ھذه الإشكالية من خلال تقسيم البحث إلى مبحث تمھیدي ھو:

ماھیة مرحلة الاستدلال وصول إلي ماھیة المشتبه فیه التطرق إلى معرفة ذلك لغة وفقھًا، ثم

تعریفھا في الاتفاقیات الدولة والتشريعات الأجنبية والعربية، أما الفصل الأول فيتناول حقوق

المشتبه فیه قبل وبعد تقیید حریته، والفصل الثاني …

“Going Dark” – The Challenge Facing Law Enforcement In The 21st Century, James Christie

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

The role of law enforcement on all levels is to prevent, detect, and investigate criminal activity. A fundamental function of law enforcement is to collect intelligence and evidence to combat criminal and terrorist activity. In numerous instances, intelligence and evidence of criminal activity appear in the form of communications and electronic data. To be effective, law enforcement requires the ability to intercept and access these communications and the electronic data pursuant to legal authority.

Protecting Online Privacy In The Digital Age: Carpenter V. United States And The Fourth Amendment's Third-Party Doctrine, Cristina Del Rosso

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The intent of this thesis is to examine the future of the third-party doctrine with the proliferation of technology and the online data we are surrounded with daily, specifically after the United States Supreme Court's decision in Carpenter v. United States. In order to better understand the Supreme Court's reasoning in that case, this thesis will review the history of the third-party doctrine and its roots in United States v. Miller and Smith v. Maryland. A review of Fourth Amendment history and jurisprudence is also crucial to this thesis, as it is imperative that individuals do not forfeit …

الرقابة القانونية على أعمال مجلس إدارة شركة المساهمة العامة (دراسة تحليلية نقدية في ظل قانون الشركات التجارية الإماراتي رقم 2 لسنة 2015), خالد صالح محمد عبدا لله القطبة

Private Law Theses

هدفت هذ الدراسة العلمية إلى التعرف على الرقابة القانونية على أعمال مجلس إدارة شركة المساهمة العامة في ظل قانون الشركات التجارية الإماراتي رقم (2) لسنة 2102. وقد تناولت الدراسة المنهج التحليلي النقدي، حيث تناولت آلية تشكيل مجلس إدارة شركة المساهمة العامة والنظام القانوني لعمل مجلس الإدارة وقمنا فيه بالتعرض لآلية تعيين وعزل مجلس الإدارة من خلال تعيين رئيس مجلس إدارة شركة المساهمة العامة ونائبة وكذا تعيين العضو المنتدب وشروط تعيين أعضاء مجلس الإدارة نهاية بعزل أعضاء مجلس الإدارة. ثم بينا بعد ذلك اختصاصات مجلس الإدارة وكذا مسؤولياته واجتماعاته ومدته انتهاء بمكافأة مجلس الإدارة وإصدار القرارات.

ثم بعد ذلك تعرضت بالدراسة …

Smart Devices In Criminal Investigations: How Section 8 Of The Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms Can Better Protect Privacy In The Search Of Technology And Seizure Of Information, Lee-Ann Conrod

LLM Theses

This thesis examines the jurisprudence from the Supreme Court of Canada (SCC) on informational privacy under section 8 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms as it relates to searches of technology in the context of criminal investigations. The development and use of technology in criminal investigations will be detailed along with an overview of the current state of the law in this area. Challenges with the interpretation of section 8 demonstrate a prevalent uncertainty. This thesis proposes a new approach for the SCC to apply to cases where technology intersects with section 8 of the Charter. The proposal …

الطعن في الأعمال الصادرة عن قاضي التنفيذ وفقا لقانون الإجراءات المدنية الإماراتي, سعيد سالم محمد الهنائي

Private Law Theses

The aim of this study is to highlight the method of appeal or appeal against judgments issued by the execution judge in accordance with UAE Civil Procedure Law. Where the executive judge in the UAE is characterized by the variety of actions that result from it: there are judicial acts in the form of judicial decisions issued in substantive disputes and temporary disputes, and the work of the state is in the form of a petition on a petition, and administrative work is the issuance of administrative decisions on the occasion of supervision of Implementation. The results of the study …

بيع العقار على الخارطة وَفق قوانين دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة دراسة مقارنة, موزة سويد سالم السعيدي

Private Law Theses

تهدف هذه الدراسة الي تسليط الضوء علي بيع عقار ما لا زال رسما هندسي ا تحت الانشاء سواء تم البدء فيه ولم يكتمل او لم يتم الشروع في بناءه، ومعرفة طبيعة العقد المبرم و مراحل تكوينه، و الوقوف علي حقوق اطراف العقد و الالتزامات الملقاه علي عاتقهما، للتقليل من مخاطر التعامل بمثل هذه العقود لعدم وجود الشئ المبيع وقت التعاقد، و هو علي خلاف العقود الاخري التي يقل فيها حدوث مثل هذه الاشكاليات لوجود الشئ المبيع وقت ابرام العقد، و ابراز اهمية البيع علي الخارطة و حاجه الانسان الي المأوي نظرا لقلة المعروض وما يتبعه من زيادة الطلب علي الوحدات …

The Sufficiency Of Information Privacy Protection In Saudi Arabia, Abdulaziz Almebrad

Maurer Theses and Dissertations

Since the technology revolution, the rules of privacy law have rapidly changed in many countries to keep pace with new privacy challenges. Surprisingly, Saudi Arabia has no specific data protection legislation. This does not necessarily mean that people’s personal information is totally unprotected. In fact, the legal system in Saudi Arabia relies on both Islamic jurisprudence and written laws. Sharia law, the paramount body of law in Saudi Arabia, places a high value on an individual's privacy and prohibits any invasions therein, except in very limited circumstances. Moreover, other provisions relating to the sanctity and safety of individuals’ personal data …