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Full-Text Articles in Law
Resolving Superfund Disputes Using Mediation, R. Konkel
Resolving Superfund Disputes Using Mediation, R. Konkel
Steve Konkel
Superfund clean-up disputes are difficult to resolve because they involve multiple issues in addition to multiple parties. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and waste generator negotiators often disagree about how to interpret technical or scientific information. Examples of difficult issues include company shares of the clean-up cost, potential threat to groundwater, and what environmental standards apply to clean-up; "how clean is clean" is not at all well understood. Industry typically focueses on fairness of the allocation of cost and liability and the cost and responsibility for clean-up.
Risk Management In The United States: Three Case Studies Dioxin Emissions And Trash-To-Energy Plants In New York City, R. Steven Konkel
Risk Management In The United States: Three Case Studies Dioxin Emissions And Trash-To-Energy Plants In New York City, R. Steven Konkel
Steve Konkel
New York City, the largest US municipality with a population of 12 million, presently generates 28,000 tons of garbage per day. Its main disposal facility Fresh Kills-is expected to be the only one of four presently operating landfills still in in use in 1987, and to be filled to capacity be 2001. Institutional, economic, and environmental obstacles severely restrict landfill options within the city, and ocean disposal of municipal solid waste is not considered feasible. In short, continued reliance on landfills to absorb the City's enormous volume of municpal waste is no longer considered viable.