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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Law
New York City School Decentralization, Barry D. Hovis
New York City School Decentralization, Barry D. Hovis
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The 1969 New York Education Act grew out of a movement demanding decentralization of the New York City school system. The ultimate goals of this movement were to: (1) encourage community awareness and participation in the development of educational policy, and (2) create sufficient flexibility in the school system to enable administrators to resolve the diverse needs of the varying communities within the city. Support for the plan arose out of more than a decade of dissatisfaction with the centralized system by educators, school administrators, and parents. Supporters of decentralization had pointed in particular to the failure of the centralized …
New York Minimum Wage Act For Migrant Workers, Karen E. Kuntz
New York Minimum Wage Act For Migrant Workers, Karen E. Kuntz
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The abject state in which most migrant workers in this country exist has recently become a matter of national concern. The increasing stridency of the migrants, personified by César Chavez in California, has resulted in recognition of the need for legislative assistance to rescue them from their plight. The migrant worker is unable to help himself, being burdened by a low annual income and an education level of only eight and a half years in school. In New York, the migrant's situation is aggravated by the powerful position of the crew leader or "farm labor contractor," who often determines workers' …
Michigan Compulsory Arbitration Act For Essential Services, William J. Rainey
Michigan Compulsory Arbitration Act For Essential Services, William J. Rainey
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
When Public Act 312 became effective on October 1, 1969, Michigan joined Rhode Island and Pennsylvania in permitting compulsory arbitration of unresolved labor disputes involving municipal police and firemen. Wyoming similarly provides for compulsory arbitration in fire department disputes. Passage of the Act was prompted by a desire to avoid the dire consequences of strikes or work stoppages by firefighters and policemen, and to provide a method by which the bargaining power of public service unions could be maintained in the absence of the strike privilege. Since Michigan had barred strikes by public employees in 1947, the unions felt that …
Informal Proceedings Under The Uniform Probate Code: Notice And Due Process, Roger A. Manlin, Richard A. Martens
Informal Proceedings Under The Uniform Probate Code: Notice And Due Process, Roger A. Manlin, Richard A. Martens
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The Uniform Probate Code's formal procedures, which require that notice be mailed or be personally delivered to interested parties prior to any formal proceeding, seem to offer little difficulty in terms of due process. However, the Uniform Probate Code's informal procedures, insofar as they encompass no-notice proceedings, have suffered some criticism." It is the purpose of this article to respond to these criticisms, and to demonstrate that the informal procedures of the Code as accepted by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws do in fact offer all interested persons adequate protection of their interests in an estate …
Collective Bargaining For Public Employees And The Prevention Of Strikes In The Public Sector, Michigan Law Review
Collective Bargaining For Public Employees And The Prevention Of Strikes In The Public Sector, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
In recent years, a number of states have enacted legislation providing collective bargaining rights for public employees. Almost invariably these statutes have reaffirmed the traditional prohibition against strikes by government workers. But the strike-or the threat of a strike-has been a key economic weapon for employees in the private sector, and some observers contend that without that weapon the new collective bargaining rights for public employees are illusory.
Labor Law--Until Congress Acts, Secondary Picketing By Unions Subject To The Railway Labor Act Is Protected Against State Proscription--Brotherhood Of Railroad Trainmen V. Jacksonville Terminal Company, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
In a major labor dispute between the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen and the Florida East Coast Railway Company (FEC), the parties, having exhausted all the procedures of the Railway Labor Act (RLA) for resolving a major dispute, resorted to self-help remedies. FEC unilaterally changed its operating employees' rates of pay, rules, and working conditions; and the union, in turn, called a strike and picketed peacefully at locations where FEC operated, including the premises of the Jacksonville Terminal Company, which served a number of other railroads. The avowed objective of the union's picketing was to cause the other carriers using the …
The Congressional Invitation To Avoid The Preliminary Hearing: An Analysis Of Section 303 Of The Federal Magistrates Act Of 1968, Patricia W. Weinberg, Robert L. Weinberg
The Congressional Invitation To Avoid The Preliminary Hearing: An Analysis Of Section 303 Of The Federal Magistrates Act Of 1968, Patricia W. Weinberg, Robert L. Weinberg
Michigan Law Review
Under prior law, it is true, many federal prosecutors routinely avoided preliminary hearings by securing continuances of the hearing date until after an indictment was obtained. But this ploy required a complaisant magistrate or an inert defendant. Moreover, the propriety of using continuances to circumvent the accused's right to a preliminary hearing had come under increasing and sometimes successful attack. Section 303, if literally construed, can legitimize the prosecutorial practice of mooting the defendant's right to a preliminary hearing under rule 5(c) by obtaining a relatively quick indictment. This predictable use or abuse of the Act should and can be …
Union Political Involvement And Reform Of Campaign Financing Regulation, George P. Macdonald
Union Political Involvement And Reform Of Campaign Financing Regulation, George P. Macdonald
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The spiraling costs of political campaigns 5 and the continuing significant role played by unions and corporations in the financing of those campaigns call for an examination of section 610's efficacy as a prohibitory statute. This article will focus on the use of labor union funds in the financial aspects of national politics. It will first discuss the loopholes in section 610: those loopholes created through narrow judicial interpretation of the statute and those resulting from its imprecise drafting. Particular emphasis will be placed upon an analysis of the sources of funds available to unions for political activities and the …
Wage Garnishment Should Be Prohibited, William T. Kerr
Wage Garnishment Should Be Prohibited, William T. Kerr
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Historically, the statutory treatment of wage garnishment among the states has been characterized primarily by its diversity. Although most states exempt a specified amount of a man's wage from the reach of his creditors, the dollar levels of these exemptions are as various as the methods chosen to compute the amount to be exempted. In addition, legislators, some union spokesmen and some legal commentators have become increasingly aware of the role of wage garnishment in the "debtor-spiral" of easy credit, discharge from employment, bankruptcy and welfare. Inevitably this spiral involves a disproportionate impact on the poor. Impelled by these concerned …
Contracts--Consideration--Inadequacy Of Consideration As A Factor In Determining Unconscionability Under Section 2-302 Of The Uniform Commercial Code, Michigan Law Review
Contracts--Consideration--Inadequacy Of Consideration As A Factor In Determining Unconscionability Under Section 2-302 Of The Uniform Commercial Code, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Section 2-302 of the Uniform Commercial Code (Code) provides that a court may refuse to enforce all or part of a contract if it finds that the contract, or any part of it, was unconscionable when made. In American Home Improvement, Inc. v. MacIver the Supreme Court of New Hampshire apparently held that a price substantially in excess of the value of the goods and services sold was sufficient in itself to constitute unconscionability under this provision of the Code. The high price was at least in part attributable to high time-credit charges, and, as noted by the court, the …
Labor Relations--Consumer Picketing Under Section 8(B) (4) (Ii) (B) Of The National Labor Relations Act--Honolulu Typographical Union, No. 37, I.T.U., A.F.L.-C.I.O. V. Nlrb, Michigan Law Review
Labor Relations--Consumer Picketing Under Section 8(B) (4) (Ii) (B) Of The National Labor Relations Act--Honolulu Typographical Union, No. 37, I.T.U., A.F.L.-C.I.O. V. Nlrb, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
The principal case is concerned generally with the problem of secondary activity by unions, and specifically with the application of a judicially created exception to the general prohibition against such activity. As originally written, section 8(b)(4) was intended to protect neutral employers from becoming involved in disputes between other employers and unions by prohibiting certain union activities. Among the practices forbidden was the traditional secondary boycott which arises when a union in a dispute with a primary employer brings pressure to bear on other employers (secondary employers), through their employees, to cease doing business with the primary. However, the statute …
State And Local Advisory Reports On Public Employment Labor Legislation: A Comparative Analysis, Russell A. Smith
State And Local Advisory Reports On Public Employment Labor Legislation: A Comparative Analysis, Russell A. Smith
Michigan Law Review
The reports surveyed in this Article will be designated by reference to the state or other governmental unit with which each is associated. The reports are, in chronological order, the Connecticut Report of February 1965, the Minnesota Report of March 1965, the Rhode Island Report of February 1966, the New York ("Taylor Committee") Report of March 1966, the Michigan Report of February 1967, the Illinois Report of March 1967, the New Jersey Report of January 1968, the Pennsylvania Report of June 1968, and the Los Angeles County Report of July 1968. The "findings" made by the National Governors' Conference Task …
Military Law--"In Time Of War" Under The Uniform Code Of Military Justice: An Elusive Standard, Michigan Law Review
Military Law--"In Time Of War" Under The Uniform Code Of Military Justice: An Elusive Standard, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This Note will present such an analysis, investigate the deficiencies of the current language in the Uniform Code of Military Justice, and suggest an alternative to the elusive standard that presently exists.
Labor Law--Res Judicata--The Applicability Of Res Judicata And Collateral Estoppel To Actions Brought Under Section 8(B) (4) Of The National Labor Relations Act, Michigan Law Review
Labor Law--Res Judicata--The Applicability Of Res Judicata And Collateral Estoppel To Actions Brought Under Section 8(B) (4) Of The National Labor Relations Act, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This Note is concerned primarily with the possibility of granting preclusive effect to the Board's determination of the issue of union liability under the section 8(b)(4) charge. Since traditional collateral estoppel principles must be adapted somewhat when applied to the Board's procedures, the preclusive effect given to the prior determination of liability will be referred to simply as "estoppel" in order to avoid confusion with the doctrine of collateral estoppel as it was developed in the courts.