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Articles 1 - 26 of 26
Full-Text Articles in Law
An Algorithmic Assessment Of Parole Decisions, Hannah Lacqueur, Ryan W. Copus
An Algorithmic Assessment Of Parole Decisions, Hannah Lacqueur, Ryan W. Copus
Faculty Works
Objectives: Parole is an important mechanism for alleviating the extraordinary social and financial costs of mass incarceration. Yet parole boards can also present a major obstacle, denying parole to low-risk inmates who could safely be released from prison. We evaluate a major parole institution, the New York State Parole Board, quantifying the costs of suboptimal decision-making.
Methods: Using ensemble Machine Learning, we predict any arrest and any violent felony arrest within three years to generate criminal risk predictions for individuals released on parole in New York from 2012–2015. We quantify the social welfare loss of the Board’s suboptimal decisions by …
Just Another Fast Girl: Exploring Slavery's Continued Impact On The Loss Of Black Girlhood, Mikah K. Thompson
Just Another Fast Girl: Exploring Slavery's Continued Impact On The Loss Of Black Girlhood, Mikah K. Thompson
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A troubling legacy of American chattel slavery is the justice system’s continued failure to provide adequate protection to African-American crime victims. This piece focuses on the law’s historic unwillingness to shield Black girls from acts of sexual violence. During slavery, lawmakers refused to criminalize rape committed against Black girls and women based not only on the fact that they were considered property but also on stereotypes about their sexuality. Even though the law now criminalizes the rape of Black girls, African-American rape survivors encounter more skepticism and hostility when they come forward with their stories compared to their White counterparts. …
Sexual Exploitation And The Adultified Black Girl, Mikah K. Thompson
Sexual Exploitation And The Adultified Black Girl, Mikah K. Thompson
Faculty Works
A troubling legacy of American chattel slavery is the justice system’s continued failure to provide adequate protection to African-American crime victims. This piece focuses on the law’s historic unwillingness to shield Black girls from acts of sexual violence. During slavery, lawmakers refused to criminalize rape committed against Black girls and women based not only on the fact that they were considered property but also on stereotypes about their sexuality. Even though the law now criminalizes the rape of Black girls, African-American rape survivors encounter more skepticism and hostility when they come forward with their stories compared to their White counterparts. …
Uniform Enforcement Or Personalized Law? A Preliminary Examination Of Parking Ticket Appeals In Chicago, Randall K. Johnson
Uniform Enforcement Or Personalized Law? A Preliminary Examination Of Parking Ticket Appeals In Chicago, Randall K. Johnson
Faculty Works
This article is one in a series of papers that sets the record straight about the type, quality and quantity of information that U.S. cities may employ, in order to make more informed policy decisions. It does so, specifically, by examining information that is collected by the City of Chicago. The goal is to gauge the uniformity, as well as the relative cost-effectiveness, of the parking ticket appeals process. The article has six (VI) parts. Part I is the introduction, which sets the stage for a preliminary examination of the parking ticket appeals process in Chicago. Part II describes the …
A Culture Of Silence: Exploring The Impact Of The Historically Contentious Relationship Between African-Americans And The Police, Mikah K. Thompson
A Culture Of Silence: Exploring The Impact Of The Historically Contentious Relationship Between African-Americans And The Police, Mikah K. Thompson
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The relationship between African-Americans and the police has traditionally been focused on authority, control, and the enforcement of laws we now acknowledge were racially discriminatory. This historical relationship, when combined with a modern-day narrative that the police disproportionately stop, arrest, and utilize deadly force against African-Americans, has resulted in pervasive, inter-generational fear and distrust of the police. Most African-Americans view police officers not as the heroic protectors they can call upon when in need of help or the hard-hitting investigators they would trust to look into a family member’s murder. Instead, many African-Americans believe police officers have bought into the …
Minding The Court: Enhancing The Decision-Making Process, Pamela Casey, Kevin Burke, Steve Leben
Minding The Court: Enhancing The Decision-Making Process, Pamela Casey, Kevin Burke, Steve Leben
Faculty Works
A compelling and growing body of research from the fields of cognitive psychology and neuroscience provides important insights about how we process information and make decisions. This research has great potential significance for judges, who spend much of their time making decisions of great importance to others. For most judges, this research literature is not part of their judicial education. This article reviews cutting edge research about decision making and discusses its implications for helping judges and those who work with them produce fair processes and just outcomes. It builds on a 2007 American Judges Association paper that encouraged judges …
Why Police Learn From Third-Party Data, Randall K. Johnson
Why Police Learn From Third-Party Data, Randall K. Johnson
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This essay argues that third-party data collection, particularly of administrative complaints and departmental audit information, holds greater promise than lawsuit data collection. It does so by asserting that third-party data collection is more useful for three reasons. First, third-party data collection prevents manipulation by individual police officers and law enforcement agencies. Second, it assures that police behavioral trends are actually identified. Lastly, third-party data collection helps to deter published § 1983 cases. The essay, however, only models and tests the final claim.
Do Police Learn From Lawsuit Data?, Randall K. Johnson
Do Police Learn From Lawsuit Data?, Randall K. Johnson
Faculty Works
A compelling new theory argues that lawsuit data collection has a deterrent effect on police misconduct. If this theory is correct, why has the number of police misconduct cases still increased over time? Does the trend continue if police departments consistently gather lawsuit data? A § 1983 dataset, which is introduced in this paper, provides an answer. This dataset shows that lawsuit data collection does not correlate with better deterrence of § 1983 cases. The dataset therefore indicates that police departments may not learn from lawsuit data.
Approaches To Protecting Victims Of Intimate Partner Violence In The United States And Ireland: People, Property, And Politics, Barbara Glesner Fines
Approaches To Protecting Victims Of Intimate Partner Violence In The United States And Ireland: People, Property, And Politics, Barbara Glesner Fines
Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
The Oklahoma City Bombing And The Trial Of Timothy Mcveigh, Douglas O. Linder
The Oklahoma City Bombing And The Trial Of Timothy Mcveigh, Douglas O. Linder
Faculty Works
A bomb carried in a Ryder truck exploded in front of the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City at 9:02 a.m. on April 19, 1995. The bomb claimed 168 innocent lives. That a homegrown, war-decorated American terrorist named Timothy McVeigh drove and parked the Ryder truck in the handicap zone in front of the Murrah Building there is little doubt. In 1997, a jury convicted McVeigh and sentenced him to death. The federal government, after an investigation involving 2,000 agents, also charged two of McVeigh's army buddies, Michael Fortier and Terry Nichols, with advance knowledge of the bombing and participation …
Finding Redemption: How Picking Up The Phone Can Change A Lawyer's Life, Sean O'Brien
Finding Redemption: How Picking Up The Phone Can Change A Lawyer's Life, Sean O'Brien
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The winner of the 2006 ABA Ross Essay Contest debated with himself whether to take a phone call from a death row inmate scheduled to be executed in 9 hours who turned out to be calling to request help for other prisoners. "As I hung up the phone, I experienced a profound awareness that no matter what each of us had previously done in our lives, at that moment Doyle Williams was a better human being than I. If a death row inmate can find redemption, maybe a lawyer can too."
Why Bivens Won't Die: The Legacy Of Peoples V. Cca Detention Centers, Lumen N. Mulligan
Why Bivens Won't Die: The Legacy Of Peoples V. Cca Detention Centers, Lumen N. Mulligan
Faculty Works
Interpreting recent Supreme Court precedent, the Tenth Circuit, in Peoples v. CCA Detention Centers, held that a federal prisoner confined in a privately run prison may not bring a Bivens suit against the employees of the private prison for violations of his constitutional rights when alternative state-law causes of action are available. The author first reviews the Supreme Court's evolving Bivens jurisprudence and turns next to an overview of the Tenth Circuit's opinion. Third, the author argues that, despite the Tenth Circuit's new approach, putative constitutional claims brought under state-law theories of recovery will often be re-federalized, producing uniform federal …
Compromise And Continuity: Miranda Waivers, Confession Admissibility, And The Retention Of Interrogation Protections, Mark Berger
Compromise And Continuity: Miranda Waivers, Confession Admissibility, And The Retention Of Interrogation Protections, Mark Berger
Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Juror Empathy And Race, Douglas O. Linder
Landlords As Cops: Tort, Nuisance & Forfeiture Standards Imposing Liability On Landlords For Crime On The Premises, Barbara Glesner Fines
Landlords As Cops: Tort, Nuisance & Forfeiture Standards Imposing Liability On Landlords For Crime On The Premises, Barbara Glesner Fines
Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Altruistic Communities And The Responsible Use Of Legal Power, John W. Ragsdale Jr
Altruistic Communities And The Responsible Use Of Legal Power, John W. Ragsdale Jr
Faculty Works
When an animate, conscious body - individual, collective, economic or political - is imbued with a strong central vision or focus, the ongoing actions of the body automatically become coordinated and subordinated to the dictates of that core imagery. When the center is affirmative and qualitative, then the body has a distinct capacity for self-sufficiency, endurance, and equilibrium. If, however, the central focus is negative or linear, then the capacity for internal homeostasis is greatly lessened. A core of fear, anger, or endless material craving can prompt the exercises of power that herein will be called irresponsible. Such exercises of …
Capital Punishment In Missouri: Recent Developments In The Interpretation And Administration Of The Death Penalty, Ellen Y. Suni
Capital Punishment In Missouri: Recent Developments In The Interpretation And Administration Of The Death Penalty, Ellen Y. Suni
Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
A Step Towards Fairness In Capital Litigation: Missouri Resource Center, Sean O'Brien
A Step Towards Fairness In Capital Litigation: Missouri Resource Center, Sean O'Brien
Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Addressing The Needs Of Attorneys For The Damned, Sean O'Brien
Addressing The Needs Of Attorneys For The Damned, Sean O'Brien
Faculty Works
This article is an introduction to the UMKC Law Review symposium issue dedicated to exploring the topic of capital punishment. UMKC Professor of Law Sean O’Brien shares how the growing importance of capital litigation makes this a timely and appropriate subject for consideration and shares how the university and the Law Review's attention to the death penalty debate contributes to more than just academic discussion.
Law And Environment In Modern America And Among The Hopi Indians: Comparison Of Values, John W. Ragsdale Jr
Law And Environment In Modern America And Among The Hopi Indians: Comparison Of Values, John W. Ragsdale Jr
Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
The Death Penalty, Ellen Y. Suni
The Death Penalty, Ellen Y. Suni
Faculty Works
In 1977, the Missouri legislature adopted a comprehensive statutory scheme defining capital murder and prescribing procedures to be utilized in imposing the death penalty in this state. After making minor revisions in the scheme, the legislature substantially revamped the homicide statutes in 1983. Included in this revision were changes in the definition of the substantive offense and revisions in the grounds and procedures for imposition of the death penalty. These legislative revisions and judicial interpretations have substantially broadened the class of defendants to whom the death penalty is applicable and substantially decreased the likelihood of successful appeal from a sentence …
When Names Are Not News, They're Negligence: Media Liability For Personal Injuries Resulting From The Publication Of Accurate Information, Douglas O. Linder
When Names Are Not News, They're Negligence: Media Liability For Personal Injuries Resulting From The Publication Of Accurate Information, Douglas O. Linder
Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Criminal Law: Homicide, Ellen Y. Suni
Criminal Law: Homicide, Ellen Y. Suni
Faculty Works
Substantive criminal law in Missouri has undergone substantial change in recent years. The most significant aspect of this change has been the adoption of the criminal code which discarded common law definitions of crime and redefined offenses in accord with the more modern Model Penal Code approach. Although the code's drafters recommended major revision of the homicide statutes, these revisions were not ultimately adopted and the Missouri homicide statutes retained their common law approach. A combination of United States Supreme Court decisions, legislative activity and Missouri cases decided during the last decade, however, have led to important developments in the …
Withdrawal Of Rights And Due Deference: The New Hands Off Policy In Correctional Litigation, Mark Berger
Withdrawal Of Rights And Due Deference: The New Hands Off Policy In Correctional Litigation, Mark Berger
Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Police Field Citations In New Haven, Mark Berger
Intrusion Into The Body, William G. Eckhardt
Intrusion Into The Body, William G. Eckhardt
Faculty Works
The thesis of this article is that the rights of servicemen should be protected with the search and seizure concepts of the fourth amendment rather than with the fifth amendment protection against self-incrimination when intrusive bodily searches are required. The Supreme Court enunciated standard for intrusion into the body found in Schmerber v. California, 384 U.S. 757 (1966). The subsequent application of this standard in the federal courts, and its adoption in the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States, 1969, (Rev.) are explored. Federal court decisions discussing the privilege against self-incrimination are contrasted with opinions of the Court of Military Appeals …