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- Civil Rights Act; Title VII; Employment Discrimination; McDonnell; Douglas; Ortiz; Nassar; evidence; evidentiary standard; retaliation claim; burden of proof; standard; but for; causation; jurisprudence; Seventh Circuit; employee (1)
- Class Action; Arbitration; National labor Relations Act; Fair Labor Standards Act; Mandatory Class Action Waiver; Federal Arbitration Act (1)
- Employee; employer; employment law; independent contractor; Fair Labor Standards Act; FLSA; economic realities; circular definition (1)
- Foreign law; comparative law; gig economy (1)
- Google; Charlottesville; Political speech; Political expression; Political discourse; Political activity; Political affiliation; Political opinion; Ideological advocacy; Marketplace of ideas; Free speech; Private employee; Private employer; First Amendment; Employment law; Labor law; Labor relations; National Labor Relations Act; Discrimination; Right; Twitter; Social media; Employer; State statute; Federal statute; Congress; Commerce Clause; Interstate commerce power; State action; Firing; Termination; Retaliation; Regulation; Expansion; At will or at-will; Mutuality of obligation; Protection; Protected trait; California; Virginia; South Carolina; Louisiana; West Virginia; New York; Censorship; Business interest; Freedom of association; Public policy; Self-expression; Democracy; Attribution; Ideology; Hate speech; Takings clause; Neo-Nazi; White supremacy; Technology; Unpopular speech (1)
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- Labor Law; Non-Compete agreements; No-Poaching Agreement; Antitrust Regulation; no-hire agreements; No-Switching Agreements; No Cold Call Agreements; Employment Law (1)
- New York City ; Free Lance Isn't Free; FIFA; Free Lance Contracts (1)
- New York; New York City; NY; NYC; Noncompetion Agreement; Noncompete; Proposed Legislation; Fair Employment; Restrictive Covenant; Employement; Employment Agreements; Contracts; Contract Law; (1)
- Pregancy Discrimination Act; Parental Leave; Parental Leave Policy; Title VII; Men; Parental Leave for Men; Title VII Claim; EEOC; Parental Bonding Leave; Employment Discrimination; Pregnancy-Related Disability Leave; Childbirth; Estee Lauder; JP Morgan; Family Medical Leave Act; Disability Period; Caregiver Leave; Primary Caregiver; Secondary Caregiver (1)
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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Law
The Price Is Rights: Getting The United Arab Emirates Up To International Speed In The Labor Law Department, Janae C. Cummings
The Price Is Rights: Getting The United Arab Emirates Up To International Speed In The Labor Law Department, Janae C. Cummings
Brooklyn Journal of International Law
Despite a rapidly growing economy and a tremendous accumulation of wealth, the United Arab Emirates has facilitated many human rights abuses against migrant workers from impoverished countries throughout the world. The UAE’s system of recruitment, payment and living conditions put already vulnerable populations in considerably worse economic conditions by exploiting their labor and creating significant barriers to challenging the unjust employment system. After being sold on the idea that migrating to the UAE would bring a semblance of economic advancement, many migrants find themselves in inhumane working conditions and debt from having to pay excessive amounts of money to recruitment …
Assesing The Gig Economy In Comparative Perspective: How Platform Work Challenges The French And American Legal Orders, Jeremy Pilaar
Assesing The Gig Economy In Comparative Perspective: How Platform Work Challenges The French And American Legal Orders, Jeremy Pilaar
Journal of Law and Policy
Both the gig economy’s critics and supporters tend to assume that it represents an assault on current employment structures. Comparative theory, however, emphasizes that legal regimes are durable in the face of new challenges. Fortunately, the gig economy’s prevalence throughout the world gives scholars the chance to evaluate this tension. This paper analyzes whether platform work undermines existing legal systems by testing two comparative theories in the United States and France. The first predicts that French law should mobilize against platform firms to protect producers’ livelihoods and that American law should embrace these services for lowering consumer prices. The second …
Google, Charlottesville, And The Need To Protect Private Employees’ Political Speech, Chloe M. Gordils
Google, Charlottesville, And The Need To Protect Private Employees’ Political Speech, Chloe M. Gordils
Brooklyn Law Review
At a time when the freedom of speech is increasingly under attack, the question becomes: what protections are available to employees of private companies who wish to engage in political expression while off the clock? Although public employees are in many ways protected by the First Amendment from government intrusion into their political speech, private employees in many states are left largely unprotected. This note examines the current statutory protections offered to protect private employees from being fired or retaliated against based on their political opinions, and argues that the inconsistency and unpredictability of state laws call for a uniform …
Dads Are Parents, Too: Why Amending The Pregnancy Discrimination Act Is Necessary For Courts To Determine If A Parental Leave Policy Violates Title Vii, Krista Gay
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
To attract millennials desiring a work-life balance, large companies have begun to offer new parent leave to both male and female employees and commonly offer longer leave to women than men. Although a company may offer pregnancy disability leave to women without offering similar leave to men, if the company classifies the leave as parental bonding leave, it must be offered equally. If it is not, as highlighted by recent lawsuits against JP Morgan and Estée Lauder, a Title VII claim can arise. Historically, courts have had difficulty deciding if such a policy does in fact violate Title VII, because …
Competing With Noncompetes: Increasing Restrictions On The Use Of Employment Noncompetition Agreements In New York, Michael A. E. Neville
Competing With Noncompetes: Increasing Restrictions On The Use Of Employment Noncompetition Agreements In New York, Michael A. E. Neville
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
The New York City Council and the former New York State Attorney General recently proposed legislation restricting the use of noncompetition agreements by employers with low-wage employees. While this proposed legislation demonstrates a step following other progressive states that have already restricted the use of noncompetition agreements, recent federal litigation has revealed the loopholes that New York employers may unfairly utilize, such as garden leave provisions, if restrictions are not placed on both employers of low-wage and high-wage employees. This Note recommends that pending legislation be passed only after a thorough revision that focuses on both low-wage and high-wage employees …
Freelance Isn’T Free: The High Cost Of New York City’S Freelance Isn’T Free Act On Hiring Parties, Caitlin M. Baranowski
Freelance Isn’T Free: The High Cost Of New York City’S Freelance Isn’T Free Act On Hiring Parties, Caitlin M. Baranowski
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
Recently, the New York City Council enacted the Freelance Isn’t Free Act (FIFA) to protect freelancers from non-payment. Among FIFA’s protections is the requirement that hiring parties provide a written contract to freelancers for any work exceeding $800 over a 120-day period. As the nation’s first legislation ensuring freelancers’ rights, FIFA marks a major turning point in the development of protections for the gig economy’s growing independent workforce. While its purpose is laudable and necessary, this Note argues that FIFA is currently too ambiguous. To resolve FIFA’s ambiguity, this Note recommends, at the very least, amending FIFA to include: 1) …
Talent Can't Be Allocated: A Labor Economics Justification For No-Poaching Agreement Criminality In Antitrust Regulation, Rochella T. Davis
Talent Can't Be Allocated: A Labor Economics Justification For No-Poaching Agreement Criminality In Antitrust Regulation, Rochella T. Davis
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
As of late, labor markets have been a focus point in antitrust enforcement. In 2016 the Department of Justice (DOJ) announced an unprecedented policy to pursue no-poaching agreements criminally. More recently, in January 2018, the DOJ’s Attorney General indicated that the agency is following through on the policy. This Article argues that the DOJ’s new policy is logical and prudent because the economic effects that no-poaching agreements have on labor markets mirror the anticompetitive effects of customer allocation agreements. It also shows that the policy is well-supported by labor economics and antitrust policies. In efforts to comply with the DOJ’s …
A Fork In The Road: Issues Surrounding The Legality Of Mandatory Class Action Waivers In Arbitration Agreements, Brielle Oshinsky
A Fork In The Road: Issues Surrounding The Legality Of Mandatory Class Action Waivers In Arbitration Agreements, Brielle Oshinsky
Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law
Recently, federal circuit courts have presented contrasting outcomes regarding the legality of mandatory class action waivers in arbitration agreements. More specifically, these outcomes vary on whether such waivers violate the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) and the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), and importantly, whether it is possible for these statutes to coexist with the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA). The Second, Fifth, and Eighth Circuits have previously held that the act of an employer requiring employees to sign class action waivers in arbitration agreements posed no violation to either the FLSA or the NLRA. However, in May 2016, the Seventh …
The Time Has Come For Congress To Finish Its Work On Harmonizing The Definition Of "Employee", Russel A. Hollrah, Patrick A. Hollrah
The Time Has Come For Congress To Finish Its Work On Harmonizing The Definition Of "Employee", Russel A. Hollrah, Patrick A. Hollrah
Journal of Law and Policy
The meaning of the term “employee” is critically important for the purposes of laws governing work relationships. This is because these laws, for the most part, cover only employees, and do not cover self-employed individuals, commonly referred to as independent contractors or independent entrepreneurs. Currently more than ten different tests are used to determine whether an individual qualifies as an “employee” for purposes of federal and state statutes. This multiplicity of tests has frequently left independent entrepreneurs and their clients uncertain whether their contractual relationships will be respected for purposes of applicable statutes. This exposes companies doing business with independent …
Fleeing The Rat’S Nest: Title Vii Jurisprudence After Ortiz V. Werner Enterprises, Inc., Zachary J. Strongin
Fleeing The Rat’S Nest: Title Vii Jurisprudence After Ortiz V. Werner Enterprises, Inc., Zachary J. Strongin
Brooklyn Law Review
In 2016, the Seventh Circuit issued an opinion that may be a harbinger for an important shift in the federal judiciary’s long-standing employment discrimination jurisprudence. In Ortiz v. Werner Enterprises, Judge Easterbrook reiterated the frustration with the existing “rat’s nest” of tests and standards used in Title VII discrimination and retaliation claims. The note contains two overarching arguments. First, the Supreme Court’s employment discrimination and “rat’s nest” of tests and standards has led to an untenable situation in which federal district courts apply different standards at different stages of litigations. This in turn has caused confusion amongst the various federal …