Law Commons^™

Enforcing Outbound Forum Selection Clauses In State Court, John Coyle, Katherine Robinson

Indiana Law Journal

Forum selection clauses are a staple of modern business law. Parties agree, ex ante, on where they can sue one another and then rely on the courts to enforce these agreements. Although the number of contracts containing forum selection clauses has skyrocketed in recent years, there is a dearth of empirical information about enforcement practice at the state level. Are there any states that refuse to enforce them? How frequently are they enforced? Under what circumstances, if any, will these clauses be deemed unenforceable? The existing literature provides few answers to these questions.

This Article aims to fill that gap. …

Fictional Pleas, Thea Johnson

Indiana Law Journal

A fictional plea is one in which a defendant pleads guilty to a crime he has not committed, with the knowledge of the defense attorney, prosecutor, and judge. With fictional pleas, the plea of conviction is detached from the original factual allegations against the defendant. As criminal justice actors become increasingly troubled by the impact of collateral consequences on defendants, the fictional plea serves as an appealing response to this concern. It allows the parties to achieve parallel aims: the prosecutor holds the defendant accountable in the criminal system, while the defendant avoids devastating noncriminal consequences. In this context, the …

What Is Puerto Rico?, Samuel Issacharoff, Alexandra Bursak, Russell Rennie, Alec Webley

Indiana Law Journal

Puerto Rico is suffering through multiple crises. Two are obvious: a financial crisis triggered by the island’s public debts and the humanitarian crisis brought on by Hurricane Maria. One is not: the island’s ongoing crisis of constitutional identity. Like the hurricane, this crisis came from outside the island. Congress, the U.S. Supreme Court, and the Executive Branch have each moved in the last twenty years to undermine the “inventive statesmanship” that allowed for Puerto Rico’s self-government with minimal interference from a federal government in which the people of Puerto Rico had, and have, no representation. From the point of view …

#Personaljurisdiction: A New Age Of Internet Contacts, Zoe Niesel

Indiana Law Journal

This Article explores the complicated relationship between minimum contacts and the modern internet. Part I traces the development of modern personal jurisdiction analyses in the areas of both specific and general jurisdiction. Interesting in this historical overview is the increased reliance on predictability, even as courts have recognized that advanced technologies and infrastructure have made the maintenance of lawsuits infinitely easier than in the days before International Shoe.7 Part II then explores the intersection between personal jurisdiction and the internet as well as the rise of the so-called Zippo “interactivity” test for jurisdiction in cases involving websites. Although Zippo has …

Data Protection In An Increasingly Globalized World, Nicholas F. Palmieri Iii

Indiana Law Journal

With the rise of the internet in recent decades, it has become increasingly easy for various enterprises—including retailers, advertising agencies, and service providers—to acquire, use, and even share the personal details of their users. Such a trend is unlikely to decrease in the coming years; in fact, internet usage is only likely to increase as more and more people gain access to the internet. In the wakeof recent data breaches, including the now infamous breach of Equifax as well as the scandal involving Facebook and Cambridge Analytica, people are even more aware of the need for (and the risk of …

Sticks, Stones, And So-Called Judges: Why The Era Of Trump Necessitates Revisiting Presidential Influence On The Courts, Quinn W. Crowley

Indiana Law Journal

This Note will be primarily divided into three main sections. Part I of this Note will begin by discussing the importance of judicial independence in modern society and the role of elected officials in shaping the public perception of the courts. Additionally, as problems of judicial legitimacy are age-old and date back to America’s founding, Part I will include a brief discussion of an early clash between President Thomas Jefferson and the courts.

Parts II and III of this Note will seek to place President Trump’s conduct towards the judicial branch within the proper historical context. Part II examines the …

Domicile Dismantled, Kerry Abrams, Kathryn Barber

Indiana Law Journal

Part I of this Article discusses the legal and factual background of Mas v. Perry. This narrative reveals how the case reflects both the changes in American society that were beginning to occur at that time and the struggle of the concept of domicile to keep pace with those changes. Part II traces the development of the fundamental shift in gender roles that began several years before Mas was decided. This section argues that the growing number of women attending college, embarking upon careers, and forming two-career marriages increased the difficulty of measuring domicile, while undermining the efficacy of a …

Terra Firma As Open Seas: Interpreting Kiobel In The Failed State Context, Drew F. Waldbeser

Indiana Law Journal

This Note will ultimately argue that, despite the expansive language in Kiobel, the Court’s reasoning does not necessarily foreclose all “foreign-cubed” claims. Suits alleging human rights violations originating from conduct that took place in failed states avoid the concerns the Court emphasized in Kiobel. The Court should allow jurisdiction for human rights offenses in failed states, despite their “foreign-cubed” nature, because the already existing rationale for allowing jurisdiction for international piracy offenses is highly analogous.

Part I of this Note explores the ATS jurisprudence leading up to and including Kiobel. Besides exploring the tensions and policy interests courts are grappling …

Transnational Class Actions In The Shadow Of Preclusion, Zachary D. Clopton

Indiana Law Journal

The American class action is a procedural tool that advances substantive law values such as deterrence, compensation, and fairness. Opt-out class actions in particular achieve these goals by aggregating claims not only of active participants but also passive plaintiffs. Full faith and credit then extends the preclusive effect of class judgments to other U.S. courts. But there is no international full faith and credit obligation, and many foreign courts will not treat U.S. class judgments as binding on passive plaintiffs. Therefore, some plaintiffs may be able to wait until the U.S. class action is resolved before either joining the U.S. …

Erie And Preemption: Killing One Bird With Two Stones, Jeffrey Rensberger

Indiana Law Journal

The Supreme Court has developed a standard account of the Erie doctrine. The Court has directed different analyses of Erie cases depending upon whether the federal law in question is in the form of a federal rule (or statute) or is instead a judge-made law. But the cases applying the doctrine are difficult to explain using the standard account. Although the Court and commentators have noted that Erie is a type of preemption, they provide little, if any, rigorous analysis of Erie in light of preemption doctrines. This Article attempts to fill that void, offering an extended analysis of Erie …

The Federal Question In Patent-License Cases, Amelia Smith Rinehart

Indiana Law Journal

The patent law has long recognized a patent owner’s ability to license some interest in the patent by granting to others permission to tread upon the patent owner’s property rights without legal consequence. When one of the parties to a patent license decides to seek remedies from the other party for a license harm, the resulting litigation may be a patent-infringement case with a contract issue or a contract case with a patent issue. In most cases, the patent owner brings her suit against the licensee in federal court, alleging that the licensee breached the license contract and, as a …

Removal Reform: A Solution For Federal Question Jurisdiction, Forum Shopping, And Duplicative State-Federal Litigation, Martha A. Field

Indiana Law Journal

Federal court procedural, especially jurisdictional ones, need to be governed by clear, effective, and fair rules. Yet twentieth century doctrines and reforms, even when made in the name of pragmatism, have produced decidedly unpragmatic results: a vague and disputed doctrine of federal question jurisdiction that excludes from federal court many cases where federal law controls the outcome, rules that facilitate forum shopping by plaintiffs and make it impossible to predict in advance what law will apply to decide one’s case, and the stunning waste of a system in which the exact same issues are simultaneously litigated in state and federal …

The Jurisdiction Of The Court Of Federal Claims And Forum Shopping In Money Claims Against The Federal Government, Gregory C. Sisk

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Of Rules And Standards: Reconciling Statutory Limitations On "Arising Under" Jurisdiction, Richard D. Freer

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Amenability To Jurisdiction As A "Substantive Right": The Invalidity Of Rule 4(K) Under The Rules Enabling Act, Leslie M. Kelleher

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Oliphant And Tribal Criminal Jurisdiction Over Non-Indians: Asserting Congress's Plenary Power To Restore Territorial Jurisdiction, Geoffrey C. Heisey

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

1367 And All That: Recodifying Federal Supplemental Jurisdiction, Thomas D. Rowe Jr.

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

The Forgotten Proviso Of § 1367(B) (And Why We Forgot), Peter Raven-Hansen

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

Supplemental Jurisdiction: A Confession, An Avoidance, And A Proposal, David L. Shapiro

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

Comment On The Supplemental- Jurisdiction Statute: 28 U.S.C. § 1367, Arthur D. Wolf

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

Making Sense Of Nonsense: Reforming Supplemental Jurisdiction, Graham C. Lilly

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

Teaching Supplemental Jurisdiction, Stephen C. Yeazell

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

Crosscurrents: Supplemental Jurisdiction, Removal, And The Ali Revision Project, Joan Steinman

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

Revisiting The Policy Case For Supplemental Jurisdiction, Robert G. Bone

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

"Common Nucleus Of Operative Fact" And Defensive Set-Off: Beyond The Gibbs Test, William A. Fletcher

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

Integrating Supplemental Jurisdiction And Diversity Jurisdiction: A Progress Report On The Work Of The American Law Institute, John B. Oakley

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

Toward A Principled Statutory Approach To Supplemental Jurisdiction In Diversity Of Citizenship Cases, Richard D. Freer

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

An Alternative And Discretionary § 1367, Edward H. Cooper

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

Supplemental Jurisdiction-Take It To The Limit!, Howard P. Fink

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: A Reappraisal of the Supplemental-Jurisdiction Statute: Title 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

The Presence Of A Web Site As A Constitutionally Permissible Basis For Personal Jurisdiction, Christine E. Mayewski

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.