Law Commons^™

Puerto Rico: The Island Of Infringement? An Analysis Of The Intersectionality Of Eleventh Amendment Sovereign Immunity And Federal False Endorsement Claims, Robert Hilton

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

This Note delves into the complex legal landscape of Puerto Rico’s application of sovereign immunity in the context of federal false endorsement claims, focusing particularly on the recent case involving the unauthorized use of Hall of Fame baseball player Roberto Clemente’s name and likeness. It critically examines the intersectionality of Eleventh Amendment sovereign immunity with the Lanham Act’s Section 43(a), highlighting the challenges faced in enforcing intellectual property rights within unincorporated territories of the United States.

The analysis begins by exploring the historical basis of sovereign immunity and its evolution from common law to the intricacies of the Eleventh Amendment. …

Still On Patrol: An Argument For Greater Protections For Sunken American State Vessels In International And Foreign Coastal Waters, Sarah Elizabeth Catterson

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

Quint, the surly captain from Steven Spielberg’s Jaws, is perhaps most famous for his soliloquy recounting the Indianapolis tragedy. The Indy, as she was called, sunk just under fifteen minutes after being hit by Japanese torpedoes in 1945 following her delivery of the components for the Hiroshima atomic bomb to the Pacific island of Tinian. It took the Navy five days to realize she was missing, by which point 600 of the 800 survivors had died from exposure or shark attacks. The Indy remained missing until she was found seventy-two years later by the Petrel, a …

Sovereign Immunity, The Au, And The Icc: Legitimacy Undermined, Christa-Gaye Kerr

Michigan Journal of International Law

This note examines how the International Criminal Court’s indictment of African leaders has led to a breakdown in the relationship between the Court and the African Union and offers solutions to repair this relationship. In particular, the ICC’s blanket rejection of sovereign immunity and its close relationship with the UNSC delegitimize the Court. As an organization that relies on the cooperation of states across the world, this is something the Court cannot afford. The ICC’s decade-long fight with the African Union over the disproportionate number of charges leveled against African nationals has weakened its stature with African states. This has …

Venezuela Undermines Gold Miner Crystallex's Attempts To Recover On Its Icsid Award, Sam Wesson

Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Belligerent Obligations Under Article 18(1) Of The Second Geneva Convention: The Impact Of Sovereign Immunity, Booty Of War, And The Obligation To Respect And Protect War Graves, Wolff Heintschel Von Heinegg

International Law Studies

Article 18(1) of the Second Geneva Convention requires parties to an international armed conflict, “after each engagement” and “without delay,” to “take all possible measures to search for and collect the wounded and sick, to protect them against pillage and ill-treatment, to ensure their adequate care, and to search for the dead and prevent their being despoiled.” This article focuses on the latter obligation: the duty to search for and collect the dead. It assesses this obligation in light of the International Committee of the Red Cross 2017 Commentary on the Second Geneva Convention, the first such commentary completed by …

Act Of State Doctrine: Actions Of Intervenors Appointed By The Cuban Government And Statements Of Counsel Do Not Constitute Sufficient Acts Of State To Come Within The Doctrine (Alfred Dunhill Of London, Inc. V. Republic Of Cuba, S. Ct. 1976), John C. Stephens

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Sovereign Immunity - Taxation - Residence Of Foreign Sovereign Diplomatic And Consular Staff Is Immune From Taxation Under A Bilateral Agreement And The Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act, Maija S. Blaubergs

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Foreign Sovereign Immunity - Rex V. Cia. Pervana De Vapores, S.A., Richard O. Ward

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Current Legal Matters Affecting Central Banks, Robert C. Effros

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Regulating Jolly Roger: The Existing And Developing Law Governing The Classification Of Underwater Cultural Heritage As "Pirate-Flagged", Peter Hershey

University of Massachusetts Law Review

This article explores the existing law governing Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH) which is classified as “pirate-flagged.” First, this article discusses the discovery of the Whydah Galley, an 18th century slave trader vessel, which was captured by pirate Captain Samuel Bellamy and transformed into the flagship of his pirate fleet, and the subsequent discoveries of additional “pirate-flagged” shipwrecks, including the international regulatory scheme governing ownership of the property on these sunken vessels. This article discusses both 20th century international conventions which define piracy and historic case law which clarifies these definitions. Then, the article analyzes both the early American and contemporary …

International Law - Enforcement Of International Centre For Settlement Of Investment Disputes Arbitral Awards In The United States - Signatories To The Convention On The Settlement Of Investment Disputes Between States And Nationals Of Other States Are Not Entitled To Sovereign Immunity With Respect To Enforcement Of Icsid Arbitral Awards, Liberian Eastern Timber Corp. V. Government Of Republic Of Liberia, 650 F. Supp. 73 (S.D.N.Y.1986), Dorothy B. Franzoni

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

The Routine Torture Practices Of The Saudi Arabian Government As "Commercial Activity" Within The Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act Of 1976 In The Wake Of Saudi Arabia V. Nelson, 113 S. Ct. 1471 (1993)., Keith D. Bodoh

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Denying Reparation For Slave And Forced Laborers In World War Ii And The Ensuing Humanitarian Rights Implications: A Case Study Of The Icj’S Recent Decision In Jurisdictional Immunities Of The State (Ger. V. It.: Greece Intervening), Morgan L. Klinzing

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Precluding The Treasure Hunt: How The World Bank Group Can Help Investors Circumnavigate Sovereign Immunity Obstacles To Icsid Award Execution, Joseph M. Cardosi

Pepperdine Law Review

This Comment highlights the frustrating road that investors travel in search of assets when states do not honor arbitration awards and discusses how the World Bank Group can unify investor–state arbitrations to preclude such hollow victories for investors. Part II introduces the contemporary framework of investor–state arbitration, including an overview of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID or the Centre), a summary of the scope of noncompliance with investor–state arbitration awards, and the unique ICSID enforcement mechanism used to address challenges to awards and noncompliance. Part III provides examples of the challenges investors face in award execution …

Al Shimari V. Caci International, Inc.: The Application Of Extraterritorial Jurisdiction In The Wake Of Kiobel, Ellen Katuska

South Carolina Journal of International Law and Business

No abstract provided.

The Political Economy Of Jus Cogens, Paul B. Stephan

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article examines the basis of an asserted jus cogens exception to sovereign immunity. It demonstrates that the vision of jus cogens one embraces depends on background assumptions about the present and future of the international system. A robust conception of jus cogens assumes: (1) that independent judges and tribunals, informed by the views of non-state actors, can identify core international obligations and manage their tradeoffs with other values pursued by the international legal system, and (2) that the actions of independent judges and tribunals, informed by non-state actors, will influence state behavior. Doubts about the abilities of judges and …

Changing The International Law Of Sovereign Immunity Through National Decisions, Lori F. Damrosch

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The international law of sovereign immunity derives from state practice embodied in national judicial decisions and legislation. Although some U.S. Supreme Court decisions refer to this body of law using terms like "grace and comity," the customary international law of sovereign immunity is law, which national courts should consider when arriving at immunity decisions. While it would be possible for a widely followed international treaty to work changes in customary international law, the UN Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property has not done so yet. National legislation such as the U.S. Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act can precipitate …

Sovereign Immunity And Violations Of International Jus Cogens - Some Critical Remarks, Andreas Zimmermann

Michigan Journal of International Law

The scope of this article, like the one to which it responds, is limited. It does not purport to resolve any question relating to the municipal law of the United States, such as the interpretation of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act. Instead, it considers the problem from a purely international law perspective. Furthermore, it does not indulge in a complete description of attempts made by the Federal Republic of Germany to pay compensation - as far as feasible - for all the blatant human rights violations committed by Nazi Germany in the period 1933-1945.

The Future Of U.S. Ocean Policy, J. Ashley Roach, Robert W. Smith

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

The Scattered Remains Of Sovereign Immunity For Foreign States After Republic Of Argentina V. Weltover,Inc., Sarah K. Schano

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The globalization of the United States economy in the latter half of the twentieth century has fostered greater interaction between the United States and foreign states and their instrumentalities. As a result, the likelihood of legal disputes arising between United States entities and foreign states has increased. Traditionally, foreign states have been immune from suit in United States courts. However, the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA), enacted in 1976, specifies instances in which United States courts may deny immunity to foreign states and exercise jurisdiction over them. Under one provision of the FSIA, a foreign state may forfeit its immunity …

The Czechoslovak Approach To The Draft Convention On Jurisdictional Immunitites Of States And Their Property, Vladimir Balaš, Monika Pauknerová

Michigan Journal of International Law

This article deals with four issues: (1) The effort of the International Law Commission of the United Nations to codify jurisdictional immunity. (2) The theoretical and practical Czechoslovak approach toward the institution of jurisdictional immunity of States and the Draft Convention, and a prediction of possible change of the Czechoslovak view. (3) The changing views of East European scholars. (4) An analysis of particular provisions of the Draft Convention with respect to their acceptability by States with different socioeconomic systems and especially by Czechoslovakia.

Matsushita V. Zenith: Sovereign Compulsion And Conspiracy Go Out Before The Trial Goes On, Michael K. Sweig

Penn State International Law Review

This Article suggests that the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act and its commercial activities exception adequately answer questions that pre-FSIA courts had used the sovereign compulsion doctrine to solve. Recent Supreme Court case law indicates that application of the sovereign compulsion defense in foreign antitrust litigation requires the precise analysis required and already provided for by the commercial activities exception to FSIA.

Sovereign Immunity: The Exception For Intellectual Or Industrial Property, Virginia Morris

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The doctrine of sovereign or state immunity exempts a state and its property from the judicial jurisdiction of any other state. The domestic courts of various nations have developed this doctrine over the years through cases in which private citizens have attempted to sue foreign states. Courts' enunciations of the principle of state immunity and their reasons for granting or denying the immunity are almost as numerous as the countries whose courts have faced this issue. The current work of the International Law Commission (the Commission) on the codification and the progressive development of the jurisdictional immunities of states and …

Recent Decisions, David R. Simon, David D. Dowd

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Antitrust--Act of State Doctrine Precludes Judicial Review of Cases in which Private Defendant Induces Foreign Sovereign to Boycott Plaintiff's Services and Products

David R. Simon

Plaintiff, a designer and manufacturer of short takeoff and landing (STOL) aircraft, sought damages from defendants for violation of sections 1 and 2 of the Sherman Act. Specifically, plaintiff alleged that defendant's employees falsely disparaged General Aircraft Corporation's (GAC) STOL aircraft products and services by circulating false and misleading performance reports and engaged in a "vendetta" designed to drive GAC out of business because of GAC's refusal to conduct Southeast Asian Helio sales under the …

Recent Decisions, Kevin P. Hishta, J. Clifton Cox, Shari D. Olenick, Stephen B. Hatcher, Ann M. Bell

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

ALIENS--Executive Suspension of Alien's Deportable Status Final as Congressional Veto Mechanism violates Constitutional Doctrine of Separation of Powers

Kevin P. Hishta

--------------------------- Sovereign Immunity--Iranian Immunity from Pre-Judgment Attachments Terminated under International Emergency Economic Powers Act

J. Clifton Cox

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Sovereign Immunity--Government Shipping Company of the People's Republic of China is an "Agency or Instrumentality" for the Purposes of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976

Shari D. Olenick

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State Corporate Income Tax--Foreign Source Dividends Included in State Taxation Base Under Unitary Business Enterprise Test

Stephen B. Hatcher

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Trade Regulation--Use of Registered Mail by Federal Trade Commission to Subpoena …

The Iran Hostage Crisis: The United States As Fifty-Third Hostage?, Kenneth L. Warsh

Maryland Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Status Of Armed Forces Abroad, Wilfred A. Hearn

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

Sovereign Immunity And The Suit Against Opec, Lawrence Crocker

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Introduction To International Law As It Pertains To The Naval Officer, Wilfred A. Hearn

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

Jurisdictional Immunities, William C. Mcauliffe Jr.

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.