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Accountability For “Crimes Against The Laws Of Humanity In Boxer China: The Experiment With International Justice At Paoting-Fu, Benjamin E. Brockman-Hawe
Accountability For “Crimes Against The Laws Of Humanity In Boxer China: The Experiment With International Justice At Paoting-Fu, Benjamin E. Brockman-Hawe
Benjamin E. Brockman-Hawe
This paper covers a significant but generally unknown and understudied caesure in the development of international criminal law occurred during the Boxer Rebellion, an anti-Western and anti‑Christian peasant insurgency mostly located in Northeast China. During the early stages of the Chinese intervention, at a time when the relief force was still bogged down in Beijing, approximately seventy Christians were gruesomely murdered in Paoting-fu. Securing and “punishing” the city became a priority for Western military forces, who began the necessary short march southward once Beijing’s Legation Quarter was cleared of Boxers. The Poating-fu operation could have taken the form of the …
Introductory Note To The Extraordinary Chambers Of The Courts Of Cambodia: Decision On The Appeals Against The Co-Investigative Judges Order On Joint Criminal Enterprise (Jce), Benjamin E. Brockman-Hawe
Introductory Note To The Extraordinary Chambers Of The Courts Of Cambodia: Decision On The Appeals Against The Co-Investigative Judges Order On Joint Criminal Enterprise (Jce), Benjamin E. Brockman-Hawe
Benjamin E. Brockman-Hawe
No abstract provided.
Using Internet 'Borders' To Coerce Or Punish, Benjamin E. Brockman-Hawe
Using Internet 'Borders' To Coerce Or Punish, Benjamin E. Brockman-Hawe
Benjamin E. Brockman-Hawe
The prevailing ideology of the 1990’s reflected widespread dissatisfaction with the inadequacy and negative humanitarian consequences of broad multilateral economic sanctions.3 This in turn provoked a search on the part of NGO’s, states, UN agencies and academic institutions for an alternative sanctions approach that would remove the significant burden traditional economic sanctions placed on vulnerable segments of society while accomplishing the objectives for which they were imposed. The result of these cooperative efforts - the conceptualization and implementation of “smart” sanctions over the next decade - reformed the multilateral sanctions regime in fundamental ways. The agencies and procedures collectively instituted …