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International Law's Erie Moment, Harlan Grant Cohen
International Law's Erie Moment, Harlan Grant Cohen
Michigan Journal of International Law
The episode put the question starkly: Who fills the gaps in international law and how? A series of tribunals operating under Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) had adopted broader interpretations of vague treaty language than those recommended by the state parties. In response, government ministers from the three state parties, Mexico, Canada, and the United States, operating through the Free Trade Commission (FTC) established by the treaty, adopted "Notes of Interpretation" clarifying their view of the treaty's meaning. International tribunals are generally tasked with examining state practice, either to recognize rules of customary international law …
The Obligation To Negotiate In International Law: Rules And Realities, Martin A. Rogoff
The Obligation To Negotiate In International Law: Rules And Realities, Martin A. Rogoff
Michigan Journal of International Law
Considered in this article is the important question of whether the obligation to negotiate imposes an affirmative obligation on a state to seek actively negotiations with the other interested state or states before it can legally engage in certain activities, or whether the obligation to negotiate simply requires the state subject to the obligation to respond favorably when asked by the other state or states to enter into negotiations.