Law Commons^™

Revealing Originality Of Song Works: An Analysis To The Copyright Law, Desrezka Gunti Larasati

Indonesia Law Review

The topic of this paper is to describe the defining criteria of originality of song works. The aspect of originality is important to make such work be protected by Copyright Law. In this research, the criteria to define originality are based on certain doctrines and/or theories of originality that may vary case by case. The use of such doctrines and/or theories are necessary, since the stipulations regarding originality in the Indonesian Copyright Act has not been considered suffice. With regard to the song works, the criteria of originality may be different from other works. Therefore, a comprehensive research on the …

From Kafka To Kafta: Intellectual Property, And The Korea-Australia Free Trade Agreement, Matthew Rimmer

Matthew Rimmer

The Korea-Australia Free Trade Agreement 2014 (KAFTA) is a Kafkaesque agreement – with its secret texts, speculative claims, and shadowy tribunals. Australia and South Korea have signed a new free trade agreement - the Korea-Australia Free Trade Agreement2014 (KAFTA). Is it a fair trade fairytale? Or is it a dirty deal done dirt cheap? Or somewhere in between? It is hard to tell, given the initial secrecy of the negotiations, and the complexity of the texts of the agreement. There has been much debate in the Australian Parliament over the transparency of the trade agreement; the scope of market access …

Surfing For Protection: Why Websites Should Be Categorically Excluded From Trade Dress Protection, Matt Mikels

CommLaw Conspectus: Journal of Communications Law and Technology Policy (1993-2015)

No abstract provided.

Guarding Against Abuse: The Costs Of Excessively Long Copyright Terms, Derek Khanna

CommLaw Conspectus: Journal of Communications Law and Technology Policy (1993-2015)

No abstract provided.

Appendix C - Office Of The United States Trade Representative Washington, D.C.-Fact Sheet, "Special 301" On Intellectual Property, Georgia Journal Of International And Comparative Law

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Panel Ii--General Discussion, Georgia Journal Of International And Comparative Law

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Intellectual Property: Perspective Of The Developing World, Peter Gakunu

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

The Need For Adequate And Effective Protection Of Intellectual Property: Perspective Of The Private Sector - Patents, Peter C. Richardson

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Towards An Intellectual Property Agreement In The Gatt: View From The Private Sector, Carol J. Bilzi

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Intellectual Property Protection: A United States Priority, Richard A. Morford

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Services, Intellectual Property And The Major Issues Of The Uruguay Round, Claude E. Barfield

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

The Trade Act Of 1988 And The Mtns: Long-Term Planning And Reform, Charles A. Hunnicutt

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

The Right Not To Use In Property And Patent Law, Oskar Liivak, Eduardo M. Peñalver

Oskar Liivak

In Continental Paper Bag Co. v. Eastern Paper Bag Co., the Supreme Court held (1) that patent owners have an absolute right not to practice their patent and (2) that even these nonpracticing patent owners are entitled to the liberal use of injunctive relief against infringers. Both of these holdings have been very important to the viability of patent assertion entities, the so-called patent trolls. In eBay Inc. v. MercExchange, L.L.C., the Supreme Court softened the injunction rule. In this Article, we argue that Congress or the Court should reconsider Continental Paper Bag’s embrace of an absolute right not to …

Rethinking The Concept Of Exclusion In Patent Law, Oskar Liivak

Oskar Liivak

Patent law’s broad exclusionary rule is one of its defining features. It is unique within intellectual property as it prohibits acts of independent creation. Even if a second inventor had no connection or aid from an initial inventor, patent law allows the first inventor to stop the second. Even though a number of pressing problems can be traced to this rule, it remains untouchable; it is thought to be essential for incentivizing invention. But is it really our only choice? And why is it so different from our otherwise widespread reliance on free entry and competition in markets? The current …

Maturing Patent Theory From Industrial Policy To Intellectual Property, Oskar Liivak

Oskar Liivak

We have always known that technological progress is important and this country has always aimed to promote it. A large part of that responsibility has fallen on the shoulders of the patent system. Embarrassingly, despite over two hundred years of experience, we still do not actually know if the patent system helps or hinders technological progress. This Essay argues that the problem is not the patent system but rather patent theory. Patent theory suffers from three linked problems: exceptionalness, indeterminacy, and animosity. First, patent law is seen as a necessarily unique exception to the overall market economy. By artificially making …

Finding Invention, Oskar Liivak

Oskar Liivak

One of the biggest problems plaguing modern patent law is its inability to provide predictable and clear exclusive rights. We would improve clarity by simply following the patent statute and extending exclusion only to "the patented invention." That suggestion, as reasonable as it may sound, is actually quite radical to the dominant patent law orthodoxy. It is not even clear under the dominant patent law orthodoxy what it would mean to limit patent scope to the invention, but it is generally presumed that it must lead to unacceptably narrow patents. Thus, even if it provides clarity, the invention is thought …

Maintaining Competition In Copying: Narrowing The Scope Of Gene Patents, Oskar Liivak

Oskar Liivak

In supporting gene patents, the patent office, the courts and other supporters have assumed that gene discoveries are identical to traditional inventions and therefore the patent system should treat them as identical. In other words, they have assumed that the relatively broad claims that are used for traditional inventions are also appropriate for encouraging gene discovery. This article examines this assumption and finds that gene discoveries are critically different from traditional inventions and concludes that the patent system cannot treat them as identical.

As a doctrinal matter, this article applies the generally overlooked constitutional requirements of inventorship and originality and …

Establishing An Island Of Patent Sanity, Oskar Liivak

Oskar Liivak

There is a growing, inescapable sense that something has gone terribly wrong with the patent system. The patent system is described as a failure, broken, and dysfunctional. Yet, despite the fact that much of today’s headline-grabbing patent activity appears facially unproductive, we really can’t be sure that the system has failed in its mission. Current patent theory is so indeterminate that it is hard to decisively criticize these activities. In fact, the current narrative cannot conclusively show that patent trolls or any other patent-related activities are or are not economically justified. Though depressing and perhaps embarrassing, this patent indeterminacy is …

The Forgotten Originality Requirement: A Constitutional Hurdle For Gene Patents, Oskar Liivak

Oskar Liivak

Originality has always been a part of patent law. It bars patents that are obtained by copying from someone or from somewhere. Modern judicial interpretations of the patent act have ignored this second element of originality. But as originality is, at least arguably, a constitutional limit of the Patent and Copyright clause, the courts must interpret the patent act consistently to include originality. As a specific example, the paper focuses on patents claiming isolated and purified naturally-occurring gene sequences. The paper concludes that such patents are not original – they are instead just the result of copying – and thus …

Around The Copyright World In 60 Minutes, Peter Yu

Peter K. Yu

No abstract provided.

The Past And Future Of Copyright Politics, Jessica Silbey

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

A Square Peg Into A Round Hole: Trade Dress Protection Of Websites, The Perspective Of The Consumer And The Dilemma For The Courts, Amber R. Cohen

University of Massachusetts Law Review

This Note explores the legalities of trade dress protection for a website, the enforcement of such protection, and what is necessary to protect the “look and feel” of a website. Further, this Note claims it is nearly impossible to protect the “look and feel” of a website because the functionality of the site will always trump protection.

Computer Programs Under The United States Intellectual Property System: Sui Generis Legislation Is Needed, Joseph Francis Agnelli, Iii

University of Massachusetts Law Review

Section I of this article explores the different avenues of intellectual property protection presently available for computer software here in the United States. Section II then discusses how the European Community has resolved the computer program crisis under European intellectual property law. Lastly, section III will illustrate why sui generis legislation would be the paramount way for Congress to attack the intricacy that is created by computer programs under American intellectual property law.

Federalist Society’S Intellectual Property Practice Group And Its Stanford Law School Present A Debate On Open Source And Intellectual Property Rights, Lawrence Lessig, F. Scott Kieff, G. Marcus Cole

University of Massachusetts Law Review

Transcript of the Federalist Society’s Intellectual Property Practice Group and its Stanford Law School Chapter debate on Open Source and Intellectual Property Rights with panelists Professor Lawrence Lessig from Stanford University and Professor F. Scott Kieff from Stanford University and moderated by Professor G. Marcus Cole from Stanford Law School. This debate took place on Wednesday, March 30, 2005 in Palo Alto, California.

State Sovereign Immunity And Intellectual Property: An Evaluation Of The Trademark Remedy Clarification Act’S Attempt To Subject States To Suit In Federal Courts For Trademark Infringements Under The Lanham Act, Jennifer L. Fessler

University of Massachusetts Law Review

There are two things that can be learned from this paper. First, the analytical framework developed by the Court in City of Boerne is a stringent test that has considerably narrowed Congress’s ability to abrogate state’s Eleventh Amendment immunity through legislation. Second, only half of the battle was won when Congress enacted the Trademark Remedy Clarification Act. Although it met the new requirements the Court placed on legislative efforts in Atascadero, it is not able to meet the requirements that were later set forth in Seminole Tribe. The Rehnquist Court’s holdings indicate the Court’s active pursuit of state’s …

Intellectual Property Rights In An Attorney’S Work Product, Ralph D. Clifford

University of Massachusetts Law Review

This paper addresses the main intellectual property consequences of practicing law and whether attorneys can prevent others from using their work-product. The article does not assume that the reader is an expert in intellectual property law; instead, it is designed to answer the types of questions practitioners have about their rights. There is one primary legal code that impacts attorneys’ rights to their work-product: the copyright law. As a broad statement, copyright law protects how an author expresses ideas. It is the system that is used to prevent others from copying a book, a movie, a musical composition, or even …

Will Sony’S Fourth Playstation Lead To A Second Sony V. Universal?, Seth Ascher

Duke Law & Technology Review

Sony has included a “share” button on the next version of their popular PlayStation video game system. This feature is meant to allow players to record and share videos of their gameplay. This service shares similarities with the controversial “record” button that Sony included with its Betamax players over thirty years ago. The Betamax player was the subject of the landmark case Sony v. Universal, a foundational case for the modern application of copyright law to new technology. This Issue Brief examines how this “share” feature would fare under the framework laid out by Sony v. Universal and other evolutions …

How Not To Apply Actavis, Michael A. Carrier

NULR Online

No abstract provided.

Section 337 And The Gatt: A Necessary Protection Or An Unfair Trade Practice?, Nathan G. Knight Jr.

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Changing Trends In The Content And Purpose Of Mexico's Intellectual Property Right Regime, Alan S. Gutterman

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.