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Biobanks As Innovation Infrastructure For Translational Medicine, W. Nicholson Price Ii
Biobanks As Innovation Infrastructure For Translational Medicine, W. Nicholson Price Ii
Book Chapters
Biobanks represent an opportunity for the use of big data to drive translational medicine. Precision medicine demands data to shape treatments to individual patient characteristics; large datasets can also suggest new uses for old drugs or relationships between previously unlinked conditions. But these tasks can be stymied when data are siloed in different datasets, smaller biobanks, or completely proprietary private resources. This hampers not only analysis of the data themselves, but also efforts to translate data-based insights into actionable recommendations and to transfer the discovered technology into a commercialization pipeline. Cross-project technological innovation, development, and validation are all more difficult …
Contrasts In Innovation: Pittsburgh Then And Now, Michael J. Madison
Contrasts In Innovation: Pittsburgh Then And Now, Michael J. Madison
Book Chapters
Assessments of the relationship among law, innovation, and economic growth often begin with one or more propositions of law or law practice and predict how changes might affect innovation or business practice. This approach is problematic when applied to questions of regional economic development, because historic and contemporary local conditions vary considerably. This paper takes a different tack. It takes a snapshot of one recovering post-industrial economy, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. For most of the 20th century, Pittsburgh's steelmakers were leading examples worldwide of American economic prowess. Pittsburgh was so vibrant with industry that a late 19th century travel writer …
Bargaining Over The Transfer Of Proprietary Research Tools: Is This Market Failing Or Emerging?, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Bargaining Over The Transfer Of Proprietary Research Tools: Is This Market Failing Or Emerging?, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Book Chapters
This analysis highlights the importance of transactions between prior and subsequent innovators to permit valuable research to go forward across the boundaries of prior patent claims. In a recent article focusing on biomedical research,4 Michael Heller and I argue that too many patent rights on 'upstream' discoveries can stifle 'downstream' research and product development by increasing transaction costs and magnifying the risk of bargaining failures. Just as too few property rights leave communally held resources prone to overuse in a 'tragedy of the commons', too many property rights can leave resources prone to underuse in what Heller calls a 'tragedy …