Law Commons^™

Widening Our Lens: Incorporating Essential Perspectives In The Fight Against Human Trafficking, Jonathan Todres

Jonathan Todres

In 2000, the international community formally launched the modern movement to combat human trafficking with the United Nations' adoption of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime (Trafficking Protocol). With the Trafficking Protocol, the international community created a new cornerstone upon which to build a global initiative to combat this modem form of slavery. As the first major international treaty on human trafficking in half a century, the Trafficking Protocol represented a significant step forward. One hundred forty-seven countries are now party to the …

To Seek And Save The Lost: Human Trafficking And Salvation Schemas Among American Evangelicals, Austin Choi-Fitzpatrick

School of Peace Studies: Faculty Scholarship

American evangelicals have a history of engagement in social issues in general and anti-slavery activism in particular. The last 10 years have seen an increase in both scholarly attention to evangelicalism and evangelical focus on contemporary forms of slavery. Extant literature on this engagement often lacks the voices of evangelicals themselves. This study begins to fill this gap through a qualitative exploration of how evangelical and mainline churchgoers conceptualize both the issue of human trafficking and possible solutions. I extend Michael Young's recent work on the confessional schema motivating evangelical abolitionists in the 1830s. Through analysis of open-ended responses to …

On “Trafficking And Health”, Dominique Stewart

e-Research: A Journal of Undergraduate Work

This paper discusses the article "Trafficking and Health" by Joanna Busza, Sarah Castle, and Aisse Diarra. Human trafficking is unfortunately addressed by many political systems as a migration issue ‐‐ to be dealt with by restricting the rights of migrants, tightening border controls, etc. However, as we see in this article it is more of a health and human rights issue than anything else. Addressing a problem with the wrong diagnosis does nothing to solve it and oftentimes exacerbates it, and human trafficking is no exception to this. But with the right approaches, the damage caused by trafficking can be …

Beyond The "Tiers" Of Human Trafficking Victims: Islamic Law's Ability To Push The Muslim World To The Top Of The United States Trafficking Tier Placements And Into Compliance With International Law, Myada O. El-Sawi

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

A Content Analysis Of Backpage.Com Advertisements In Louisville, Kentucky, Theresa C. Hayden

Faculty Scholarship

Backpage.com and Craigslist are replacing the street corner as a crime source for buying and selling of sex. “To reduce commercial sexual exploitation and enforce existing trafficking laws, communities must first recognize the extent of the problem within their local area (Janson, Mann, Marro, & Matvey, 2013, 99). In a population density study conducted in 15 major U. S. cities, it was found that males over 18 years of age who buy sex online ranged from 0.6% in San Francisco to 21.4% in Houston (Roe-Sepoqitz, Hickle, Gallagher, Smith, & Hedberg, 2013). Researchers in the Greater Cincinnati area found a high …

Men, Women And Children For Sale: The Dichotomy Of Human Trafficking In The United States And Abroad, Elizabeth Kolbe

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

Living in Thailand in 2005 opened my eyes to the real plight of exploited peoples around the world. I was able to experience first-hand the economic and social issues facing potential victims of human trafficking. According to Anti-Slavery International, there are an estimated 200 million people being held in slavery worldwide. Approximately 800,000 people per year are being trafficked across international borders and forced into slavery. Like most Americans, I believed this is a horrible problem facing only people of developing countries. Last year I heard Chong Kim describe her traumatizing experience of being trafficked within the United States. Over …

Migrant Workers' Access To Justice At Home: Nepal, Sarah Paoletti, Eleanor Taylor-Nicholson, Bandita Sijapati, Bassina Farbenblum

All Faculty Scholarship

Nepal’s citizens engage in foreign employment at the highest per capita rate of any other country in Asia, and their remittances account for 25 percent of the country’s GDP. The Middle East is now the most popular destination for Nepalis--nearly 700,000 were working in the Middle East in 2011 on temporary labor contracts. For some Nepalis, working abroad provides much-needed household wealth. For others, their contributions to Nepal come at great personal cost. Migrant workers in the Gulf, for example, routinely report wage theft, lack of time off and unsafe and unhealthy working conditions. Some migrant workers report psychological and …

Impacts Of Gender Inequality And Poverty On Trafficking In Women, Jihye Park, Cara Rabe-Hemp

Graduate Research - Criminal Justice

Women represent approximately 75% of human trafficking victims. This study reviews what is and is not known about human trafficking and what might be accomplished in future research.

Exploitation Creep And The Unmaking Of Human Trafficking Law, Janie Chuang

Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals

The U.S. government and influential NGOs have been promoting a greatly expanded legal and policy understanding of the problem of human trafficking, recasting forced labor as trafficking, and trafficking as "modern-day slavery." The aggregate effect is a doctrinally problematic "exploitation creep." For strong legal and policy reasons, anti-trafficking efforts should target struc- tural vulnerability to trafficking through strengthened labor frameworks. On the same grounds the article contests initiatives to conflate human trafficking with slavery and to address trafficking primarily under an ex post crime-control par- adigm focused on perpetrator accountability and victim protection.

“Exploitation Creep” And Development: A Response To Janie Chuang, Aziza Ahmed

Faculty Scholarship

In her article Exploitation Creep and the Unmaking of Human Trafficking Law, Janie Chuang insightfully describes transformations in the discourse on trafficking as it shifted from sex trafficking to human trafficking, and as human trafficking came to be understood as forced labor, and now modern day slavery. With each of these transformations, the United States government, self-anointed “global sheriff” of anti-trafficking efforts, deepened its emphasis on a prosecution-oriented strategy focused on individual perpetrator accountability. As an alternative trajectory, Chuang identifies and convincingly argues for a labor-rights approach that takes into consideration the structural causes of exploitation in the labor market, …

Exploitation Creep And The Unmaking Of Human Trafficking Law, Janie A. Chuang

Janie A Chuang

Article 4 Of The Echr And The Obligation Of Criminalizing Slavery, Servitude, Forced Labour And Human Trafficking, Vladislava Stoyanova

Vladislava Stoyanova

This article addresses the interaction between international human rights law and national criminal law as exemplified and revealed in relation to the abuses of slavery, servitude, forced labour and human trafficking (THB). First, I point out the mismatch between the interpretative techniques of international human rights law and national criminal law. The reportedly low numbers of prosecutions and convictions for abuses against migrants has gathered increasing attention. As a reaction it has been suggested that the definitions of THB and of slavery, servitude and forced labour (where the latters have been specifically criminalized) have to be expansively construed. These suggestions …