Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- University of Michigan Law School (53)
- University of Georgia School of Law (10)
- Selected Works (8)
- American University Washington College of Law (7)
- Pepperdine University (6)
-
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas -- William S. Boyd School of Law (5)
- New York Law School (4)
- SelectedWorks (4)
- St. Mary's University (4)
- Georgetown University Law Center (3)
- Roger Williams University (3)
- Washington and Lee University School of Law (3)
- Boston University School of Law (2)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (2)
- Pace University (2)
- U.S. Naval War College (2)
- University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law (2)
- Vanderbilt University Law School (2)
- Bard College (1)
- Case Western Reserve University School of Law (1)
- Claremont Colleges (1)
- Maurer School of Law: Indiana University (1)
- Northwestern Pritzker School of Law (1)
- Penn State Law (1)
- SJ Quinney College of Law, University of Utah (1)
- Seattle University School of Law (1)
- Texas A&M University School of Law (1)
- The Catholic University of America, Columbus School of Law (1)
- The University of San Francisco (1)
- University of Arkansas at Little Rock William H. Bowen School of Law (1)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Articles (18)
- Michigan Journal of International Law (18)
- Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law (9)
- Scholarly Works (5)
- Pepperdine Law Review (4)
-
- The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice (4)
- University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform (4)
- Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals (3)
- Faculty Scholarship (3)
- Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works (3)
- Human Rights Brief (3)
- Matthew Scott (3)
- Michigan Journal of Gender & Law (3)
- Michigan Law Review (3)
- Book Chapters (2)
- International Law Studies (2)
- Jillian Blake (2)
- Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary (2)
- Law Faculty Scholarship (2)
- Michigan Journal of Race and Law (2)
- Other Publications (2)
- Publications and Research (2)
- Scholarly Articles (2)
- University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class (2)
- Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law (2)
- American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law (1)
- Articles & Chapters (1)
- Articles by Maurer Faculty (1)
- Catholic University Law Review (1)
- Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union (1)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 145
Full-Text Articles in Law
On Account Of Youth: Winning Asylum For Children, Linda Kelly
On Account Of Youth: Winning Asylum For Children, Linda Kelly
University of Cincinnati Law Review
No abstract provided.
Refugees Under Duress: International Law And The Serious Nonpolitical Crime Bar, David Baluarte
Refugees Under Duress: International Law And The Serious Nonpolitical Crime Bar, David Baluarte
Scholarly Articles
Congress intended that the serious nonpolitical crime bar under United States asylum law have the same meaning and scope as the 1F(b) Refugee Convention exclusion clause. The Supreme Court has repeatedly held that it was the intent of Congress to not only replicate the language of the provisions of the Refugee Convention in United States law, but to incorporate the full extent of the meaning of such language and bring the United States into compliance with its treaty obligations. Accordingly, when Congress reproduced exactly the language of the Article 1F(b) exclusion clause in the INA, it intended for that provision …
A Particular Social Group: The Inadequacy Of U.S. Asylum Laws For Transgender Claimants, Marnie Leonard
A Particular Social Group: The Inadequacy Of U.S. Asylum Laws For Transgender Claimants, Marnie Leonard
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
Impact Of Forensic Medical Evaluations On Immigration Relief Grant Rates And Correlates Of Outcomes In The United States., Holly G. Atkinson, Katarzyna Wyka, Kathryn Hampton, Christian Seno, Elizabeth Yim, Deborah Ottenheimer, Nermeen Arastu
Impact Of Forensic Medical Evaluations On Immigration Relief Grant Rates And Correlates Of Outcomes In The United States., Holly G. Atkinson, Katarzyna Wyka, Kathryn Hampton, Christian Seno, Elizabeth Yim, Deborah Ottenheimer, Nermeen Arastu
Publications and Research
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of forensic medical evaluations on grant rates for applicants seeking immigration relief in the United States (U.S.) and to identify significant correlates of grant success. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 2584 cases initiated by Physicians for Human Rights between 2008-2018 that included forensic medical evaluations, and found that 81.6% of applicants for various forms of immigration relief were granted relief, as compared to the national asylum grant rate of 42.4%. Among the study’s cohort, the majority (73.7%) of positive outcomes were grants of asylum. A multivariable regression analysis revealed …
Colombia, Un Refugio Cercano Pero No Accesible Para Los Venezolanos, Diana Maria Tovar Rojas
Colombia, Un Refugio Cercano Pero No Accesible Para Los Venezolanos, Diana Maria Tovar Rojas
Master's Theses
The non-application of the International Protection mechanisms, such as the non-recognition of the determination of refugee status to the migrant population victims of forced migration, not only aggravates the conditions of vulnerability of the migrants because the State does not respond adequately to their specific needs but also because the State is violating what is stipulated in the International Human Rights Law and ignoring its responsibilities acquired by having signed instruments of the International Protection Regime. Despite the fact that Colombia is the largest recipient of Venezuelan migrants in Latin America due to its geographical proximity, it is also one …
Seeking Asylum In A Modern Society: Global Responses To Latin American Migration, Rebecca Dickinson
Seeking Asylum In A Modern Society: Global Responses To Latin American Migration, Rebecca Dickinson
Senior Honors Projects
The United States is no stranger to asylum seekers and refugees. The most famous seaport in the country houses a 305-foot-tall statue of a woman bearing a torch with words from the poem The New Colossus by Emma Lazarus etched at her feet: “‘Give me your tired, your poor, /Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free.’”[1] The Statue of Liberty is a symbolic representation of open arms to immigrants from all walks of life. But if everyone is welcome, why do so few actually gain entrance?
US interventionism policies in the 20th century have defined the lives of millions …
Abandoning The Subjective And Objective Components Of A Well-Founded Fear Of Persecution, Grace Kim
Abandoning The Subjective And Objective Components Of A Well-Founded Fear Of Persecution, Grace Kim
Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy
Current asylum law requires that asylum seekers prove that they have a “well-founded fear of persecution.” However, a “well-founded fear”—the evidentiary standard in asylum cases—has remained ambiguous and difficult to apply in asylum cases. In Cardoza-Fonseca, the Supreme Court held that an asylum seeker can establish a well-founded fear with less than a 50% probability of future persecution. Although the Supreme Court sought to clarify the meaning of a well-founded fear, the decision has complicated the evidentiary standard by implying that it consists of two parts: the subjective component and objective component. The “subjective” component—the asylum seekers’ subjective fear …
Decolonizing Indigenous Migration, Angela R. Riley, Kristen A. Carpenter
Decolonizing Indigenous Migration, Angela R. Riley, Kristen A. Carpenter
Publications
As global attention turns increasingly to issues of migration, the Indigenous identity of migrants often remains invisible. At the U.S.-Mexico border, for example, a significant number of the individuals now being detained are people of indigenous origin, whether Kekchi, Mam, Achi, Ixil, Awakatek, Jakaltek or Qanjobal, coming from communities in Venezuela, Honduras, Guatemala and other countries. They may be leaving their homelands precisely because their rights as Indigenous Peoples, for example the right to occupy land collectively and without forcible removal, have been violated. But once they reach the United States, they are treated as any other migrants, without regard …
The Fractured Colossus: An Evaluation Of Gender-Based Asylum Claims For The 2020s, Karlo Goronja
The Fractured Colossus: An Evaluation Of Gender-Based Asylum Claims For The 2020s, Karlo Goronja
Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice
This Note analyzes asylum law’s lack of explicit protection for individuals who suffer persecution based on their gender, and the reluctance of immigration courts to grant asylum for claims centered on the applicant’s gender. This Note explores opportunities for relief from removal for gender-based asylum claims under the current framework, namely under the particular social group category of United States immigration law. After analysis under current law, this Note proposes a judicial resolution explicitly recognizing particular social groups such as “women from [country].” Next, a statutory of regulatory amendment is suggested that unequivocally allows for asylum claims on the basis …
It Is Time To Get Back To Basics On The Border, Donna Coltharp
It Is Time To Get Back To Basics On The Border, Donna Coltharp
The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice
Abstract forthcoming.
Not Your Average Summer Camp: Children In Immigration Detention, Cindy Izquierdo
Not Your Average Summer Camp: Children In Immigration Detention, Cindy Izquierdo
The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice
Abstract forthcoming.
Revisiting Immutability: Competing Frameworks For Adjudicating Asylum Claims Based On Membership In A Particular Social Group, Talia Shiff
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) defines a refugee as any person who has a “well-founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion.” An emerging issue in U.S. asylum law is how to define the category “membership of a particular social group.” This question has become ever-more pressing in light of the fact that the majority of migrants seeking asylum at the U.S.-Mexico border are claiming persecution on account of their “membership in a particular social group.” The INA does not define the meaning of “particular social group” and …
Asylum Update: Ninth Circuit Deals Two Defeats To The Trump Administration, Peter Margulies
Asylum Update: Ninth Circuit Deals Two Defeats To The Trump Administration, Peter Margulies
Law Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Sexual Violence And Future Harm: Lessons From Asylum Law, Shawn E. Fields
Sexual Violence And Future Harm: Lessons From Asylum Law, Shawn E. Fields
Utah Law Review
Sexual violence victims face unique and enduring safety risks following an assault. The legal system’s gradual shift from solely punishing offenders for past acts to protecting survivors from future harm reflects a recognition of this fact. But so-called “sexual assault protection order” statutes impose onerous “future harm” requirements – including proof by clear and convincing evidence that another sexual assault is imminent – that belies the realities of ongoing injury for victims and creates barriers to protection similar to the criminal justice approach to rape.
This Article suggests a different approach, one justified by a novel analogy to the refugee …
Protecting Stateless Refugees In The United States, David Baluarte
Protecting Stateless Refugees In The United States, David Baluarte
Scholarly Articles
This article proposes a more complete and nuanced consideration of statelessness in asylum adjudication procedures in the United States and the possibility of reopening previously denied asylum claims for this purpose. The article proceeds in four parts, beginning with a discussion of statelessness in the United States. Next, the article describes the international protection frameworks for both refugees and stateless persons and identifies important points of intersection between these frameworks. Then the article argues that discriminatory denationalization that renders a person stateless triggers refugee protection, thereby making victims of such deprivation eligible for asylum in the United States. The article …
Enter At Your Own Risk: Criminalizing Asylum-Seekers, Thomas M. Mcdonnell, Vanessa H. Merton
Enter At Your Own Risk: Criminalizing Asylum-Seekers, Thomas M. Mcdonnell, Vanessa H. Merton
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
In nearly three years in office, President Donald J. Trump’s war against immigrants and the foreign-born seems only to have intensified. Through a series of Executive Branch actions and policies rather than legislation, the Trump Administration has targeted immigrants and visitors from Muslim-majority countries, imposed quotas on and drastically reduced the independence of Immigration Court Judges, cut the number of refugees admitted by more than 80%, cancelled DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals), and stationed Immigration Customs and Enforcement (“ICE”) agents at state courtrooms to arrest unauthorized immigrants, intimidating them from participating as witnesses and litigants. Although initially saying that …
Lawyers Weekly Newsmaker Reception : November 20, 2019, Roger Williams University School Of Law, Michael M. Bowden
Lawyers Weekly Newsmaker Reception : November 20, 2019, Roger Williams University School Of Law, Michael M. Bowden
School of Law Conferences, Lectures & Events
No abstract provided.
The Past As Present, Unlearned Lessons And The (Non-) Utility Of International Law, Susan M. Akram
The Past As Present, Unlearned Lessons And The (Non-) Utility Of International Law, Susan M. Akram
Faculty Scholarship
The contemporary moment provides an acute illustration of the dangers of historical amnesia—as if the Trump Administration’s policies of exclusion, extremist nationalism, and presidential imperialism were singular to ‘now,’ and entirely reversible in the next election. This Article argues to the contrary; that we have been down this road before, and the current crisis in immigration and refugee policies is the inevitable development of trends of racism, including anti-Arab, anti-Muslim racism and xenophobia, that have only become normalized by the populist resurgence of Trumpism. If this premise is correct—that we are experiencing a culmination of a historical trajectory—what lessons from …
Assigning Protection: Can Refugee Rights And State Preferences Be Reconciled?, James C. Hathaway
Assigning Protection: Can Refugee Rights And State Preferences Be Reconciled?, James C. Hathaway
Articles
The theoretically global responsibility to protect refugees is today heavily skewed, with just ten countries – predominantly very poor – hosting more than half of the world’s refugee population. Refugee protection has moreover become tantamount to warehousing for most refugees, with roughly half of the world’s refugees stuck in “protracted refugee situations” for decades with their lives on hold. Both concerns – the unprincipled allocation of responsibility based on accidents of geography and the desperate need for greater attention to resettlement as a core protection response – cry out for a global, managed system to protect refugees.
Critiquing Matter Of A-B-: An Uncertain Future In Asylum Proceedings For Women Fleeing Intimate Partner Violence, Theresa A. Vogel
Critiquing Matter Of A-B-: An Uncertain Future In Asylum Proceedings For Women Fleeing Intimate Partner Violence, Theresa A. Vogel
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The #MeToo movement has brought renewed attention to the impact of gender inequality on our society’s ability to provide protection to women from physical and sexual violence, including intimate partner violence. Despite advances in legal protections and increased resources to prevent, prosecute, and bring an end to intimate partner violence, in the absence of true efforts to combat gender inequality as a whole, intimate partner violence will continue to pervade our society. The discussion of gender inequality’s impact on the treatment of intimate partner violence must expand beyond the violence that occurs in the United States to gender inequality’s impact …
A Life Absolutely Bare? A Reflection On Resistance By Irregular Refugees Against Fingerprinting As State Biopolitical Control In The European Union, Ziang Zhou
Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union
In a legally transitory category, irregular refugees- experience a double precariousness. They risk their lives to travel across treacherous seas to Europe for a better life. However, upon the long-awaited embarkation on the European land, they are exposed once again to the precariousness of the asylum application. They are “powerless”, “with no rights” and “to be sacrificed” as Giorgio Agamben and Hannah Arendt suggested in their respective understanding of a “bare life”, la nuda vita. In light of the administrative difficulties in managing asylum application, the European Union introduced the “Dublin Agreement”, which stipulates mandatory biometric data collection for …
The Consideration Of Male Victims Of Sexual Violence As A Subset Of The Particular Social Group “Homosexual” In Adjudicating Asylum Claims, Christiana Desrosiers
The Consideration Of Male Victims Of Sexual Violence As A Subset Of The Particular Social Group “Homosexual” In Adjudicating Asylum Claims, Christiana Desrosiers
Pace International Law Review
This Article analyzes the difficulties African male victims of sexual violence experience when seeking asylum in homophobic host countries and the lack of attention they receive from international and national governments and organizations. It concludes by recommending that male victims of sexual violence be able to seek asylum in host countries due to lack of medical care that they receive in their countries on account of imputed homosexual status.
Distant Voices Then And Now: The Impact Of Isolation On The Courtroom Narratives Of Slave Ship Captives And Asylum Seekers, Tara Patel
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
Part I compares the nineteenth century cases of the Antelope and the Amistad to identify why they resulted in different outcomes despite having similar fact patterns. The Antelope concerned the fate of approximately 280 African captives discovered on a slave trade ship upon its interception by a U.S. revenue cutter. Since the slave trade in the United States was illegal at the time, the captives were transported to Savannah for trial through which their status—free or slave—would be determined. After a lengthy trial and appeals process in which Spain and Portugal laid claim to the captives, the Supreme Court determined …
A Particularly Serious Exception To The Categorical Approach, Fatma E. Marouf
A Particularly Serious Exception To The Categorical Approach, Fatma E. Marouf
Fatma Marouf
A noncitizen who has been convicted of a “particularly serious crime” can be deported to a country where there is a greater than fifty percent chance of persecution or death. Yet, the Board of Immigration Appeals has not provided a clear test for determining what is a “particularly serious crime.” The current test, which combines an examination of the elements with a fact-specific inquiry, has led to arbitrary and unpredictable decisions about what types of offenses are “particularly serious.” This Article argues that the categorical approach for analyzing convictions should be applied to the particularly serious crime determination to promote …
Involuntary Sterilization Among Hiv-Positive Garifuna Women From Honduras Seeking Asylum In The United States: Two Case Reports, Holly G. Atkinson, Deborah Ottenheimer
Involuntary Sterilization Among Hiv-Positive Garifuna Women From Honduras Seeking Asylum In The United States: Two Case Reports, Holly G. Atkinson, Deborah Ottenheimer
Publications and Research
Voluntary sterilization is one of the most widely used forms of contraception by women worldwide; however, involuntary sterilization is considered a violation of multiple human rights and grounds for asylum in the United States. Women have been disproportionately affected by this practice. We report two cases of involuntary sterilization in HIV-positive Garifuna women from Honduras who sought asylum in America and were medically evaluated at the request of their attorneys. Key lessons can be drawn from these cases with regard to the importance of medical evaluations in establishing persecution. These include the need for a detailed account of the events …
Special Feature: Eighth Colloquium On Challenges In International Refugee Law, James C. Hathaway
Special Feature: Eighth Colloquium On Challenges In International Refugee Law, James C. Hathaway
Michigan Journal of International Law
It is our hope that, as in the case of earlier Michigan Guidelines on the International Protection of Refugees, these unanimously agreed standards will inspire a thoughtful and principled debate among scholars, officials, and judicial and other refugee law decision-makers committed to the legally accurate and contextually sound application of international refugee law norms.
Refugees And The Right To Freedom Of Movement: From Flight To Return, Marjoleine Zieck
Refugees And The Right To Freedom Of Movement: From Flight To Return, Marjoleine Zieck
Michigan Journal of International Law
This background study focuses on the right to freedom of movement of refugees. It reviews the law pertaining to this freedom from the perspective of the spatial journey of refugees. This focus on the law means that extralegal considerations will not be taken into consideration. The analysis will not proceed from any perceived need for limits that should be accepted as “a product of realism about the strains that migration, especially high-volume migration or sudden influxes, can bring to a society.”
Sky Is The Limit: Protecting Unaccompanied Minors By Not Subjecting Them To Numerical Limitations, Deborah Gonzalez
Sky Is The Limit: Protecting Unaccompanied Minors By Not Subjecting Them To Numerical Limitations, Deborah Gonzalez
Law Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Sessions’ New Asylum Posture & Lgbtq Refugees, Arthur S. Leonard
Sessions’ New Asylum Posture & Lgbtq Refugees, Arthur S. Leonard
Other Publications
No abstract provided.
Administrative Chaos: Responding To Child Refugees - U.S. Immigration Process In Crisis, Lenni Benson
Administrative Chaos: Responding To Child Refugees - U.S. Immigration Process In Crisis, Lenni Benson
Articles & Chapters
The Immigration court is the wrong forum to consider the protection needs of migrant children. Worse still, our multiple agencies that adjudicate parts of children’s cases combined with the rapidly shifting policies are causing administrative chaos for the children and the system.