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Edwarn Snowden; Metadata; Personal privacy; National Security Agency (NSA); Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ); United States of America (USA); United Kingdom (UK); European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR); European Convention on Rights (ECHR); Investigatory Powers Tribunal; Britain; British Parliament; Telecommunications Act of 1984; American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU); USA PATROIT Act; Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000; International human rights; Communications data; Confidential information; Disclosure of Communications Data Code of Practice; Surveillance program; Freedom of expression; National security; United Nation's Human Rights Council; United Nations General Assembly; First Amendment; United States Constitution; Jouralist; Jouralism
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Full-Text Articles in Law
The Scrivener’S Secrets Seen Through The Spyglass: Gchq And The International Right To Journalistic Expression, Matthew B. Hurowitz
The Scrivener’S Secrets Seen Through The Spyglass: Gchq And The International Right To Journalistic Expression, Matthew B. Hurowitz
Brooklyn Journal of International Law
As part of the U.K.’s electronic surveillance program, the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), started in 1909 to combat German Spies, now collects metadata from both foreigners and its own citizens. Through the express statutory authority of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act of 2000 (RIPA), and a loophole in section 94 of the Telecommunications Act of 1984, the GCHQ collects metadata, which is all of the information that is extrinsic to the actual contents of a communication. The GCHQ can request an authorization from a public authority—a member of its own staff—to collect traffic data, service use information, or subscriber …