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Articles 1 - 30 of 39
Full-Text Articles in Law
Democracy And Torture, Patrick A. Maurer
Democracy And Torture, Patrick A. Maurer
Patrick A Maurer
September 11th spawned an era of political changes to fundamental rights. The focus of this discussion is to highlight Guantanamo Bay torture incidents. This analysis will explore the usages of torture from a legal standpoint in the United States.
The Isis Crisis And The Development Of International Humanitarian Law, Johan D. Van Der Vyver
The Isis Crisis And The Development Of International Humanitarian Law, Johan D. Van Der Vyver
Johan D van der Vyver
ABOUT THE ARTICLE This article identifies the rules of international humanitarian law that have a bearing on the Israeli offensive in Gaza. It first of all attempts to establish whether or not Israel remained an Occupying Power after its disengagement from the Gaza Strip in 2005. If due to the control Israel continued to exercise over border crossings, electricity and water supplies and the like, Israel is found to be de facto in occupation of Gaza, the Hamas responses would qualify as a war of liberation, which in terms of Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 …
Designing Emotional And Psychological Support Into Truth And Reconciliation Commissions, Verlyn F. Francis Ms.
Designing Emotional And Psychological Support Into Truth And Reconciliation Commissions, Verlyn F. Francis Ms.
Verlyn F. Francis Ms.
Truth and Reconciliation Commissions are a dispute resolution mechanism used to attempt to reunite countries and states after internal conflicts and civil wars. A large component of this transitional justice process involves truth-telling by perpetrators and victims. The ultimate goal is reconciliation of the parties within the unified state.
Using the example of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission, this paper argues that successful reconciliation depends on the design of the process. It is important for the designer to balance individual and institutional interests and to ensure that all stakeholders are at the design table. Since the truth-telling in …
Climate Change And Human Rights: Intellectual Property Challenges And Opportunities, Alexandra Phelan
Climate Change And Human Rights: Intellectual Property Challenges And Opportunities, Alexandra Phelan
Matthew Rimmer
Mitigating and adapting to the effects of climate change will require innovation and the development of new technologies. Intellectual property laws have a key part to play in the global transfer of climate technologies. However, failures to properly utilize flexibilities in intellectual property regimes or comply with technology transfer obligations under international climate change agreements calls for a human rights based analysis of climate technology transfer. Climate change is an unprecedented challenge and requires unprecedented strategies. Given the substantial impact of climate change on all of humanity and the ethical imperative to act, a complete rethink of traditional intellectual property …
Privately Failing: Recidivism In Public And Private Prisons, Lee N. Gilgan
Privately Failing: Recidivism In Public And Private Prisons, Lee N. Gilgan
Lee N Gilgan
This study would add to available research regarding recidivism rates following incarceration in private prisons in contrast to incarceration in government-run prisons. This is a non-experimental meta-analysis viewing numerous studies discussing the effects of multiple covariants within public and private prisons. Based on the information and conclusion in these studies, we find that there is little overall consensus concerning the effects of increased privatization on recidivism. While many studies find certain aspects of privatization to have some potential effect on recidivism, there are many other aspects that either are out of scope or have a negative effect on recidivism. However, …
Constant Development And The Right To The Right To The Environment As The Third Generation Of Human Rights, Masume Zareie
Constant Development And The Right To The Right To The Environment As The Third Generation Of Human Rights, Masume Zareie
masume zareie
From among the third generation of human rights , the right of Constant development is Considered as the basis for Other Crucial rights. The rights of the environment are part of general international rights which regulate the Occasions between those obedient of international rights (governments and international organizations.)this legal order is mainly based on bilateral and multilateral treaties and judicial international Convention the right to the environment is reflective of high and basic values similar to the environment is reflective of high and basic values similar to the right to life , the right to health and life of standard …
A Child’S Right To A Family Versus A State’S Discretion To Institutionalize The Child, Richard R. Carlson
A Child’S Right To A Family Versus A State’S Discretion To Institutionalize The Child, Richard R. Carlson
Richard R Carlson
International law, represented particularly by the U.N. Convention of the Rights of the Child (CRC), declares that a child has the right to be raised in a "family environment." Nevertheless, the CRC grants states the discretion to institutionalize children who are without functioning families. States have this discretion because the CRC does not require states to arrange, facilitate, or even allow for child placement in a permanent, substitute family. In this article, I describe this contradiction in international law--a child's right a family environment versus the state's discretion to institutionalize the child--and I explore the possible reasons for the contradiction. …
Deported To Die? Applying The Categorical Approach To The "Particularly Serious Crime" Bar, Fatma E. Marouf
Deported To Die? Applying The Categorical Approach To The "Particularly Serious Crime" Bar, Fatma E. Marouf
Fatma E Marouf
A noncitizen who has been convicted of a “particularly serious crime” can be deported to a country where there is a greater than fifty percent chance of persecution or death. Yet the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA) has not provided a clear test for determining what is a “particularly serious crime.” The current test, which combines an examining of the elements of the crime with a fact-specific inquiry, has led to arbitrary and unpredictable decisions about what types of offense are “particularly serious.” This Article argues that the categorical approach for analyzing convictions should be applied to the particularly serious …
There's No Evidence That Death Penalty Is A Deterrent Against Crime, John J. Donohue
There's No Evidence That Death Penalty Is A Deterrent Against Crime, John J. Donohue
John Donohue
No abstract provided.
The High Price Of Poverty: A Study Of How The Majority Of Current Court System Procedures For Collecting Court Costs And Fees, As Well As Fines, Have Failed To Adhere To Established Precedent And The Constitutional Guarantees They Advocate., Trevor J. Calligan
Trevor J Calligan
No abstract provided.
Beyond The Written Constitution: A Short Analysis Of Warren Court, Thiago Luis Sombra
Beyond The Written Constitution: A Short Analysis Of Warren Court, Thiago Luis Sombra
Thiago Luís Santos Sombra
This essay propose an analysis about how Warren Court became one of the most particular in American History by confronting Jim Crow law, especially by applying the Bill of Rights. In this essay, we propose an analysis of how complex the unwritten Constitution is. Cases like Brown vs. Board of Education will be analyzed from a different point of view to understand the methods of the Court.
Beyond The Written Constitution: A Short Analysis Of Warren Court, Thiago Luis Santos Sombra
Beyond The Written Constitution: A Short Analysis Of Warren Court, Thiago Luis Santos Sombra
Thiago Luís Santos Sombra
This essay propose an analysis about how Warren Court became one of the most particular in American History by confronting Jim Crow law, especially by applying the Bill of Rights. In this essay, we propose an analysis of how complex the unwritten Constitution is. Cases like Brown vs. Board of Education will be analyzed from a different point of view to understand the methods of the Court.
Do We Know How To Punish?, Benjamin L. Apt
Do We Know How To Punish?, Benjamin L. Apt
Benjamin L. Apt
A number of current theories attempt to explain the purpose and need for criminal punishment. All of them depend on some sort of normative basis in justifying why the state may penalize people found guilty of crimes. Yet each of these theories lacks an epistemological foundation; none of them explains how we can know what form punishments should take. The article analyses the epistemological gaps in the predominant theories of punishment: retributivism, including limited-retributivism; and consequentialism in its various versions, ranging from deterrence to the reparative theories such as restorative justice and rehabilitation. It demonstrates that the common putative epistemological …
Reflexiones Con Respecto Al Equilibrio De Poderes Y Los Procesos Contra Aforados.®, Daniel Fernando Gómez Tamayo
Reflexiones Con Respecto Al Equilibrio De Poderes Y Los Procesos Contra Aforados.®, Daniel Fernando Gómez Tamayo
Daniel Fernando Gómez Tamayo
¿Puede Ernesto Samper pizano recibir dinero del cartel de Cali para financiar la campaña presidencial? ¿Puede el congreso precluir la investigación contra el dirigente liberal? ¿Cuál era el interés de la Primera Dama de la Nación de ese entonces en unos predios que administraban entidades públicas?
The Impact Of Interior Immigration Enforcement On Mixed-Citizenship Families, Michael J. Sullivan, Roger Enriquez Sr.
The Impact Of Interior Immigration Enforcement On Mixed-Citizenship Families, Michael J. Sullivan, Roger Enriquez Sr.
Roger Enriquez Sr.
In this article, we trace the expansion of interior immigration enforcement measures since the 1990s, focusing on the period after the creation of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in 2003. We consider the rationale for escalation of enforcement and its expansion to include local and state law enforcement agencies during this period. We will examine who benefits economically and politically, detailing the role of local jails, private corrections corporations, and the communities that are financially dependent on the prisons industry. Throughout, we consider how the expansion of immigration enforcement has affected U.S. citizen children and spouses of unauthorized …
Magdalena Malima - Lessons Drawn From Refugees' Problems, Ubuntu Institute Students
Magdalena Malima - Lessons Drawn From Refugees' Problems, Ubuntu Institute Students
Ubuntu Institute Students
Conflicts and natural disasters create refugees. The author defines the meaning of refugees and outlines the duties to share the burden of refugees and of stopping the causes of refugees. In doing so, the author takes multidisciplinary approach
Secession: The Contradicting Provisions Of The United Nations Charter – A Direct Threat To The Current World Order, N. Micheli Quadros
Secession: The Contradicting Provisions Of The United Nations Charter – A Direct Threat To The Current World Order, N. Micheli Quadros
N. Micheli Quadros
The preamble of the United Nations' Charter (hereinafter UN Charter) presents its members declaration under which justice and respect for international law and the international community is supposed to be maintained. To date, the United Nations (UN) has failed to ensure international peace by allowing powerful states to infringe upon other nations’ territorial integrity and manipulate individuals to exercise their right of self-determination.
Outdated, redundant and vague provisions that proved their inefficiency have plagued the UN Charter. Chapter I, Art 1 § 2 of the UN Charter, states that one of the main purpose of the UN is “to develop …
Casos De Hermenéútica A La La Luz Del Estatuto De La Corte Penal Internacional®, Daniel Fernando Gómez Tamayo
Casos De Hermenéútica A La La Luz Del Estatuto De La Corte Penal Internacional®, Daniel Fernando Gómez Tamayo
Daniel Fernando Gómez Tamayo
En este ensayo se abordará el abuso del poder, el prevaricato por acción, el riesgo del robo digital de dinero a las empresas del sector privado por federales de la embajada americana (microsoft); el fuero militar de oficiales con antecedentes disciplinarios y penales. ¿ Se puede hablar de democracia cuando existen una política fascista?; ¿"que piensan los demócratas que el DAS coloque micrófonos a los congresistas del M-19?" ¿El TLC con Estados Unidos está vigente?, ¿hubo espionaje de la oficial americana en los intereses colombianos en el TLC.? ¿US Marschalls (Procuradores o víctima de delitos federales o crímenes de estado …
El Derecho Laboral Y Las Personas Con Discapacidad En El Perú: Estándares Internacionales Y Análisis De Las Implicancias De La Ley General De La Persona Con Discapacidad Y Su Reglamento, Elard Ricardo Bolaños Salazar
El Derecho Laboral Y Las Personas Con Discapacidad En El Perú: Estándares Internacionales Y Análisis De Las Implicancias De La Ley General De La Persona Con Discapacidad Y Su Reglamento, Elard Ricardo Bolaños Salazar
Elard Ricardo Bolaños Salazar
El presente trabajo aborda un tema que no ha sido muy debatido en el Perú a pesar de su gran importancia. El desempeño de las personas con discapacidad en el ámbito laboral cobra un realce superlativo cuando nos damos cuenta que este grupo en situación de vulnerabilidad también necesita satisfacer necesidades propias de desarrollo y crecimiento, en efecto, es a través de un trabajo que la persona con discapacidad puede volverse realmente independiente y, en consecuencia, ser ella misma hacedor de su propio destino. En tal sentido, este artículo abordará cuales son la implicancias de la nueva ley general de …
Latest Surveys And Polls On Bascule Of Religion And Belief In Both The United Kingdom And Iran, Mohamad Ali Ali Yousefkhani Mr
Latest Surveys And Polls On Bascule Of Religion And Belief In Both The United Kingdom And Iran, Mohamad Ali Ali Yousefkhani Mr
Mohamad Ali Ali Yousefkhani
Numerous surveys indicate that the proportion of individuals who do not hold religious beliefs is steadily increasing. Religions and beliefs are notoriously difficult to measure, as they are not fixed or innate, and therefore any poll should be primarily treated as an indication of beliefs rather than a concrete measure. However, one of the foremost respected measures of religious attitudes is the annual British Social Attitudes Survey, further details of the latest report may be found on NatCen’s website
Detention Of Australia’S Asylum Seekers In Nauru: Is Deprivation Of Liberty By Any Other Name Just As Unlawful?, Azadeh Dastyari
Detention Of Australia’S Asylum Seekers In Nauru: Is Deprivation Of Liberty By Any Other Name Just As Unlawful?, Azadeh Dastyari
Azadeh Dastyari
This article will examine the detention of Australia’s asylum seekers in Nauru. In particular, this article will assess the conformity of the 2013 MOU between Australia and Nauru with the protections against unlawful deprivation of liberty under the Constitution of Nauru and the protections against arbitrary detention afforded to asylum seekers under international law.
The article will begin by discussing the transfer of asylum seekers by Australia to Nauru and the legality of this arrangement under Australian municipal law. The article will then discuss the arrangements for asylum seekers once they are in Nauru. It will demonstrate that the confinement …
Dialogical Constitutionalism Manifestations In The Brazilian Judicial Review, Vanice L. Valle
Dialogical Constitutionalism Manifestations In The Brazilian Judicial Review, Vanice L. Valle
Vanice L. Valle
The exponential growth in judicial review in Brazil, compared with the international scenery, is not out of tune – and it has a direct relation with many Brazilian constitutional features. An analytical text (with over 400 articles) and a large spectrum of fundamental rights, provide an ambience that favors highly intense controversy about State obligations in providing goods and public services, or even about the possible tensions that may arise between those same rights. The Brazilian Supreme Court faces that unmanageable number of lawsuits, notably related with claims regarding the non-granting of socioeconomic rights. That discussion give rise to intense …
Submission To The Select Committee On The Recent Allegations Relating To Conditions And Circumstances At The Regional Processing Centre In Nauru, Azadeh Dastyari
Submission To The Select Committee On The Recent Allegations Relating To Conditions And Circumstances At The Regional Processing Centre In Nauru, Azadeh Dastyari
Azadeh Dastyari
No abstract provided.
Liberdade De Expressão, Liberdade De Ofender, Antonio Pele
Liberdade De Expressão, Liberdade De Ofender, Antonio Pele
Antonio Pele
No abstract provided.
Shared Responsibility Regulation Model For Cross-Border Reproductive Transactions, Sharon Bassan
Shared Responsibility Regulation Model For Cross-Border Reproductive Transactions, Sharon Bassan
Sharon Bassan
The term “cross-border reproductive transactions” refers to the phenomenon of tens of thousands of people who travel from one country to another to purchase reproductive services, in order to have a child. The foci of this paper are the lion share of cross-border reproductive transactions, specifically between consumers, i.e., intended parents from affluent countries, and suppliers of reproductive services, egg sellers and surrogate mothers, the majority of whom are from lower middle-income countries. Strong concerns regarding the morality of consumers’ states’ policy arise when a country nationally restricts or bans commercial surrogacy, while accepting the results of cross-border reproductive transactions …
Land Tenure Security In Colombia: For Whom? What For? The Relativity Of The Property Rights Regime In The Context Of Transitional Justice And Economic Globalization, Marco A. Velásquez-Ruiz
Land Tenure Security In Colombia: For Whom? What For? The Relativity Of The Property Rights Regime In The Context Of Transitional Justice And Economic Globalization, Marco A. Velásquez-Ruiz
Marco A. Velásquez-Ruiz
This paper intends to illustrate current challenges around the conceptualization and articulation of land tenure security in Colombia. This situation is explained by the existence of tensions between divergent normative rationales within the country’s policy agenda. On the one hand, the implementation of a transitional justice project intended to achieve sustainable peace in the country through the compensation of victims and execution of structural adjustments in the rural side. And on the other, the systematic conclusion of international investment agreements so as to attract foreign investment by means of the provision of a stable legal environment. It is contended that …
La Objeción De Conciencia, Ramiro De Valdivia Cano
La Objeción De Conciencia, Ramiro De Valdivia Cano
Ramiro De Valdivia Cano
Se debe consagrar como Derecho Fundamental el derecho a desacatar aquellas normas que promulga el Estado y que afectan los Derechos Humanos, la dignidad humana, los principios jurídicos o religiosos personales.
Duty To Revolt, Katherine Crabtree
Duty To Revolt, Katherine Crabtree
Katherine Crabtree
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights not only prescribes universal rights but also individual duties, stating “everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.” This paper examines the nature of the right to revolution and considers whether an individual’s duty to uphold human rights includes a moral duty to revolt when the current social structure permits or requires intolerable systematic human rights violations. Four subsections discuss (1) the development and nature of disciplinary power that a government imposes on citizens in order to force conformity to the laws, (2) …
Ttip: Widening The Market And Narrowing The Competition?, Michele Faioli
Ttip: Widening The Market And Narrowing The Competition?, Michele Faioli
Michele Faioli
The Scuola Europea di Relazioni Industriali – SERI is pleased to announce the monographic part “Economia&Lavoro” (vol. 2, 2015), Fondazione Giacomo Brodolini’s four-monthly journal published by Carocci.
Women, Pmscs And International Law, Ana Filipa Vrdoljak
Women, Pmscs And International Law, Ana Filipa Vrdoljak
Ana Filipa Vrdoljak
It is deeply ironic that as the implementation and enforcement of international humanitarian law and human rights law has been strengthened, in the last decades, through the establishment of individual complaint procedures, specialist tribunal and courts covering breaches of human rights law, international humanitarian law and international criminal law, there has been an erosion of these principles and protections through the privatisation of governmental and intergovernmental functions. Despite an exponential increase in the contracting out of these activities to PMSCs since 2001, the legal regulation of these companies and their personnel has been slow and fragmented.
The failure of the …