Law Commons^™

On Parol: The Construction And Interpretation Of Written Agreements And The Role Of Extrinsic Evidence In Contract Litigation, Keith A. Rowley

Scholarly Works

As a general rule, extrinsic evidence, whether written or oral, is not admissible to prove either the intent of the parties to a contract or the meaning of contractual terms when the parties have executed an unambiguous, fully-integrated (i.e., final and all-inclusive) written agreement. The trial court may consider various types of extrinsic evidence, however, in determining whether a particular agreement is fully integrated or ambiguous, and even in choosing among rival interpretations of an agreement where ambiguity is not present. If the trial court determines that an agreement is not fully integrated, then the trier of fact may consider …

Procedure And Evidence -- 1957 Tennessee Survey, Edmund M. Morgan

Vanderbilt Law Review

PLEADING

Generally: Pleadings are construed liberally in favor of the pleader,and this is particularly true when the attack is made after judgment.

Use of Several Counts: It is entirely proper under prevailing practice to state the same cause of action in several counts, each setting forth a different theory or ground of recovery; but they must not be so framed as to make the declaration prolix and unduly repetitious.

Same-Pleading Evidence of Ultimate Fact: In most jurisdictions with a typical code, allegations of evidence from which the ultimate fact may be deduced, whether or not the deduction is expressly averred …

What Constitutes A Fair Procedure Before The National Labor Relations Board, Clyde W. Summers

Michigan Law Review

No administrative body in recent times has received as much criticism, both favorable and unfavorable, as has the National Labor Relations Board in its administration of the National Labor Relations Act. Such a vast amount of material has been written on the procedure before the board that any further discussion would seem superfluous. However, the discussion of the board's procedure has been related more to the wisdom of choice which the board has made in setting up its procedure than to a determination of the line that separates legality from illegality in its determination of cases.