Law Commons^™

Testing Tribe’S Triangle, Justin Sevier

Scholarly Publications

Since its inception, evidence policymakers have vacillated with respect to whether the rule barring hearsay evidence at trial is a doctrine designed to promote decisional accuracy or a doctrine designed to promote procedural justice.

To the extent that policymakers view the rule barring hearsay evidence as promoting decisional accuracy, the rationale for this view stems from the “testimonial triangle” promulgated by Professor Laurence Tribe, which conceptualizes the objections to hearsay evidence at common law. Tribe’s testimonial triangle states that (1) several infirmities lurk behind all testimony provided in court, and (2) testimony based on hearsay is subject to two sets …

Signal Vs. Noise: Some Comments On Professor Stein's Theory Of Evidential Efficiency, Emily Spottswood

Scholarly Publications

In this Essay, I examine Professor Stein's intriguing new theory of evidential efficiency, which posits that judges should admit evidence whenever it has a sufficiently high "signal-to-noise ratio." I explore a slightly different definition of the concepts of "signal" and "noise" than Stein, based upon likelihood ratio values rather than the underlying probabilities of events, and I explain why these altered concepts may be analytically superior. Additionally, I call into question the strength of the connection between the signal-to-noise ratio of a piece of evidence and the costs of admitting it at trial. Nevertheless, Stein's project is worthy of great …

Emotional Fact-Finding, Emily Spottswood

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.

Redesigning The Science Court, Justin Sevier

Scholarly Publications

Scientific evidence is a field in crisis. The validity and reliability of forensic techniques have been criticized by nearly every actor in the legal community—by attorneys, judges, the legal academy, and even the National Academy of Sciences—and high-profile cases of scientific evidence gone awry have garnered national attention. Policymakers have suggested many solutions to the scientific evidence crisis, including a controversial proposal to remove complex scientific cases from state and federal dockets and to hear those cases instead in a specialized “science court.”

Science court proposals face one substantial hurdle: they have become exceedingly unpopular. But …

Avoiding Adversarial Adjudication, Michael T. Morley

Scholarly Publications

There are a variety of procedural vehicles through which litigants may seek a substantive court ruling or order that declares or modifies their legal rights and obligations without actually litigating the merits of a case as a whole or particular issues within the case. These alternatives include defaults, failures to oppose motions for summary judgment, waivers and forfeitures, stipulations of law, confessions of error, and consent decrees. Courts presently apply different standards in determining whether to accept or allow litigants to take advantage of each of these vehicles for avoiding adversarial adjudication. Because all of these procedural alternatives share the …

The Sixth Amendment And Expert Witnesses In Criminal Tax Cases, Steve R. Johnson

Scholarly Publications

Recently, in the Baxter case, a federal district court vacated the sentence imposed as a result of a guilty plea in a criminal tax case. The court held that the failure of defense counsel to retain the services of an expert in tax crimes sentencing violated the defendant’s Sixth Amendment right to effective representation.

This installment of the Tax Crimes column explores Baxter. Part A briefly notes the civil and criminal tax contexts in which tax experts are used. Part B describes Baxter and its holding. Part C asks whether defense counsel in criminal tax cases should always retain a …

The Work Product Doctrine And Tax Accrual Workpapers, Steve R. Johnson

Scholarly Publications

In its rehearing of Textron, the First Circuit has an opportunity to rectify an error and curb unwise recent expansion of work product protection for tax accrual workpapers. In August 2007, a district court denied the government’s petition for enforcement of an IRS summons on Textron Inc. and its subsidiaries for tax accrual workpapers in connection with IRS examinations of the taxpayers’ 1998 to 2001 income tax returns. A divided panel of the First Circuit affirmed in January 2009. In March 2009, the First Circuit withdrew the panel opinion and dissent, and it set the case for en banc hearing …

The Conflict Concerning Expert Witness And Legal Conclusions, Charles W. Ehrhardt

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.

Repuation And Character In Defamation Actions, Charles W. Ehrhardt

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.

A Look At Florida's Proposed Code Of Evidence, Charles W. Ehrhardt

Scholarly Publications

The law of evidence had been codified in three states, California, New Jersey and Kansas, prior to the United States Supreme Court's promulgation of the Proposed Federal Rules of Evidence. The submission of the rules to the Congress, and their approval, as amended, by the House of Representatives served as the catalyst for renewed interest in evidence codification. Three states have recently adopted comprehensive Rules of Evidence that closely parallel the Proposed Federal Rules, and at least four other states, including Florida, have drafted or are actively considering the adoption of such a codification. During the 1974 session of the …

Evidence Code: Privileges, Charles W. Ehrhardt

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.

Evidence Code: Presumptions, Charles W. Ehrhardt

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.

Evidence Code: Hearsay, Charles W. Ehrhardt

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.

Evidence Code: Authentication And Identification, Charles W. Ehrhardt

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.

Evidence Code: General Provisons, Charles W. Ehrhardt

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.

Evidence Code: Witnesses, Charles W. Ehrhardt

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.

Evidence Code: Relevancy, Charles W. Ehrhardt

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.

Evidence Code: Opinions And Expert Testimony, Charles W. Ehrhardt

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.

Evidence Code: Judical Notice, Charles W. Ehrhardt

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.