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Measures With Multiple Purposes: Puzzles From Ec-Seal Products, Donald H. Regan
Measures With Multiple Purposes: Puzzles From Ec-Seal Products, Donald H. Regan
Articles
European Communities—Measures Prohibiting the Importation and Marketing of Seal Products is the first case in which the dispute system of the World Trade Organization (WTO) has wrestled with a regulation that pursued multiple conflicting, legitimate purposes. (I will explain later why Brazil—Retreaded Tyres is not such a case.) This generates puzzles about applying the definition of a “technical regulation” to complex measures; about whether an exception to a ban can be justified by a purpose different from that of the ban; and about how to apply “less restrictive alternative” analysis to measures with multiple goals. The first of these puzzles …
Citizen Access To Judicial Review Of Administrative Action In A Transnational And Federal Context, Eric Stein, Joseph Vining
Citizen Access To Judicial Review Of Administrative Action In A Transnational And Federal Context, Eric Stein, Joseph Vining
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In an international legal order dominated by states, the individual citizen is generally viewed as lacking international legal personality. It is true with little exception that an individual cannot appear in an international forum, political or judicial, to press his rights. Despite the dramatically increased emphasis upon international protection of basic human rights, individuals have been given access to international dispute-settlement machinery in only a few isolated instances within the United Nations system, and on a regional level pursuant to the European Convention on Human Rights. The Paris Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and the Rome …