Law Commons^™

A Protector By Any Other Name........., Alexander A. Bove Jr

Alexander A Bove Jr

No abstract provided.

The Divergent Evolution Of English Property Law, Jerry L. Anderson

Jerry L. Anderson

Despite the common origins of American and English property law, there are now some significant, and interesting, differences. This article examines five divergent aspects in the areas of title registration, limitations on ownership, condominiums, adverse possession, and foreclosure. In each case, the differences should cause us to think about whether our system represents the best approach, in terms of efficiency and fairness.

Trust And Good-Faith Taken To A New Level: An Analysis Of Inconsistent Behavior In The Brazilian Legal Order, Thiago Luis Sombra

Thiago Luís Santos Sombra

With the changes in the paradigm of voluntarism developed under the protection of liberalism, the bases for legal acts have reached an objective dimension, resulting in the birth of a number of mechanisms of control of private autonomy. Among these mechanisms, we can point out the relevance of those reinforced by the Roman Law, whose high ethical value underlines one of its biggest virtues in the control of the exercise of subjective rights. The prohibition of inconsistent behavior, conceived in the brocard venire contra factum proprium, constitutes one of the concepts from the Roman Law renown for the protection …

An Approach To The Regulation Of Spanish Banking Foundations, Miguel Martínez

Miguel Martínez

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the legal framework governing banking foundations as they have been regulated by Spanish Act 26/2013, of December 27th, on savings banks and banking foundations. Title 2 of this regulation addresses a construct that is groundbreaking for the Spanish legal system, still of paramount importance for the entire financial system insofar as these foundations become the leading players behind certain banking institutions given the high interest that foundations hold in the share capital of such institutions.

The Proposed Inheritance Tax And Its Impact On China's Economy, Michael Steve

Michael Steve

No abstract provided.

The Secret Economy Of Charitable Giving, Allison Anna Tait

Allison Anna Tait

Charitable giving is big business. In 2009, the Internal Revenue Service reported close to 100,000 private foundations, almost double the number from fifteen years earlier. Some of these charitable trusts, like the Gates Foundation, are multi-billion dollar enterprises. Trust instruments and other governing documents set forth the terms that control these gifts. Because charitable trusts can exist in perpetuity, however, changing circumstances sometimes render the terms difficult to fulfill. Courts can apply cy pres, a saving doctrine that allows for the modification of gift restrictions, but in the past courts have tended to apply cy pres narrowly and privilege donor …

The Family Llc: A New Approach To Insuring Dynastic Wealth, Evan M. Purcell

Evan M Purcell

No abstract provided.

Navigating A Post-Windsor World: The Promise And Limits Of Marriage Equality, Nancy J. Knauer

Nancy J. Knauer

When the 2013 landmark decision in U.S. v. Windsor invalidated part of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), it was hailed as a landmark civil rights victory, but its implementation has been far from seamless. The federal government has not applied a uniform rule for marriage recognition, applying a state-of-domicile rule for some purposes (Social Security) and a broader state-of-celebration rule for others (e.g., federal tax matters). Moreover, Windsor did not directly address the state-level marriage prohibitions that remain in place in the majority of states. As a result, the United States continues to be a patchwork of marriage laws …

The Beginning Of The End Of Coverture: A Reappraisal Of The Married Woman’S Separate Estate, Allison Anna Tait

Allison Anna Tait

Before statutory enactments in the nineteenth century granted married women a limited set of property rights, the separate estate trust was, by and large, the sole form of married women’s property. Although the separate estate allowed married women to circumvent the law of coverture, historians have generally viewed the separate estate as an ineffective vehicle for extending property rights to married women. In this Article, I reappraise the separate estate’s utility and argue that Chancery’s separate estate jurisprudence during the eighteenth century was a critical first step in the establishment of married women as property-holders. Separate estates guaranteed critical financial …

On Trust And Transubstantiation: Mitigating The Excesses Of Ownership, Avihay Dorfman

Avihay Dorfman

The legal institution of trust gives rise to two basic sets of question. The first set concerns the respective rights held by the trustee and the beneficiary with respect to the trust property — do these rights feature a structure characteristic of property, contract, or something in between. The second concerns the normative relationship between the trustee and the beneficiary themselves — what explains the existence and content of the obligations owed by the trustee to the beneficiary, especially the fiduciary duty of loyalty, according to which the trustee is expected to act in the sole, rather than merely the …

The Hide And Seek Of Creditors And Debtors: Examining The Effectiveness Of Domestic Asset Protection Trusts For The Massachusetts Settlor, Nina Dow

Nina Dow

No abstract provided.

Protecting Those Who Need It Most: A Call For Change To The Tax Application Of Qualified Domestic Relations Orders When Placed Into Special Needs Trusts, Conor Francis Linehan

Conor Francis Linehan

This note calls for a change to the way the Internal Revenue Code is applied towards qualified domestic relations orders when used to fund or partially fund special needs trusts, specifically irrevocable (d)(4)(B) trusts created under § 1396p.

The current status of the law is that an individual can roll over a qualified domestic relations order into a new retirement account in a tax-free transfer. If an individual elects to not roll over into a new retirement fund, some additional exemptions to various early termination penalties and lump sum payments have already been carved out of the Code.

This note …

Case Note: In Re Estate Of Brown (Tenn. 2013), Lee T. Nutini

Lee T Nutini

A case note analyzing the current conflict in Tennessee precedent concerning contract-based will contests and their jurisdictional challenges. This article is now published in the Tennessee Law Review and is available on Westlaw or LexisNexis at 80 Tenn. L. Rev. 883.

Las Medianas Empresas: Aproposito Del Reglamento Alternativo De Valores, John Pineda Galarza

John Pineda Galarza

Las medianas empresas como parte de su crecimiento necesitan alternativas de financiamiento que se adecuen a su realidad. Es así que el financiamiento bursátil, a través de la emisión de Instrumentos de Corto Plazo (ICP) es una alternativa. No obstante, existen costos asociados que encarecen la primera emisión haciéndola más cara que el financiamiento tradicional (bancario) pues el emisor deberá incurrir en costos de naturaleza única antes de colocar los ICP, que se traducen en 3 o 4 puntos adicionales sobre la tasa de colocación. El problema es que, en el Perú, la alternativa de financiamiento a través de la …

Shifting Sands: A Meta-Theory For Public Access And Private Property Along The Coast, Melissa K. Scanlan

Melissa K. Scanlan

Over half the United States population currently lives near a coast. As shorelines are used by more people, developed by private owners, and altered by extreme weather, competition over access to water and beaches will intensify, as will the need for a clearer legal theory capable of accommodating competing private and public interests. One such public interest is to walk along the beach, which seems simple enough. However, beach walking often occurs on this ambulatory shoreline where public rights grounded in the public trust doctrine and private rights grounded in property ownership intersect. To varying degrees, each state has a …

Transformation Of Trust Ideas In Japan: Drafting Of The Trust Act 1922, Masayuki Tamaruya

Masayuki Tamaruya

No abstract provided.

Ending Adverse Possession: Zarb V Parry, Michael Lp Lower

Michael LP Lower

This article outlines the decision of the English Court of Appeal in Zarb v Parry. It highlights the dangers if landowners take ineffective or token action to recover possession.

The Mandatory Disclosure Provisions Of The Uniform Trust Code: Sill Boldly Going Where No Jurisdiction Will Follow - A Practical Tax-Based Solution, John S. Treu

John S. Treu

Twelve years have passed since NCCUSL first proposed the Uniform Trust Code ("UTC") which has now been adopted in twenty-five jurisdictions. Notwithstanding the successful adoption of the majority of the provisions of the UTC in each of these jurisdictions, the mandatory disclosure provisions of the UTC have been universally rejected. These mandatory disclosure provisions are reform-based and beneficiary-friendly and have been widely criticized for contradicting the settlor's intent as stated in the plain language of the trust instrument. The majority of UTC adopting jurisdictions have simply deleted the mandatory disclosure provisions altogether and have adopted only the default disclosure provisions. …

La Transparencia En La Protección De Datos Personales, Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

La Transparencia en la Protección de Datos Personales, ponencia elaborada dentro de los trabajos del VII Congreso Nacional de Organismos Públicos Autónomos (OPAM)

The Alternative Forms Of Dispute Settlement And The Essential Difference Between These And Arbitration, Michael Diathesopoulos

Michael Diathesopoulos

The paper examines the characteristics of some common alternative forms of dispute settlement and their key differences from arbitration regarding their nature and scope. Its purpose is to explore each mechanism's suitability for specific types of disputes.

Las Pymes A Través Del Mercado De Valores En El Perú: Una Visión Comparada Con España, John Pineda Galarza

John Pineda Galarza

En el presente Working Paper se pone en evidencia el problema por el que atraviesan las medianas empresas, que como parte de su crecimiento en el mercado buscan una forma alternativa de financiación. En ese contexto, se plantea como alternativa al mercado bursátil a través de emisiones de Instrumentos de Corto Plazo; sin embargo, aunque a la fecha existen medianas empresas financiándose por esta modalidad aun no hay muchos inversionistas interesados en adquirir estos valores echando por tierra el tiempo e inversión realizada por estas empresas. En el presente artículo de investigación se analizan los principales problemas identificando a los …

Aspectos Generales Dela Publicidad En México. "La Publicidad De Productos, Servicios, Y Actividades Reguladas Por La Ley General De Salud", Bruno L. Costantini García

Bruno L. Costantini García

Introducción a las generalidades de la regulación en materia de publicidad de insumos para el consumo humano (salud) en México.

Which The Deader Hand? A Counter To The American Law Institute's Proposed Revival Of Dying Perpetuities Rules, Scott A. Shepard

Scott A. Shepard

Encouraged primarily by a fluke in federal estate and gift tax law, more than half of the states have either effectively or entirely abolished their rules against perpetuities in the past two decades. The American Law Institute, deeply troubled by this development, has adopted for its Third Restatement a proposed rule against perpetuities that would essentially prohibit conditional gifts to continue for the benefit of parties born more than two generations after the transferor.

The ALI’s efforts are misguided. The rule against perpetuities was the product of a legal, political and social age very different than our own. It was …

Regulation Not Prohibition: The Comparative Case Against The Insurable Interest Doctrine, Sharo Michael Atmeh

Sharo M Atmeh

American law requires an insurable interest—a pecuniary or affective stake in the subject of an insurance policy—as a predi-cate to properly obtaining insurance. In theory, the rule prevents both wagering on individual lives and moral hazard. In practice, the doctrine is avoided by complex insurance transaction structuring to effectuate both origination and transfers of insurance by individuals without an insurable interest. This paper argues that it is time to ab-andon the insurable interest doctrine. As both the English and Aus-tralian experiences indicate, elimination of the insurable interest doctrine will have little detrimental pecuniary effect on the insurance industry, while freeing …

Aging In The United States: Rethinking Justice, Equality, And Identity Across The Lifespan, Nancy J. Knauer

Nancy J. Knauer

Our current aging policies and procedures raise profound questions of individual liberty, autonomy, and equality. Guardianship regimes require the state to balance the interests of vulnerable adults with their right to self-determination. The proliferation of age-specific laws designed to protect elders may actually compromise the civil rights of older individuals by denying their autonomy based solely on their age. The regulation of intimacy in long-term care settings infringes on a core liberty interest essential to human dignity. This essay introduces a new body of work that specifically addresses the civil rights aspects of aging. In many ways, aging represents the …

Títulos Valores, Martin Paolantonio

Martin Paolantonio

Análisis de los principales aspectos del Proyecto de Código Civil de 2012, que unifica la legislación comercial y civil e incorpora por primera vez una parte general de títulos valores

Derecho Penal Y Mercado Financiero: Ley 26.733, Martin Paolantonio

Martin Paolantonio

Análisis integral de los tipos penales incorporados por la ley 26.733, que incluyen insider trading, manipulación de mercado, oferta engañosa de valores negociables, intermediación financiera irregular, colocación no autorizada en el mercado de capitales, cohecho financiero y responsabilidad penal de la persona jurídica

El Proyecto De Código Civil Y Comercial Y Los Títulos Valores, Martin Paolantonio

Martin Paolantonio

Análisis de los principales aspectos del Proyecto de Código Civil de 2012, que unifica la legislación comercial y civil e incorpora por primera vez una parte general de títulos valores

La Autocontratación En La Ejecución Cambiaria, Martin Paolantonio

Martin Paolantonio

Análisis de cuestiones que plantea la autocontratación en los títulos valores cambiarios, a propósito de un fallo de la Sala B de la Cámara Nacional de Apelaciones en lo Comercial

Opciones De Diseño Institucional En La Ley Del Mercado De Capitales, Martin Paolantonio

Martin Paolantonio

Análisis de algunas de las opciones centrales del legislador en materia de mercado de capitales: poderes del regulador, autorregulación y objetivos de la ley