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- Michigan Journal of International Law (8)
- Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law (6)
- Sustainable Development Law & Policy (5)
- University of Richmond Law Review (2)
- William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review (2)
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- Akron Law Review (1)
- Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals (1)
- Cornell Law Faculty Publications (1)
- John J. Barceló III (1)
- LLM Theses and Essays (1)
- Michigan Law Review (1)
- Richmond Journal of Global Law & Business (1)
- San Diego Law Review (1)
- St. Mary's Law Journal (1)
- Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law (1)
- Washington and Lee Law Review (1)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 34
Full-Text Articles in Law
Never For-Gatt: What Recent Tbt Decisions Reveal About The Appellate Body’S Analysis Of Environmental Regulation Under The Wto Agreements, Ravi Soopramanien
Never For-Gatt: What Recent Tbt Decisions Reveal About The Appellate Body’S Analysis Of Environmental Regulation Under The Wto Agreements, Ravi Soopramanien
Sustainable Development Law & Policy
Few environmentalists have positive things to say on the impact of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on the environment. WTO legal obligations are frequently cited as the most significant impediment to a range of environmental initiatives, including notably meaningful international coordination to combat climate change, particularly through carbon tax initiatives, and imposition of electronic waste disposal export bans. In this vein, adverse findings of WTO dispute panels on environmental conservation measures tend to attract the ire of international civil society. The tensions between liberal trade and environmental protection can be traced back to the days of the General Agreement on …
Reaching For Environmental And Economic Harmony: Can Ttip Negotiations Bridge The U.S.-Eu Chemical Regulatory Gap?, Ashley Henson
Reaching For Environmental And Economic Harmony: Can Ttip Negotiations Bridge The U.S.-Eu Chemical Regulatory Gap?, Ashley Henson
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Dolphin Protection And The Mammal Protection Act Have Met Their Match: The General Agreement On Tariffs And Trade, Joseph J. Urgese
Dolphin Protection And The Mammal Protection Act Have Met Their Match: The General Agreement On Tariffs And Trade, Joseph J. Urgese
Akron Law Review
The conflict between international environmental conservation and international free trade is not a battle between good and evil, but a struggle between reconciling the good with the good. Indeed, the international community has recognized the growing "need for rules to enhance [the] positive interaction between trade and environmental measures, for the promotion of sustainable development."' The contracting parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade [hereinafter GATT] agreed to formalize this principle during the Uruguay Round in April of 1994 by establishing a Committee on Trade and the Environment [hereinafter CTE]. This was an important step toward commingling international …
Economic Implications Of European Transfrontier Pollution: National Prerogative And Attribution Of Responsibility, Fredrick C. Eisenstein
Economic Implications Of European Transfrontier Pollution: National Prerogative And Attribution Of Responsibility, Fredrick C. Eisenstein
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Product Standards To Protect The Local Environment--The Gatt And The Uruguay Round Sanitary And Phytosanitary Agreement, John J. Barceló Iii
Product Standards To Protect The Local Environment--The Gatt And The Uruguay Round Sanitary And Phytosanitary Agreement, John J. Barceló Iii
John J. Barceló III
No abstract provided.
Gatt/Wto Rules For Border Tax Adjustment And The Proposed European Directive Introducing A Tax On Carbon Dioxide Emissions And Energy, Christian Pitschas
Gatt/Wto Rules For Border Tax Adjustment And The Proposed European Directive Introducing A Tax On Carbon Dioxide Emissions And Energy, Christian Pitschas
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Environmental Unilateralism And The Wto/Gatt System, Ilona Cheyne
Environmental Unilateralism And The Wto/Gatt System, Ilona Cheyne
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
The "Giant Sucking Sound" Revisited: A Blueprint To Prevent Pollution Havens By Extending Nafta's Unheralded "Eco-Dumping" Provisions To The New World Trade Organization, Joel L. Silverman
The "Giant Sucking Sound" Revisited: A Blueprint To Prevent Pollution Havens By Extending Nafta's Unheralded "Eco-Dumping" Provisions To The New World Trade Organization, Joel L. Silverman
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
International Trade Law And The U.S.-Eu Gmo Debate: Can Africa Weather This Storm?, Michelle K. Mcdonald
International Trade Law And The U.S.-Eu Gmo Debate: Can Africa Weather This Storm?, Michelle K. Mcdonald
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
U.S. Climate Change Policy V. International Trade Rules: Complying With Gatt, Tina R. Goel
U.S. Climate Change Policy V. International Trade Rules: Complying With Gatt, Tina R. Goel
Sustainable Development Law & Policy
No abstract provided.
Human Rights And Environmental Protection: The Pressure Of The Charter For The Environment On The French Administrative Courts, David Marrani
Human Rights And Environmental Protection: The Pressure Of The Charter For The Environment On The French Administrative Courts, David Marrani
Sustainable Development Law & Policy
No abstract provided.
Conflicting Jurisdictions Over Disputes Arising From The Application Of Trade-Related Environmental Measures, Wen-Chen Shih
Conflicting Jurisdictions Over Disputes Arising From The Application Of Trade-Related Environmental Measures, Wen-Chen Shih
Richmond Journal of Global Law & Business
No abstract provided.
Climate Change, The Kyoto Protocol, And The World Trade Organization: Challenges And Conflicts, Daniel Mcnamee
Climate Change, The Kyoto Protocol, And The World Trade Organization: Challenges And Conflicts, Daniel Mcnamee
Sustainable Development Law & Policy
No abstract provided.
An Analysis Of Potential Conflicts Between The Stockholm Convention And Its Parties' Wto Obligations, D. Dean Batchelder
An Analysis Of Potential Conflicts Between The Stockholm Convention And Its Parties' Wto Obligations, D. Dean Batchelder
Michigan Journal of International Law
This Comment examines the compatibility of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants with parties' WTO obligations under the GATT Agreement. The Stockholm Convention represents a broad-based attempt to regulate persistent organic pollutants (POPs), some of the most damaging chemicals to the environment and human health. The commitments that parties to the Stockholm Convention have undertaken to control POPs may implicate international trade commitments. Hopefully the discussion in this Comment may also be relevant to other multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs), especially those involving trade measures.
The Next Privatization Of Public Assets: Domestic And Trade Implication Related To Water Right And Land Acquisition, Jennifer C. Gerbasi
The Next Privatization Of Public Assets: Domestic And Trade Implication Related To Water Right And Land Acquisition, Jennifer C. Gerbasi
Sustainable Development Law & Policy
No abstract provided.
Wto And Gmos: Analyzing The European Community's Recent Regulations Covering The Labeling Of Genetically Modified Organisms, Brian Schwartz
Wto And Gmos: Analyzing The European Community's Recent Regulations Covering The Labeling Of Genetically Modified Organisms, Brian Schwartz
Michigan Journal of International Law
This Note explores the compatibility of the EC's GMO regulations within the framework of the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures ("SPS Agreement"), the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade ("TBT Agreement"), and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 ("GATT 1994" or "GAT"), all integral parts of the WTO Agreement. Part II presents arguments for or against the use of GM-products. Part III explores the concept of ecolabeling by analyzing the general goals of such programs, including the economic theory behind green consumerism and the characteristics necessary for effective schemes. Part IV describes the core …
The New Codex Alimentarius Commission Standards For Food Created With Modern Biotechnology: Implications For The Ec Gmo Framework's Compliance With The Sps Agreement, Aaron A. Ostrovsky
The New Codex Alimentarius Commission Standards For Food Created With Modern Biotechnology: Implications For The Ec Gmo Framework's Compliance With The Sps Agreement, Aaron A. Ostrovsky
Michigan Journal of International Law
This Note makes two assertions. First, despite the fact that the Codex guidelines do not specifically invoke the Precautionary Principle in name, it can indeed be read into the guidelines in the amount of deference given to states in how they assess risk. This in turn means that the E.C.'s Deliberate Release Directive should be enjoy a presumption of compliance with both the SPS Agreement and the GATT. The second assertion is that even if the adjudicating body of the WTO finds that the Deliberate Release Directive, in relying on the Precautionary Principle, prescribes a higher level of protection than …
International Environmental Litigation And Its Future, Philippe Sands
International Environmental Litigation And Its Future, Philippe Sands
University of Richmond Law Review
The subject of international environmental law is relatively new. The subject was certainly not taught when the University of Richmond School of Law was established in 1870, even if early international law texts before that period did indicate a nascent concern for the issues of fisheries conservation and the use of international rivers. The late part of the last century and the early part of this one recognized a world in which international law could be divided, rather simply, between the law of peace and the law of war. It was a world with few international courts and tribunals in …
Environmental Disputes In The Gatt/Wto: Before And After Us-Shrimp Case, Dukgeun Ahn
Environmental Disputes In The Gatt/Wto: Before And After Us-Shrimp Case, Dukgeun Ahn
Michigan Journal of International Law
This paper aims to present the legal analysis of the rulings by the Panel and, with more emphasis, the Appellate Body in US-Shrimp. Section I briefly reviews general dispute settlement mechanisms provided in international environmental conventions. Section II summarizes the practices regarding Article XX of the GATT in the GATTIWTO dispute settlement systems prior to US-Shrimp. Section III presents the factual background of US-Shrimp case and the legal analysis of several procedural and substantive issues specifically addressed in the Appellate Body report. Section IV examines the remaining issues to be addressed in trade disputes with environmental implication after …
The Illegality Of Unilateral Trade Measures To Resolve Trade-Environment Disputes, Kevin C. Kennedy
The Illegality Of Unilateral Trade Measures To Resolve Trade-Environment Disputes, Kevin C. Kennedy
William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review
No abstract provided.
From Stockholm To Kyoto And Back To The United States: International Environmental Law's Effect On Domestic Law, Joel B. Eisen
From Stockholm To Kyoto And Back To The United States: International Environmental Law's Effect On Domestic Law, Joel B. Eisen
University of Richmond Law Review
We Americans think we're so darned smart. We invented modern environmental law, developed its sophisticated "command-and-control" structure, got the public involved as never before in fighting corporate polluters, and achieved measurable successes by getting lead out of our air and bald eagles back from near extinction. We've even tried "second generation" tools such as emissions trading systems' and incentive-based regulatory flexibility approaches when we discovered our system's limitations. Not that we've got it all figured out, mind you, but we're inclined to think of ourselves as world leaders when it comes to environmental protection.
Trips Article 27.2: An Argument For Caution, M. Bruce Harper
Trips Article 27.2: An Argument For Caution, M. Bruce Harper
William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review
No abstract provided.
Are Tuna And Dolphins The Same? A Rule Of Reason Approach To Resolve The Trade And Environment Conflict, Anantha K. Paruthipattu
Are Tuna And Dolphins The Same? A Rule Of Reason Approach To Resolve The Trade And Environment Conflict, Anantha K. Paruthipattu
LLM Theses and Essays
Trade and environment are both primary values in an ecologically and economically interdependent world; unleashing trade without regard to environmental impact is as detrimental as guarding the environment at the expense of trade and development. Tuna and dolphins have come to symbolize the policy struggle between trade and environment. In early 1990, the United States banned the import of tuna from Mexico and other countries that were fishing in a manner that damaged dolphins in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. Mexico challenged this ban before a GATT Panel, which ruled against the United States and held that the tuna ban …
Trade Policy Harmonization: Too Much Of A Good Thing?, Alexander W. Sierck
Trade Policy Harmonization: Too Much Of A Good Thing?, Alexander W. Sierck
Michigan Journal of International Law
Review of Fair Trade and Harmonization: Prerequisites for Free Trade? by Jagdish N. Bhagwati & Robert E. Hudec
Trade And The Environment: Equilibrium Or Imbalance?, Douglas J. Caldwell, David A. Wirth
Trade And The Environment: Equilibrium Or Imbalance?, Douglas J. Caldwell, David A. Wirth
Michigan Journal of International Law
Review of Greening the GATT: Trade, Environment, and the Future by Daniel C. Esty; Freer Trade, Protected Environment: Balancing Trade Liberalization and Environmental Interests by C.Ford Runge, François Ortalo-Magné, and Philip Vande Kamp; Trade and the Environment: The Search for Balance (James Cameron, Paul Demaret & Damien Geradin, eds.); and Trading Up: Consumer and Environmental Regulation in a Global Economy by David Vogel
Nafta & The Environmental Side Agreement: Fusing Economic Development With Ecological Responsibility, Reid A. Middleton
Nafta & The Environmental Side Agreement: Fusing Economic Development With Ecological Responsibility, Reid A. Middleton
San Diego Law Review
This Comment presents a substantive analysis of the North American Free Trade Agreement and its Environmental Side Agreement. It addresses the environmental questions surrounding the agreement and recognized the agreement's capacity to provide both economic and ecological enrichment in the U.S.- Mexican environment. The Comment analyzes the environmental criticisms of NAFTA, and illustrates why these criticisms are inaccurate. Through examination of the enforcement mechanisms of the Environmental Side Agreement, this Comment illustrates how Mexico's capacity and desire to fulfill its own environmental obligations, coupled with the necessary financing, will allow Mexico to independently put an end to decades of ecological …
Searching For Gatt's Environmental Miranda, William Snape
Searching For Gatt's Environmental Miranda, William Snape
Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals
INTRODUCTION: While the clairvoyant may have anticipated it earlier, the policy struggle between environmental protection and liberal trade effectively began in August 1991. That month, as has been recounted numerous times, a General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) arbitral panel declared that provisions of the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) were contrary to existing GATT rules. Although the panel's decision had several distinct legal elements, the crux of the dispute brought by the government of Mexico-and the basis of the panel's decision-was the U.S. executive's mandate to ban the importation of certain tuna caught by a fishing technique …
Institutional Misfits: The Gatt, The Icj & Trade-Environment Disputes, Jeffrey L. Dunoff
Institutional Misfits: The Gatt, The Icj & Trade-Environment Disputes, Jeffrey L. Dunoff
Michigan Journal of International Law
The central thesis of this article is that neither trade bodies, like the GATT or NAFTA, nor adjudicatory bodies, like the ICJ or the proposed International Court for the Environment, ought to resolve these issues. Instead, trade-environment conflicts should be heard before an institution that recognizes the interdependent nature of global economic and environmental issues and that has a mandate to advance both economic development and environmental protection. This body should have ready access to the scientific and technical expertise that would enable it to resolve trade-environment disputes knowledgeably. It should possess tools to encourage nations to comply with its …
Product Standards To Protect The Local Environment--The Gatt And The Uruguay Round Sanitary And Phytosanitary Agreement, John J. Barceló Iii
Product Standards To Protect The Local Environment--The Gatt And The Uruguay Round Sanitary And Phytosanitary Agreement, John J. Barceló Iii
Cornell Law Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Protection, Not Protectionism: Multilateral Environmental Agreements And The Gatt, Betsy Baker
Protection, Not Protectionism: Multilateral Environmental Agreements And The Gatt, Betsy Baker
Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law
In this Article, Dean Baker examines the compatibility of multilateral environmental agreements with the provisions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The author discusses the key provisions of the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Waste, the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and the GATT. The author then reviews the conflict between unilateral environmental protection and open and free trade under the GATT. The author concludes the collective interests represented by international environmental agreements, and the agreements themselves, should provide a …