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Articles 1 - 30 of 35
Full-Text Articles in Law
The Legacy Of Brown V. Board Of Education: Achieving Student Body Diversity In All Levels Of Education, Nancy L. Zisk
The Legacy Of Brown V. Board Of Education: Achieving Student Body Diversity In All Levels Of Education, Nancy L. Zisk
Touro Law Review
This Article addresses the legal standard by which school admissions programs may be judged and validated as school districts struggle to achieve student body diversity. As the Supreme Court recognized in its seminal decision, Brown v. Board of Education, education “is the very foundation of good citizenship.” Twenty years after that case was decided, Thurgood Marshall, who had argued that separate was not equal in the Brown case, observed as a Justice of the Court that “unless our children begin to learn together, there is little hope that our people will ever learn to live together.” Because achieving student body …
Affirmative Action Tested: The Constitutionality Of “Landscape”, Eric James Seltzer
Affirmative Action Tested: The Constitutionality Of “Landscape”, Eric James Seltzer
St. John's Law Review
(Excerpt)
In August 2019, the College Board announced it was launching a program providing higher education institutions with “context about students’ high schools and neighborhoods when making admissions decisions.” In August 2019, the College Board announced it was launching “Landscape,” a program providing higher education institutions with “context about students’ high schools and neighborhoods when making admissions decision.” Landscape collects and organizes data into three categories—basic high school data, such as school locale, test score comparison, and high school and neighborhood indicators—that offers insight into high schools and neighborhoods. Among these indicators are quintessential measures of socioeconomic status, including college …
Civil Procedure: The Court Stepping Into Education—Cruz-Guzman V. State, 916 N.W.2d 1 (Minn. 2018)., Morgan Richie
Civil Procedure: The Court Stepping Into Education—Cruz-Guzman V. State, 916 N.W.2d 1 (Minn. 2018)., Morgan Richie
Mitchell Hamline Law Review
No abstract provided.
Equal Protection Supreme Court Appellate Division Third Department
Equal Protection Supreme Court Appellate Division Third Department
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
A Diverse Student Body Without Student Bodies?: Online Classrooms And Affirmative Action, Ryan H. Nelson
A Diverse Student Body Without Student Bodies?: Online Classrooms And Affirmative Action, Ryan H. Nelson
Pepperdine Law Review
America’s public universities engage students in myriad classroom environments that range from traditional, entirely-in-person classroom environments to entirely-online, virtual classrooms, with every shade of grey in between. These varied learning environments pose a fascinating question with respect to the ways such universities use affirmative action in admissions. In Grutter v. Bollinger, the United States Supreme Court held that “student body diversity is a compelling state interest that can justify the use of race in university admissions.” Indeed, student body diversity remains one of the few “compelling interests” that the Court has held satisfies the constitutional imperative that the “government may …
Reinforcement Of Middle Level Review Regarding Gender Classifications: Mississippi University For Women V. Hogan , Mary Ellen Shull
Reinforcement Of Middle Level Review Regarding Gender Classifications: Mississippi University For Women V. Hogan , Mary Ellen Shull
Pepperdine Law Review
In Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan, the United States Supreme Court was presented with an equal protection challenge initiated by a male who was denied admission to a state-supported all-female school of nursing. After a review of relevant decisions in this area, the author examines the Supreme Court's intermediate level of scrutiny analysis and argues that application of a higher level of scrutiny to gender-based classifications is a prerequisite to true equality between the sexes.
An Analysis Of Selective Service System V. Minnesota Public Interest Research Group, Teresa L. Howell
An Analysis Of Selective Service System V. Minnesota Public Interest Research Group, Teresa L. Howell
Pepperdine Law Review
Section 1113 of the Department of Defense Authorization Act passed in 1982 prohibits the receipt of Title IV educational funds by students who do not comply with draft registration requirements. In Selective Service System v. Minnesota Public Interest Research Group, the United States Supreme Court upheld section 1113 in the face of a multi-tiered constitutional challenge. After exploring the history of section 1113, the author examines the Supreme Court's analysis of each of the constitutional challenges: bill of attainder, privilege against self-incrimination, and equal protection. Finally, the author investigates the probable impact of the Court's decision.
Aids: Do Children With Aids Have A Right To Attend School?, Gilbert A. Partida
Aids: Do Children With Aids Have A Right To Attend School?, Gilbert A. Partida
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
Gender Classification And United States V. Virginia: Muddying The Waters Of Equal Protection , Brent L. Caslin
Gender Classification And United States V. Virginia: Muddying The Waters Of Equal Protection , Brent L. Caslin
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
Comparing Single-Sex And Reformed Coeducation: A Constitutional Analysis, Nancy Chi Cantalupo
Comparing Single-Sex And Reformed Coeducation: A Constitutional Analysis, Nancy Chi Cantalupo
San Diego Law Review
One of the most enduring educational debates of the past three decades has dealt with the legality and advisability of sex-segregated education. This debate can often look confusing, given a large number of debaters and the diversity of their perspectives and agendas. More than this diversity, however, the debate is confusing because the debate has been structured as a contest between the "innovation" of sex-segregated education and status quo coeducation. Missing from the debate is a comparison between reformed coeducation and a single-sex alternative, a comparison that is markedly more useful in determining what ought to be done about the …
Scrutinize This!: The Questionable Constitutionality Of Gender-Conscious Admissions Policies Utilized By Public Universities, Amy Hinkley
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
Can Courts Repair The Crumbling Foundation Of Good Citizenship? An Examination Of Potential Legal Challenges To Social Studies Cutbacks In Public Schools, Eli Savit
Michigan Law Review
In the wake of No Child Left Behind, many public schools have cut or eliminated social studies instruction to allot more time for math and literacy. Given courts' repeated celebration of education as the "foundation of good citizenship," this Note examines potential legal claims and litigation strategies that could be used to compel social studies instruction in public schools. This Note contends that the federal judiciary's civic conception of education leaves the door slightly ajar for a Fourteenth Amendment chrallenge on behalf of social studies-deprived students, but the Supreme Court's refusal in San Antonio v. Rodriguez to recognize education as …
The Intergration Myth: America's Failure To Produce Equal Education Outcomes, Samuel E. Brown
The Intergration Myth: America's Failure To Produce Equal Education Outcomes, Samuel E. Brown
The Modern American
No abstract provided.
Hands Off Policy: Equal Protection And The Contact Sports Exemption Of Title Ix, Jamal Greene
Hands Off Policy: Equal Protection And The Contact Sports Exemption Of Title Ix, Jamal Greene
Michigan Journal of Gender & Law
The disparity between what the Constitution permits of public schools and what Title IX permits of private ones is unquestionably stark. This Article calls this disparity into question. First, it asks under what circumstances, if any, allowance for sex discrimination in athletics may be justified under constitutional standards. Then, it considers the practical relevance of the disparity between how a school may lawfully discriminate under Title IX and how it may do so under the Equal Protection Clause. Finally, it offers a prescription for bringing into balance the gender equity messages sent by Title IX and the Constitution.
Locked In Inequality: The Persistence Of Discrimination, Daria Roithmayr
Locked In Inequality: The Persistence Of Discrimination, Daria Roithmayr
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
In this Article, the author argues that the practice of charging school fees to attend public school is an example of locked-in discrimination that persists over time, even in the absence of intentional discrimination. Exploring the lock-in model of discrimination in the unique context of South Africa, Roithmayr makes two central points. First, discriminatory practices often become locked into institutional structures because high switching costs-the costs of moving from a discriminatory practice to an inclusive one—make it too difficult for an institution to discontinue discriminating. Even when institutional actors are fully committed to eradicating racial disparity, they may be constrained …
From Equity To Adequacy: The Legal Battle For Increased State Funding Of Poor School Districts In New York, Brian J. Nickerson, Gernard M. Deenihan
From Equity To Adequacy: The Legal Battle For Increased State Funding Of Poor School Districts In New York, Brian J. Nickerson, Gernard M. Deenihan
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Article evaluates the influence of federal courts' school finance cases on the New York school finance groups' decision to litigate in the New York courts. It then analyzes the importance of other states' legal precedents in school finance cases as a factor influencing interest groups in New York to challenge the state's public education funding formulas. This Article discusses the progression of public elementary and secondary school funding formula litigation in New York, focusing on the legal arguments raised by various interest group-plaintiffs and tracing the development of those arguments to school finance cases in other states. The conclusion …
Equal Educational Opportunity By The Numbers: The Warren Court's Empirical Legacy, Michael Heise
Equal Educational Opportunity By The Numbers: The Warren Court's Empirical Legacy, Michael Heise
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
A General Theory Of Cultural Diversity, Steven A. Ramirez
A General Theory Of Cultural Diversity, Steven A. Ramirez
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
This Article seeks to extend the analysis of these developments in the corporate world to anti-discrimination law under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. This Article will show that discrimination based upon cultural insights or experiences is distinct from race discrimination and will articulate a general theory of why and under what circumstances this holds true. The difference between culture-based discrimination and using culture as a proxy for race (Which would then be race discrimination) requires a careful and non-mythological understanding of what race is, and what race is not. Moreover, showing that culture discrimination is not prohibited …
When The Classroom Speaks: A Public University's First Amendment Right To A Race-Conscious Admissions Policy, Alfred B. Gordon
When The Classroom Speaks: A Public University's First Amendment Right To A Race-Conscious Admissions Policy, Alfred B. Gordon
Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Fighting Anti-Gay Abuse In Schools: The Opening Appellate Brief Of Plaintiff Jamie Nabozny In Nabozny V. Podlesny, Patricia M. Logue, David S. Buckel
Fighting Anti-Gay Abuse In Schools: The Opening Appellate Brief Of Plaintiff Jamie Nabozny In Nabozny V. Podlesny, Patricia M. Logue, David S. Buckel
Michigan Journal of Gender & Law
In Nabozny v. Podlesny, 92 F.3d 446 (7th Cir. 1996), a case of first impression, the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals recognized the constitutional right of a gay male public school student to equal protection from anti-gay harassment and assaults. The court held that Jamie Nabozny had stated equal protection claims against his school district and three school principals for gender and sexual orientation discrimination based on allegations that, because he is gay and a boy, defendants had failed to afford him the same kinds of protection given to other harassed students. At trial on remand a jury found …
The Constitutional Amendment By Missouri V. Jenkins, Laura S. Fitzgerald
The Constitutional Amendment By Missouri V. Jenkins, Laura S. Fitzgerald
Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice
No abstract provided.
The "Constitutional" Assault On The Virginia Military Institute, Jon A. Soderberg
The "Constitutional" Assault On The Virginia Military Institute, Jon A. Soderberg
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
Constitutional Law—Equal Protection And School Funding In Arkansas, Mark Allison
Constitutional Law—Equal Protection And School Funding In Arkansas, Mark Allison
University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review
No abstract provided.
Aliens And Equal Protection: Why Not The Right To Vote?, Gerald M. Rosberg
Aliens And Equal Protection: Why Not The Right To Vote?, Gerald M. Rosberg
Michigan Law Review
A constitutional right of at least some aliens to vote does not seem to me at all unthinkable. Throughout much of the nineteenth century and part of the twentieth, aliens enjoyed the right to vote in a great many states. The states that extended the franchise to aliens plainly did not believe that they were acting under constitutional compulsion. But given our present understanding of the mission of the equal protection clause, much can now be said in defense of such a constitutional right. My purpose here is to outline the case that might be made for the right of …
Constitutional Requirements For Standardized Ability Tests Used In Education, Lewis D. Beckwith
Constitutional Requirements For Standardized Ability Tests Used In Education, Lewis D. Beckwith
Vanderbilt Law Review
This Note examines the groundwork for possible legal remedies to correct the abuses of tests and testing procedures used by some educators. Because the standardized ability tests administered as prerequisites to college admission are perhaps the most significant obstacles to an individual's educational development, the discussion herein is directed primarily to them. This Note attempts to demonstrate that existing legal doctrines provide an adequate basis for challenging some of the standardized ability tests used in determining college entrance requirements as violations of equal protection and procedural due process. It also discusses the scope of a proper remedy for individuals aggrieved …
Post--Brown Private White Schools--An Imperfect Dualism, James E. Smith
Post--Brown Private White Schools--An Imperfect Dualism, James E. Smith
Vanderbilt Law Review
Federal courts have endeavored to assure that private discrimination practiced by schools is truly private. In this endeavor, courts have enjoined any significant state involvement as violative of the equal protection clause. The courts have shown no inclination to prohibit the private discrimination itself, however, and it appears unlikely that courts in the near future will take the innovative step of barring discrimination practiced by private white academies.
De Facto School Segregation And The "State Action" Requirement: A Suggested New Approach, Dennis Powers
De Facto School Segregation And The "State Action" Requirement: A Suggested New Approach, Dennis Powers
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Wellsand V. Valparaiso Community School Corporation: Equal Protection For The Married Football Player, Randolph L. Seger
Wellsand V. Valparaiso Community School Corporation: Equal Protection For The Married Football Player, Randolph L. Seger
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.