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Full-Text Articles in Law
Historically Black Colleges & Universities: A Model For American Education, Jennifer M. Smith
Historically Black Colleges & Universities: A Model For American Education, Jennifer M. Smith
Journal Publications
Hungry for freedom and knowledge, enslaved Blacks engaged in a massive general strike against slavery by transferring their labor from the Confederate planter to the Northern invader, and this decided the Civil War. In 1865, the North conquered the South, and slavery officially ended. Having been starved of the opportunity to learn to read or write, the recently emancipated Blacks were eager to learn. Within a year after slavery ended, however, Florida and other Southern states enacted laws to ensure the continuation of the vestiges of slavery in the United States. The legacy of slavery and racism evolved into an …
The Right To Public Education And The School To Prison Pipeline, Areto A. Imoukuede
The Right To Public Education And The School To Prison Pipeline, Areto A. Imoukuede
Journal Publications
The school-to-prison. pipeline is a controversial concept and a disappointing reality. It refers to the draconian disciplinary "trend of schools directly referring students to law enforcement or creating conditions under which students are more likely to become involved in the justice system-such as suspending or expelling them." Public schools are intended to primarily be institutions for public education. It is clear that serving as a pipeline to prison is not the central purpose of the public school. The purpose of public education is to provide students an opportunity to develop their capabilities and grow as individuals. Public education is intended …
One Step Forward, Two Steps Back: Everett Et Al V. Pitt County School (Everett I And Ii) And The Ominous Future Of Federal Court Desegregation Orders, Mark Dorosin
Journal Publications
During the brief zenith of school desegregation litigation in the late 1960s and early 1970s, hundreds of school districts across the nation, and particularly across the South, were found liable for intentional racial discrimination and became subject to federal court supervision of approved plans to achieve integration. The period of aggressive enforcement was short-lived however, and by the mid-1970s, and accelerating through the 1980s and 1990s, an increasingly conservative Supreme Court and presidential administrations first slowed the scope and intensity of school integration, and then actively pushed to end judicial enforcement and oversight of existing desegregation cases. This was true …
The Fifth Freedom: The Constitutional Duty To Provide Public Education, Areto A. Imoukuede
The Fifth Freedom: The Constitutional Duty To Provide Public Education, Areto A. Imoukuede
Journal Publications
This Article explains why there is a fundamental duty for the government to provide public education under the U.S. Constitution. Numerous scholars and public officials have written on the need to overrule San Antonio v. Rodriguez or adopt alternative approaches to recognizing a right to public education either judicially or by way of constitutional amendment. This Article identifies a consistent and systemic reluctance by the Court to meaningfully enforce positive rights, which are the duties that the government owes to the people. In doing so, it explores the consistent recognition throughout American history that education is a fundamental duty of …
Amicus Brief Of Howard University Law School For The Supreme Court Case Of Grutter V. Bollinger, Patricia A. Broussard
Amicus Brief Of Howard University Law School For The Supreme Court Case Of Grutter V. Bollinger, Patricia A. Broussard
Amicus Briefs
No abstract provided.