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Full-Text Articles in Law
Least Restrictive Environments: Assessing Classroom Placement Of Students With Disabilities Under The Idea, Sarah E. Farley
Least Restrictive Environments: Assessing Classroom Placement Of Students With Disabilities Under The Idea, Sarah E. Farley
Washington Law Review
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires school districts to educate all students receiving special education in the "least restrictive environment" appropriate for each student's needs. This provision reflects Congress' preference that children with disabilities be educated alongside their non-disabled peers to the maximum extent possible. The U.S. Supreme Court has never determined how to test whether a school district has complied with this provision, so the federal circuits have developed several different tests. However, these circuit tests all arose prior to the most recent 1997 Amendments to the IDEA. This Comment explores the development and subsequent application of …
Failure To Accommodate, Discriminatory Intent, And The Mcdonnell Douglas Framework: Distinguishing The Analyses Of Claims Arising From Subparts (A) And (B) Of § 12112(B)(5) Of The Ada, Aaron Matthew Laing
Failure To Accommodate, Discriminatory Intent, And The Mcdonnell Douglas Framework: Distinguishing The Analyses Of Claims Arising From Subparts (A) And (B) Of § 12112(B)(5) Of The Ada, Aaron Matthew Laing
Washington Law Review
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) creates and protects employment opportunities for disabled persons by prohibiting adverse employment actions in the form of disparate treatment and disparate impact. Additionally, subparts (A) and (B) of § 12112(b)(5) of the ADA place distinct duties on employers to accommodate disabled persons, protecting, respectively, existing and future employment opportunities. Because the ADA protects both existing and future opportunities, the duty to accommodate may be breached in two distinct manners. When a plaintiff alleges failure to accommodate, a court must determine which section of the ADA applies and select an appropriate analytical framework for the …
Hostile Environment Actions, Title Vii, And The Ada: The Limits Of The Copy-And-Paste Function, Lisa Eichhorn
Hostile Environment Actions, Title Vii, And The Ada: The Limits Of The Copy-And-Paste Function, Lisa Eichhorn
Washington Law Review
Two federal circuits, borrowing from Title VII jurisprudence, recently recognized a cause of action for a disability-based hostile environment under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Neither opinion, however, considered how the analysis of a disability-based hostile environment claim under the ADA might differ from that of a race- or sex-based hostile environment claim under Title VII. This Article examines the differing theories of equality underlying the two statutes and argues that, because the statutes prohibit discrimination in fundamentally different ways, courts must resist the temptation to copy and paste Title VII doctrine into ADA hostile environment opinions. This Article …