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Full-Text Articles in Law
'Just Take Away Their Guns': The Hidden Racism Of Terry V. Ohio, Adina Schwartz
'Just Take Away Their Guns': The Hidden Racism Of Terry V. Ohio, Adina Schwartz
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Article argues that in formulating standards for stops and frisks, courts, police department and other policy makers should consider: whether and to what extent blacks are more frequently stopped and frisked than whites, whether and to what extent this disparity reflects police racial bias, and the nature and extent of the results negative effects. The Article provides an overview of the decision in US v. Terry and its impact on subsequent case law. It focuses on Terry's ambivalent position on race relations, and posits that its empirical contention about the law's inevitable inefficacy against racist abuse of the stop …
New Strategies For Combatting Crime In New York City, William J. Bratton
New Strategies For Combatting Crime In New York City, William J. Bratton
Fordham Urban Law Journal
Lecture by the Commissioner of the New York Police Department. Remarks focused on why crime came down in New York City. It traces the history of policing before the 1970s, when police departments began to professionalize and the advent of community policing in the 1990s.
Liberta Revisited: A Call To Repeal The Marital Examption For All Sex Offenses In New York's Penal Law, Cassandra M. Delamothe
Liberta Revisited: A Call To Repeal The Marital Examption For All Sex Offenses In New York's Penal Law, Cassandra M. Delamothe
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Note argues that to fully protect victims of spousal sexual assault, the New York Legislature should codify the Liberta decision and repeal the marital exemption for all sex offenses. It outlines the history of the marital rape exemption and its evolution in New York. It discusses the Liberta decision and the barriers to effective prosecution of marital rape, such as the legal standard for "force," prosecutorial discretion in charging husbands, and gender bias in the courts. It gives policy arguments for a statutory amendment and offers a proposed statute to replace the current sex offenses section of the Penal …
Multiple Petty Offenses With Serious Penalties: A Case For The Right To Trial By Jury, Christine E. Pardo
Multiple Petty Offenses With Serious Penalties: A Case For The Right To Trial By Jury, Christine E. Pardo
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Note outlines the history and development of the petty offense exception and the Supreme Court's jury trial entitlement jurisprudence. In particular, it discusses the fundamental principle of gauging criminal seriousness by the length of a penalty as authorized by statute. This Note sets out the Circuit split and explains why the courts are divided on the aggregation issue. It argues that courts must aggregate maximum penalties for multiple petty offenses charged together to accurately reflect legislative determinations of criminal seriousness. It also criticizes the use of pre-trial sentencing stipulations to circumvent trial by jury when it would otherwise be …
Administrative License Suspensions, Criminal Prosecution And The Double Jeopardy Clause, Carlos F. Ramirez
Administrative License Suspensions, Criminal Prosecution And The Double Jeopardy Clause, Carlos F. Ramirez
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Note argues that revocation of a driver's license under ALS proceedings is not a bar to subsequent criminal prosecution by the state. It discusses the potential double jeopardy implications surrounding ALS that is followed by criminal proceedings, as well as the reasoning employed by a majority of the courts that hold that an ALS is remedial and, therefore, not punishment for purposes of the Double Jeopardy Clause. It argues that with regard to determining whether an ALS is punitive, the appropriate test should balance the effect of the statute on the driver against the state's interest in protecting the …