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Articles 1 - 30 of 42
Full-Text Articles in Law
Controlling Moral Hazard In Limited Liability With The Consumer Sales Practices Act, Nathaniel Vargas Gallegos
Controlling Moral Hazard In Limited Liability With The Consumer Sales Practices Act, Nathaniel Vargas Gallegos
Journal of Legislation
The few states that have passed the Model Consumer Sales Practices Act have common definitions and case law regarding the definition of a “supplier.” This definition is broad enough to include managers of companies in limited liability entities in the states that have adopted the model act. The practicality is that business principals, owners, and managers can be held personally liable for deceptive practices under the state acts. But this is not a piercing of the corporate veil or of the limited-liability company. This Article is meant to accomplish four purposes: (1) exhibit the origins of the act, (2) show …
Dark Patterns In A Bright World : An Analysis Of The Indian Consumer Legal Architecture, Sandeep Sharma J., Ishita Sharma Dr.
Dark Patterns In A Bright World : An Analysis Of The Indian Consumer Legal Architecture, Sandeep Sharma J., Ishita Sharma Dr.
International Journal on Consumer Law and Practice
Dark patterns’ are consumer targeted marketing strategies that capitalize on cognitive biases of consumers’ propelling them to make decisions, contrary to their intended preferences. The term dark patterns coined by user designer Harry Bignull has gained traction recently, due to its correlation with psychological responses that are produced through nudges that are unaligned to the consumers’ original preference. The consumer responses elicited through the use of such dubious nudges have a direct correlation with the way human brain functions. These covert strategies employed by digital marketing platforms capitalize through behavioral science, aimed at their economic growth compromising the consumers’ free, …
Amending Amendments: Digital Colonialism, Bill C-11, And Assessing The Call For Improvement, Kayla Victoria Destiny Clarke
Amending Amendments: Digital Colonialism, Bill C-11, And Assessing The Call For Improvement, Kayla Victoria Destiny Clarke
Major Papers
Media scholars Nick Couldry and Ulises Mejias (2019) define digital colonialism as the “term for the extension of a global process of extraction that started under colonialism and continues through industrial capitalism, culminating in today's new form: instead of natural resources in labor, what is now being appropriated is human life through its conversion into data” (p. 22). This research will critically analyze the Canadian government’s ill-received Bill C-11: the Amended Consumer Privacy Protection Act by using digital colonialism as a conceptual framework to reveal the Bill’s essential limitations. It will consist of two sections: 1) an in-depth exploration of …
Rage Against The Machine: Reducing Robocall Abuse To Protect At-Risk Consumers, Nicole Egan
Rage Against The Machine: Reducing Robocall Abuse To Protect At-Risk Consumers, Nicole Egan
University of Massachusetts Law Review
For most people, robocalls are nothing more than an annoying side-effect of owning a cell phone today. But a successful robocall scheme is still capable of wreaking financial and psychological havoc on its victims. Senior citizens and cognitively impaired individuals are often targeted by fraudulent phone calls or texts because they may have trouble understanding how to identify and protect themselves from robocall abuse. This Note proposes a collaborative solution to this problem by calling on the judiciary and legislatures to minimize the amount of robocalls received by American telephone consumers. By adopting a broader understanding of the law and …
Class Action As Means For Consumer Protection In The French Law And The Extent Of Its Application In The Jordanian Law, Alaa Khasawneh, Maha Khasawneh
Class Action As Means For Consumer Protection In The French Law And The Extent Of Its Application In The Jordanian Law, Alaa Khasawneh, Maha Khasawneh
UAEU Law Journal
This study examines the class- action as a modern means of protection of consumer rights against unlawful acts of the professionals that lead to injury for a good number of consumers in the same damage or with similar damages issued by the same professional, the victims affected by these damages have the possibility of obtaining total compensation which will be shared among consumers members of the group, this study focus on the issue of the introduction of this action in the legal system of Jordan after a review of the most important models, whether in united States of America legislations …
Defining The Concept Of Both The Consumer And The Professional In The Moroccan And The Comparative Laws, Abdel Rafeia Aloui
Defining The Concept Of Both The Consumer And The Professional In The Moroccan And The Comparative Laws, Abdel Rafeia Aloui
UAEU Law Journal
The consumption contract holds on one end the Professional and on the other the Consumer, and given the importance of the conceptual specifically for each of the consumer and professional and the implications for the scope of the law, the problem posed by this subject is: Is it possible to determine the precise and agreed to these concepts and what are the effects of this limitation on the scope of protection afforded by Consumption Law of the consumer as a party is weak in a contractual relationship unequal? Any difference in the selection conceptual parties to the contract consumption means …
The Guarantees Of Consumer Free Consent In Contracts Concluded Remotely: A Comparative Study, Dr.Adnan Sarhan
The Guarantees Of Consumer Free Consent In Contracts Concluded Remotely: A Comparative Study, Dr.Adnan Sarhan
UAEU Law Journal
resulted from his ignorance weakness arising because of the complication of goods and services that makes their use and risks are not to be realized easily by consumers, but also extends in the recent times to include misleading advertising techniques, the brilliant development in marketing in addition to the coercive nature of recent tools that are used in bargain and contracting. One of these tools is the use of distance selling contacts in addition to the common use of electronic contracts, since a consumer is surprised by a person negotiate and contract by telephone or internet and he does not …
Rethinking Of Consumer's Litigation In Unfair Competition, Eyad Ayed Fatehi Alsamhan
Rethinking Of Consumer's Litigation In Unfair Competition, Eyad Ayed Fatehi Alsamhan
UAEU Law Journal
This Article looks at unfair competition lawsuits from the perspective of litigation, rather than from the subjective study of this field. This study presents a contribution to the field of consumer services law in unfair competition acts by involving consumers in this lawsuit. The consumer’s interest is prioritized and qualifies consumers to act as a litigant in unfair competition acts, which traditionally were only concerns held by the competitor's undertaking trade. This study exhibits European practice and elaborates on their application in Jordan, which serves as an example of countries who lack national consumer’s protection legislation.
Legal System Of Consumer Rights For A Safe Product: A Comparative Study, Dr. Anis Al-Addar
Legal System Of Consumer Rights For A Safe Product: A Comparative Study, Dr. Anis Al-Addar
UAEU Law Journal
This research shows the evolution of consumer rights with regards to new risks that are threatening him. In fact, the sale conditions, especially those related to the guarantee of hidden defects, are no longer able to provide adequate protection to the consumer. In recent years, new legislations have been introduced to recognize consumer rights as the weakest party in the contract of consumption. Modern laws assign to the seller several obligations, including the obligation to inform the consumer of potential risks and to ensure its safety against the damage caused by the products. By extrapolating modern consumer laws, it can …
Algorithms In Business, Merchant-Consumer Interactions, & Regulation, Tabrez Y. Ebrahim
Algorithms In Business, Merchant-Consumer Interactions, & Regulation, Tabrez Y. Ebrahim
Faculty Scholarship
The shift towards the use of algorithms in business has transformed merchant–consumer interactions. Products and services are increasingly tailored for consumers through algorithms that collect and analyze vast amounts of data from interconnected devices, digital platforms, and social networks. While traditionally merchants and marketeers have utilized market segmentation, customer demographic profiles, and statistical approaches, the exponential increase in consumer data and computing power enables them to develop and implement algorithmic techniques that change consumer markets and society as a whole. Algorithms enable targeting of consumers more effectively, in real-time, and with high predictive accuracy in pricing and profiling strategies. In …
Collaborative Approaches To Blockchain Regulation: The Brooklyn Project Example, Patrick Berarducci
Collaborative Approaches To Blockchain Regulation: The Brooklyn Project Example, Patrick Berarducci
Cleveland State Law Review
Today, I am going to discuss, at a high level, blockchain technology—what it is, what are its unique features that could revolutionize markets and economies, and how it could impact law and regulation. That is a lot to cover—far too much in the time allotted. So I will keep things at a very high level and hopefully pique some interest in everyone to dig deeper on their own.
The Human Element: The Under-Theorized And Underutilized Component Vital To Fostering Blockchain Development, Joshua A.T. Fairfield
The Human Element: The Under-Theorized And Underutilized Component Vital To Fostering Blockchain Development, Joshua A.T. Fairfield
Cleveland State Law Review
Blockchain is about one-third math and two-thirds game theory. The math runs on silicon processors. The game theory runs on grey matter. Earlier in this symposium, the last panel essentially asked, "What's different about blockchain and its relationship to humans?" That will be our focus: What is the right relationship between technology and the community that builds it? And, why would we care?
Conceptualizing The Regulation Of Virtual Currencies And Providers: Friction Points In State And Federal Approaches To Regulating Providers Of Payments Execution And Custody Services And Products In The United States, Sarah J. Hughes
Cleveland State Law Review
This essay evaluates the state of regulation by the United States government and State legislatures of participants in emerging virtual-currency businesses. It points to friction points as both the federal government and the States experiment with their own regulatory authority over virtual-currency businesses and provides a taxonomy of differing approaches to regulating such businesses. The essay takes the position that the States need to act in the near term if they wish to maintain their longstanding role as regulators of non-depository providers of financial products and services—or they risk being preempted by Congress or federal regulatory actions. This essay also …
Blockchain Symposium Introduction: Overview And Historical Introduction, Brian Ray
Blockchain Symposium Introduction: Overview And Historical Introduction, Brian Ray
Cleveland State Law Review
Imagine a world where human drivers can access on-demand micro-insurance contracts tailored to cover only the actual time spent driving. How about a secure, decentralized identity system that allows individuals to purchase a vehicle and obtain insurance without sharing unnecessary private information exposing it to cyber criminals? Take that a step further and consider a system of driverless cars that transact with autonomous gas stations and take payments directly from passengers. These are some of the fascinating applications that blockchain technology could enable. But these applications give rise to significant technical, social, and legal questions, all of which we explored …
Genetically Modified Plants Used For Food, Risk Assessment And Uncertainty Principles: Does The Transition From Ignorance To Indeterminacy Trigger The Need For Post-Market Surveillance?, Katharine Van Tassel
Genetically Modified Plants Used For Food, Risk Assessment And Uncertainty Principles: Does The Transition From Ignorance To Indeterminacy Trigger The Need For Post-Market Surveillance?, Katharine Van Tassel
Katharine Van Tassel
In the context of GM foods, a genetic modification changes the biochemical cross-talk between genes, creating genetic material that has never existed before in nature. This novel genetic material can create unintended health risks, as seen with the case of the GM peas that contained a novel and unexpected allergenic protein and primed test mice to react to other allergens.6 The bottom line is that the scientific acceptance of the existence of the networked gene establishes that the FDA’s presumption that GM plant food is bioequivalent to traditional plant food is no longer scientifically supportable and that a new system …
Consumer Protection In The Age Of Connected Everything, Terrell Mcsweeny
Consumer Protection In The Age Of Connected Everything, Terrell Mcsweeny
NYLS Law Review
No abstract provided.
Choosing Corporations Over Consumers: The Financial Choice Act Of 2017 And The Cfpb, Christopher L. Peterson
Choosing Corporations Over Consumers: The Financial Choice Act Of 2017 And The Cfpb, Christopher L. Peterson
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
The Financial Choice Act of 2017 is appropriately named in at least one sense: its proposed restrictions on the authority of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau reflect a choice by the House of Representatives to protect financial companies at the expense of consumers. This choice is borne out by the data. As this empirical review of CFPB enforcement cases demonstrates, nearly all of the relief provided to American consumers in CFPB enforcement cases arose where a bank, credit union, or other finance company deceived their customers about a material aspect of their product or service. Between 2012 and 2016, the …
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Law Enforcement: An Empirical Review, Christopher L. Peterson
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Law Enforcement: An Empirical Review, Christopher L. Peterson
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
In the aftermath of the U.S. financial crisis, Congress created a new federal agency — the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) — with the goal of fashioning a more just and efficient American consumer finance market. The CFPB now serves as the U.S. Government’s primary regulator and civil law enforcement agency governing consumer lending, payment systems, debt collection, and other consumer financial services. In its first four years of enforcing federal consumer protection laws, the CFPB has announced over a hundred different law enforcement cases forcing banks and other financial companies to relinquish over $11 billion in customer refunds, forgiven …
Newsroom: Can Court 'Restore Fundamental Liberties'? 03-23-2016, Sheldon Whitehouse, David A. Logan
Newsroom: Can Court 'Restore Fundamental Liberties'? 03-23-2016, Sheldon Whitehouse, David A. Logan
Life of the Law School (1993- )
No abstract provided.
The Cfpb Anti-Arbitration Proposal: Let's Just Give Arbitration A Chance., Ramona L. Lampley
The Cfpb Anti-Arbitration Proposal: Let's Just Give Arbitration A Chance., Ramona L. Lampley
St. Mary's Law Journal
Abstract forthcoming.
Bankruptcy Law, Hon. Kevin R. Huennekens, Nathan Kramer
Bankruptcy Law, Hon. Kevin R. Huennekens, Nathan Kramer
University of Richmond Law Review
This article will cover both consumer and business bankruptcy issues, and is limited primarily to decisions by courts within the Fourth Circuit since mid-2012. Despite these general parameters, because bankruptcy is federal law, there are some cases outside the Fourth Circuit that are included due to their influential and instructive nature. The intention of this update is to provide bankruptcy practitioners in Virginia with concise, yet compre-hensive, case summaries that will prove to be a valuable researchtool.
Nutritional Labelling In France - Causes And Implications Of Consumer Confusion, Luis González Vaqué
Nutritional Labelling In France - Causes And Implications Of Consumer Confusion, Luis González Vaqué
Luis González Vaqué
This article discusses the controversial and heavily debated initiatives aimed at introducing nutritional labelling in France – initiatives which have exploited the ambiguity of the Art. 35 of the Regulation (EU ) No 1169/2011 on the provision of food information to consumers and have also perhaps misappropriated the provisions of Art. 34.
Businesses Are People Too? Anomalies In Widening The Ambits Of "Consumer" Under Consumer Credit Law, Francina Cantatore, Brenda Marshall
Businesses Are People Too? Anomalies In Widening The Ambits Of "Consumer" Under Consumer Credit Law, Francina Cantatore, Brenda Marshall
Brenda Marshall
This article examines the position of the small business as "consumer" under existing consumer protection legislation and the incongruities arising from this characterisation in the area of consumer credit regulation. While the inclusion of small businesses may be defensible under the Australian Consumer Law, it is contended that this is not the case in consumer credit regulation. It is arguable that such an inclusion impacts significantly on commercial dealings and could have a lasting effect on the availability of credit to small businesses. The effects of treating businesses as consumers in relation to consumer credit transactions are far-reaching, potentially affecting …
Buying Time In Spain: The Spanish Law Of Installment Sales, John M. Steadman
Buying Time In Spain: The Spanish Law Of Installment Sales, John M. Steadman
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
The Cost Of Protectionism: Should The Law Favor Producers Or Consumers?, Robert W. Mcgee
The Cost Of Protectionism: Should The Law Favor Producers Or Consumers?, Robert W. Mcgee
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Can Cost-Benefit Analysis Help Consumer Protection Laws? Or At Least Benefit Analysis?, Jeff Sovern
Can Cost-Benefit Analysis Help Consumer Protection Laws? Or At Least Benefit Analysis?, Jeff Sovern
Faculty Publications
Cost-benefit analysis is often troubling to consumer advocates. But this Article argues that in some circumstances it may help consumers. The Article gives several examples of supposed consumer protections that have protected consumers poorly, if at all. It also argues that before adopting consumer protections, lawmakers should first attempt to determine whether the protections will work. The Article suggests that because lawmakers are unlikely to adopt multiple solutions to the same problem, one cost of ineffective consumer protections is a kind of opportunity cost, in that ineffective consumer protections might appear to make adoption of effective ones unnecessary. Ironically, such …
Arbitration And The Contract Exchange, Andrew A. Schwartz
Arbitration And The Contract Exchange, Andrew A. Schwartz
Publications
A contract exchange, defined as an organized marketplace for the creation or trading of specific contracts, provides benefits to its members as well as the public at large. But legal disputes can arise on contract exchanges, just as they do anywhere else, and those disputes can be litigated, mediated, arbitrated, or resolved in some other way. This Essay claims that arbitration, rather than litigation, is a particularly useful and appropriate means for resolving exchange-related disputes, and that this is true not only for traditional contract exchanges, like the Chicago Board of Trade, but also for online "consumer contract exchanges," such …
Businesses Are People Too? Anomalies In Widening The Ambits Of "Consumer" Under Consumer Credit Law, Francina Cantatore, Brenda Marshall
Businesses Are People Too? Anomalies In Widening The Ambits Of "Consumer" Under Consumer Credit Law, Francina Cantatore, Brenda Marshall
Francina Cantatore
This article examines the position of the small business as "consumer" under existing consumer protection legislation and the incongruities arising from this characterisation in the area of consumer credit regulation. While the inclusion of small businesses may be defensible under the Australian Consumer Law, it is contended that this is not the case in consumer credit regulation. It is arguable that such an inclusion impacts significantly on commercial dealings and could have a lasting effect on the availability of credit to small businesses. The effects of treating businesses as consumers in relation to consumer credit transactions are far-reaching, potentially affecting …
Critical Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Consumer Complaint Redressal Agencies Under The Consumer Protection Act, 1986, Sudhir Tarote, Sukdeo Ingale
Critical Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Consumer Complaint Redressal Agencies Under The Consumer Protection Act, 1986, Sudhir Tarote, Sukdeo Ingale
Sukdeo Ingale
In this paper, the authors have bird’s eye view of the provisions of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 dealing with jurisdictional overlapping, summary proceeding, power to grant interim relief, review powers, appeal, lack of the status of ‘Court of Record’ etc. The authors found some defects in the functioning of the existing framework of the Consumer Complaint Redressal Agencies and have suggested in which way the procedural reform shall go further for better protection of substantive rights of consumer. The scope of this paper is limited to the procedural rights of consumer and does not explore substantive rights of consumer.
California Ex Rel. Harris V. Safeway, Inc.: Mismanaging The Intersection Of Antitrust And Labor Law, Peter L. Cooch
California Ex Rel. Harris V. Safeway, Inc.: Mismanaging The Intersection Of Antitrust And Labor Law, Peter L. Cooch
Journal of Business & Technology Law
No abstract provided.