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Constitutional Law

1995

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Articles 1 - 30 of 382

Full-Text Articles in Law

Criminal Procedure Mate: Searches And Seizures, Interrogation, Identifications, And Exclusionary Remedy, Robert Bloom Oct 2013

Criminal Procedure Mate: Searches And Seizures, Interrogation, Identifications, And Exclusionary Remedy, Robert Bloom

Robert Bloom

No abstract provided.


Review Of When Death Is Sought: Assisted Suicide And Euthanasia In The Medical Context, By The New York State Task Force On Life And Law, Charles Baron Aug 2013

Review Of When Death Is Sought: Assisted Suicide And Euthanasia In The Medical Context, By The New York State Task Force On Life And Law, Charles Baron

Charles H. Baron

No abstract provided.


Presence And Absence In Lochner: Making Rights Real, Eileen A. Scallen Dec 1995

Presence And Absence In Lochner: Making Rights Real, Eileen A. Scallen

UC Law Constitutional Quarterly

No abstract provided.


United States V. Clary: Equal Protection And The Crack Statute , Jason A. Gillmer Dec 1995

United States V. Clary: Equal Protection And The Crack Statute , Jason A. Gillmer

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Arts: A Traditional Sphere Of Free Expression? First Amendment Implications Of Government Funding To The Arts In The Aftermath Of Rust V. Sullivan , Thomas P. Leff Dec 1995

The Arts: A Traditional Sphere Of Free Expression? First Amendment Implications Of Government Funding To The Arts In The Aftermath Of Rust V. Sullivan , Thomas P. Leff

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.


Your Life As An Open Book: Has Technology Rendered Personal Privacy Virtually Obsolete?, Sandra Byrd Peterson Dec 1995

Your Life As An Open Book: Has Technology Rendered Personal Privacy Virtually Obsolete?, Sandra Byrd Peterson

Federal Communications Law Journal

As society becomes increasingly automated, the ability of individuals to protect their "information privacy" is practically nonexistent. Information that was once kept on paper in filing cabinets is now on-line in computer databases. At the touch of a computer key, a complete stranger can conveniently access and compile from a variety of different sources a dossier of intimate, personal information about people without their knowledge. Perhaps more shocking is the current lack of legal recourse available to contest the nonconsensual use of personal data.
In this Note, the Author examines the currently loose constitutional and common-law protections and suggests strategies …


The Death Penalty In The Twenty-First Century , Stephen B. Bright, Edward Chikofsky, Laurie Ekstrand, Harriet C. Ganson, Paul D. Kamenar, Robert E. Morin, William G. Otis, Jasmin Raskin, Ira P. Robbins, Diann Rust-Tierney, Charles F. Shilling, Andrew L. Sooner, Ronald J. Rabak, David V. Drehle, James Wootton Dec 1995

The Death Penalty In The Twenty-First Century , Stephen B. Bright, Edward Chikofsky, Laurie Ekstrand, Harriet C. Ganson, Paul D. Kamenar, Robert E. Morin, William G. Otis, Jasmin Raskin, Ira P. Robbins, Diann Rust-Tierney, Charles F. Shilling, Andrew L. Sooner, Ronald J. Rabak, David V. Drehle, James Wootton

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.


Enumerated Means And Unlimited Ends, H. Jefferson Powell Dec 1995

Enumerated Means And Unlimited Ends, H. Jefferson Powell

Michigan Law Review

United States v. Lopez can be read as a fairly mundane disagreement over the application of a long-settled test. The Government defended the statute under review in the case, the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, along familiar lines as a permissible regulation of activity affecting interstate and foreign commerce.

In this essay, I do not address the question whether Lopez was an important decision. My concern instead is with the problem that underlies Lopez's particular issue of the scope of the commerce power: Given our commitment to limited national government, in what way is the national legislature actually limited? …


The Arts: A Traditional Sphere Of Free Expression? First Amendment Implications Of Government Funding To The Arts In The Aftermath Of Rust V. Sullivan , Thomas P. Leff Dec 1995

The Arts: A Traditional Sphere Of Free Expression? First Amendment Implications Of Government Funding To The Arts In The Aftermath Of Rust V. Sullivan , Thomas P. Leff

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.


United States V. Clary: Equal Protection And The Crack Statute , Jason A. Gillmer Dec 1995

United States V. Clary: Equal Protection And The Crack Statute , Jason A. Gillmer

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.


Foreword, Louis H. Pollak Dec 1995

Foreword, Louis H. Pollak

Michigan Law Review

Introduction to the Symposium Reflections on United States v. Lopez


Commerce!, Deborah Jones Merritt Dec 1995

Commerce!, Deborah Jones Merritt

Michigan Law Review

In this article, I explore the Supreme Court's new definition of "Commerce ... among the several States."9 In Part I, I examine three new principles that Lopez announces and that could significantly rework the Court's Commerce Clause jurisprudence. Part II, however, shows that these principles must be understood in the context of almost a dozen factors narrowing the Supreme Court's Lopez decision. Part II also demonstrates that the lower courts have understood the contextual uniqueness of Lopez and already have distinguished the decision in upholding more than half a dozen broad exercises of congressional authority. Part III then shows that …


Petty Offenses, Serious Consequences: Multiple Petty Offenses And The Sixth Amendment Right To Jury Trial, Jeff E. Butler Dec 1995

Petty Offenses, Serious Consequences: Multiple Petty Offenses And The Sixth Amendment Right To Jury Trial, Jeff E. Butler

Michigan Law Review

In Blanton v. City of North Las Vegas, the Supreme Court set forth the definitive standard for distinguishing petty offenses from serious crimes.7 The benchmark used by the Court is the maximum prison term assigned to each offense by the legislature. Where the penalty exceeds six months' imprisonment, the offense is serious enough to trigger the right to jury trial. Where the penalty is six months' imprisonment or less, there is a strong presumption that the offense is petty; therefore, a defendant accused of that offense has no Sixth Amendment right to jury trial.

This Note argues that a criminal …


The Constitution's Forgotten Cover Letter: An Essay On The New Federalism And The Original Understanding, Daniel A. Farber Dec 1995

The Constitution's Forgotten Cover Letter: An Essay On The New Federalism And The Original Understanding, Daniel A. Farber

Michigan Law Review

At the end of the summer of 1787, the Philadelphia Convention issued two documents. One was the Constitution itself. The other document, now almost forgotten even by constitutional historians, was an official letter to Congress, signed by George Washington on behalf of the Convention. Congress responded with a resolution that the Constitution and "letter accompanying the same" be sent to the state legislatures for submission to conventions in each state.

The Washington letter lacks the detail and depth of some other evidence of original intent. Being a cover letter, it was designed only to introduce the accompanying document rather than …


"A Government Of Limited And Enumerated Powers": In Defense Of United States V. Lopez, Steven G. Calabresi Dec 1995

"A Government Of Limited And Enumerated Powers": In Defense Of United States V. Lopez, Steven G. Calabresi

Michigan Law Review

The Supreme Court's recent decision in United States v. Lopez marks a revolutionary and long overdue revival of the doctrine that the federal government is one of limited and enumerated powers. After being "asleep at the constitutional switch" for more than fifty years, the Court's decision to invalidate an Act of Congress on the ground that it exceeded the commerce power must be recognized as an extraordinary event. Even if Lopez produces no progeny and is soon overruled, the opinion has shattered forever the notion that, after fifty years of Commerce Clause precedent, we can never go back to the …


The Death Penalty In The Twenty-First Century , Stephen B. Bright, Edward Chikofsky, Laurie Ekstrand, Harriet C. Ganson, Paul D. Kamenar, Robert E. Morin, William G. Otis, Jasmin Raskin, Ira P. Robbins, Diann Rust-Tierney, Charles F. Shilling, Andrew L. Sooner, Ronald J. Rabak, David V. Drehle, James Wootton Dec 1995

The Death Penalty In The Twenty-First Century , Stephen B. Bright, Edward Chikofsky, Laurie Ekstrand, Harriet C. Ganson, Paul D. Kamenar, Robert E. Morin, William G. Otis, Jasmin Raskin, Ira P. Robbins, Diann Rust-Tierney, Charles F. Shilling, Andrew L. Sooner, Ronald J. Rabak, David V. Drehle, James Wootton

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.


United Mizrahi Bank V. Migdal Cooperative Village, Aharon Barak, Gavriel Bach, Eliezer Goldberg, Dov Levin, Eliahu Mazza, Tzevi Eliyahu Tal, Itzchak Zamir, Meir Shamgar, Mishael Cheshin Nov 1995

United Mizrahi Bank V. Migdal Cooperative Village, Aharon Barak, Gavriel Bach, Eliezer Goldberg, Dov Levin, Eliahu Mazza, Tzevi Eliyahu Tal, Itzchak Zamir, Meir Shamgar, Mishael Cheshin

Translated Opinions

The Family Agricultural Sector (Arrangements) Law was adopted by the Knesset in 1992, as part of an attempt to rehabilitate Israel’s agricultural sector following a severe economic crises. To that end, the law established a body called the “rehabilitator,” which was granted broad authority to settle, restructure and cancel debts that had been created up to the end of 1987. In 1993, the Knesset found it necessary to intervene again, and amended the law. Among other changes, the Family Agricultural Sector (Arrangements) (Amendment) Law, 5753-1993, redefined the debts subject to the law, and extended the applicable time period so that …


Miller V. Minister Of Defence, Eliahu Mazza, Dalia Dorner, Tova Strasberg-Cohen, Yaakov Kedmi, Tzevi Eliyahu Tal Nov 1995

Miller V. Minister Of Defence, Eliahu Mazza, Dalia Dorner, Tova Strasberg-Cohen, Yaakov Kedmi, Tzevi Eliyahu Tal

Translated Opinions

Facts: The petitioner asked the army to assign her to the air force for training as a pilot. The army refused, since it was established policy not to train women as pilots. The army’s reasoning was based on the length of service: by law, men are obliged to serve until the age of 54, whereas women are only obliged to serve until the age of 38, and they are exempt if they are pregnant or have children. Consequently, the army argued, the huge investment involved in training a pilot could not be justified for women, and planning for the deployment …


Securing Deliberative Autonomy, James E. Fleming Nov 1995

Securing Deliberative Autonomy, James E. Fleming

Faculty Scholarship

In this article, Professor Fleming proposes to tether the right of autonomy by grounding it within a constitutional constructivism, a guidingframeworkfor constitutional theory with two fundamental themes: deliberative democracy and deliberative autonomy. He advances deliberative autonomy as a unifying theme that shows the coherence and structure of certain substantive liberties on a list of familiar "unenumerated" fundamental rights (commonly classed under privacy, autonomy, or substantive due process). The bedrock structure of deliberative autonomy secures basic liberties that are significant preconditions for persons' ability to deliberate about and make certain fundamental decisions affecting their destiny, identity, or way of life. As …


Back To The Briarpatch: An Argument In Favor Of Constitutional Meta-Analysis In State Action Determinations, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr. Nov 1995

Back To The Briarpatch: An Argument In Favor Of Constitutional Meta-Analysis In State Action Determinations, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr.

Michigan Law Review

Brer Rabbit, after claiming repeatedly that he would prefer almost anything to being thrown into the briarpatch, expressed glee once tossed there. In fact, Brer Rabbit wanted to be in the briarpatch because, like most rabbits, he could navigate the briarpatch with relative ease: the briarpatch was home.

Over the course of a century, the Supreme Court has developed a great degree of familiarity with the state action doctrine, a doctrinal briar patch. Like Brer Rabbit, the Court has disclaimed repeatedly any interest in being there.

In this article, I argue that the existing tests for establishing the presence of …


Original Intent And Article Iii, Michael L. Wells, Edward J. Larson Nov 1995

Original Intent And Article Iii, Michael L. Wells, Edward J. Larson

Scholarly Works

Article III of the United States Constitution sets limits on the ability of the legislature to expand or contract the jurisdiction of the federal courts. The Supreme Court has generally held that Article III's restraints on the power of the legislature to restrict the jurisdiction of the federal courts are few and extremely permissive. Many scholars, however, argue that Article III imposes some strong limitations on the legislature's ability to define federal jurisdiction. Strangely, both sides of the debate rely on originalist arguments. This Article argues that reliance on the Framers' intent to resolve issues of federal courts law is …


Policy Distortion And Democratic Debilitation: Comparative Illumination Of The Countermajoritarian Difficulty, Mark Tushnet Nov 1995

Policy Distortion And Democratic Debilitation: Comparative Illumination Of The Countermajoritarian Difficulty, Mark Tushnet

Michigan Law Review

James Bradley Thayer set the terms of the past century's discussion of judicial review in The Origin and Scope of the American Doctrine of Constitutional Law. Thayer was concerned with what Alexander Bickel labeled the "countermajoritarian difficulty" with judicial review, that judicial review displaces decisions made by near-contemporaneous political majorities and therefore is open to the charge that it is undemocratic. Thayer attempted to minimize the displacement- of political majorities through his "clear error" rule, according to which courts should not overturn legislation unless "those who have the right to make laws have not merely made a mistake, but have …


Homologizing Pregnancy And Motherhood: A Consideration Of Abortion, Julia E. Hanigsberg Nov 1995

Homologizing Pregnancy And Motherhood: A Consideration Of Abortion, Julia E. Hanigsberg

Michigan Law Review

In this essay I reconsider abortion in order to bridge what initially seem to be two opposing frameworks: first, the conception of abortion as an issue of women's bodily integrity and liberty, and second, the acknowledgement of the existence and meaning of intrauterine life. The abortion choice is indeed deeply and necessarily tied to women's bodily integrity. I will discuss how taking away women's ability to control their decision not to become mothers can be severely damaging to their very sense of self, for this denial of decisionmaking divides women from their wombs and uses their wombs for a purpose …


The Brady Bill: Surviving The Tenth Amendment, Amy M. Pepke Nov 1995

The Brady Bill: Surviving The Tenth Amendment, Amy M. Pepke

Vanderbilt Law Review

In late 1993, Congress passed the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act ("Brady Bill")' as an amendment to the Gun Control Act of 1968. By mid-1994, several suits had been initiated challenging the constitutionality of the Bill. Although the plaintiffs in each case brought several claims, the most viable and controversial challenge centers on the Tenth Amendment. Plaintiffs have argued that certain provisions of the Bill unconstitutionally commandeer state resources by imposing mandatory duties on the chief law enforcement officer ("CLEO") of the place of residence of the prospective gun purchaser. Supreme Court decisions on tenth amendment questions have been ambiguous …


The First Stone Of The Death Penalty, Bruce Ledewitz Oct 1995

The First Stone Of The Death Penalty, Bruce Ledewitz

Ledewitz Papers

Published scholarship collected from academic journals, law reviews, newspaper publications & online periodicals


Sexual Psychopath Legislation: Is There Anywhere To Go But Backwards?, Andrew Horwitz Oct 1995

Sexual Psychopath Legislation: Is There Anywhere To Go But Backwards?, Andrew Horwitz

Law Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Constitutional Law—Freedom Of Speech—Homeowner Wins In Battle To Limit City Government's Power To Ban Residential Signs. City Of Ladue V. Gilleo, 114 S. Ct. 2038 (1994)., Stan M. Weber Oct 1995

Constitutional Law—Freedom Of Speech—Homeowner Wins In Battle To Limit City Government's Power To Ban Residential Signs. City Of Ladue V. Gilleo, 114 S. Ct. 2038 (1994)., Stan M. Weber

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.


Of "Sloppy Journalism," Corporate Tyranny," And Mea Culpas: The Curious Case Of Moldea V. New York Times, David A. Logan Oct 1995

Of "Sloppy Journalism," Corporate Tyranny," And Mea Culpas: The Curious Case Of Moldea V. New York Times, David A. Logan

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.


Citizen Initiatives In Florida: An Analysis Of Florida's Constitutional Initative Process, Issues, And Alternatives, P. K. Jameson, Martha Hosack Oct 1995

Citizen Initiatives In Florida: An Analysis Of Florida's Constitutional Initative Process, Issues, And Alternatives, P. K. Jameson, Martha Hosack

Florida State University Law Review

No abstract provided.


Zoning And Religion: Will The Religious Freedom Restoration Act Of 1993 Shift The Line Towards Religious Liberty? , Simon J. Santiago Oct 1995

Zoning And Religion: Will The Religious Freedom Restoration Act Of 1993 Shift The Line Towards Religious Liberty? , Simon J. Santiago

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.