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Articles 1 - 30 of 46
Full-Text Articles in Law
Gatekeeping Vs. Balancing In The Constitutional Law Of Elections: Methodological Uncertainty On The High Court, Christopher S. Elmendorf, Edward B. Foley
Gatekeeping Vs. Balancing In The Constitutional Law Of Elections: Methodological Uncertainty On The High Court, Christopher S. Elmendorf, Edward B. Foley
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
This Essay examines the methodological upheaval created by the quartet of constitutional election law cases decided during October Term 2007. Prior to this Term, the ascendant analytic approach called for a threshold characterization of the burden on the plaintiff's rights, which characterization determined whether the court would apply strict scrutiny or lax, rational-basis-like review. The characterization was generally formal in nature. But in light of the Supreme Court's latest decisions, it is now open to a lower court adjudicating a First Amendment or Equal Protection challenge to an election law-absent a Supreme Court precedent squarely on point- (1) to engage …
Giving Dissenters Back Their Rights: How The White House Presidential Advance Manual Changes The First Amendment And Standing Debates, Kimberly Albrecht-Taylor
Giving Dissenters Back Their Rights: How The White House Presidential Advance Manual Changes The First Amendment And Standing Debates, Kimberly Albrecht-Taylor
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
No abstract provided.
Reconstructing The Dormant Commerce Clause Doctrine, Brannon P. Denning
Reconstructing The Dormant Commerce Clause Doctrine, Brannon P. Denning
William & Mary Law Review
In this Article, I argue that the alleged incoherence and unpredictability of the dormant Commerce Clause doctrine (DCCD) is rooted in the Supreme Court's search, through the years, for a stable set of rules enabling it to distinguish permissible from impermissible state regulations of interstate commerce and commercial actors. Its lack of success, the Article argues, is due in large part to the Court's inability to settle on the constitutional command the doctrine was to enforce. Historically, the Court would promulgate a set of rules, apply them for a time, then alter or modify them as the rules became unsatisfactory. …
Pole Dancing Reprise/Reprieve, Timothy Zick
Death By A Thousand Cases: After Booker, Rita, And Gall, The Guidelines Still Violate The Sixth Amendment, David C. Holman
Death By A Thousand Cases: After Booker, Rita, And Gall, The Guidelines Still Violate The Sixth Amendment, David C. Holman
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Tempest In An Empty Teapot: Why The Constitution Does Not Regulate Gerrymandering, Larry Alexander, Saikrishna B. Prakash
Tempest In An Empty Teapot: Why The Constitution Does Not Regulate Gerrymandering, Larry Alexander, Saikrishna B. Prakash
William & Mary Law Review
Judges and scholars are convinced that the Constitution forbids gerrymandering that goes "too far"--legislative redistrictings that are too partisan, too focused on race, etc. Gerrymanders are said to be unconstitutional for many reasons-they dilute votes, they are anti-democratic, and they generate uncompetitive elections won by extremist candidates. Judges and scholars cite numerous clauses that gerrymanders supposedly violate- the Equal Protection Clause, the Guarantee Clause, and even the First Amendment. We dissent from this orthodoxy. Most of these claims rest on the notion that the Constitution establishes certain ideals about representation in legislatures and about the outcome and conduct of elections. …
Initiating A New Constitutional Dialogue: The Increased Importance Under Aedpa Of Seeking Certiorari From Judgments Of State Courts, Giovanna Shay, Christopher Lasch
Initiating A New Constitutional Dialogue: The Increased Importance Under Aedpa Of Seeking Certiorari From Judgments Of State Courts, Giovanna Shay, Christopher Lasch
William & Mary Law Review
The Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA) contains a provision restricting federal courts from considering any authority other than holdings of the Supreme Court in determining whether to grant a state prisoner's petition for habeas corpus. Through an empirical study of cert filings and cases decided by the Supreme Court, we assess this provision's impact on the development of federal constitutional criminal doctrine. Before AEDPA and other restrictions on federal habeas corpus, lower federal courts and state courts contributed to doctrinal development by engaging in a "dialogue" (as described by Robert M. Cover and T. Alexander Aleinikoff in a …
Possession Is Nine Tenths Of The Law: But Who Really Owns A Church's Property In The Wake Of A Religious Split Within A Hierarchical Church?, Meghaan Cecilia Mcelroy
Possession Is Nine Tenths Of The Law: But Who Really Owns A Church's Property In The Wake Of A Religious Split Within A Hierarchical Church?, Meghaan Cecilia Mcelroy
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Changing State Laws To Prohibit The Display Of Hangman's Nooses: Tightening The Knot Around The First Amendment?, Allison Barger
Changing State Laws To Prohibit The Display Of Hangman's Nooses: Tightening The Knot Around The First Amendment?, Allison Barger
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
No abstract provided.
The Iphone Meets The Fourth Amendment, Adam M. Gershowitz
The Iphone Meets The Fourth Amendment, Adam M. Gershowitz
Faculty Publications
Under the search incident to arrest doctrine, police may search the entire body and immediate grabbing space of an arrestee, including the contents of all containers, without any probable cause. Because almost all traffic infractions are arrestable offenses, police have enormous opportunity to conduct such searches incident to arrest. In the near future, these already high-stakes searches will become even more important because millions of drivers will not only possess containers that hold a few scattered papers, such as wallets or briefcases, but also iPhones—capable of holding tens of thousands of pages of personal information. If current Fourth Amendment jurisprudence …
Choice Of Law, The Constitution And Lochner, James Y. Stern
Choice Of Law, The Constitution And Lochner, James Y. Stern
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
A Darwinist View Of The Living Constitution, Scott Dodson
A Darwinist View Of The Living Constitution, Scott Dodson
Faculty Publications
The metaphor of a “living” Constitution imports terms from biology into law and, in the process, relies on biology for its meaning. A proper understanding of biology is therefore central to understanding the idea of “living” constitutionalism. Yet despite its rampant use by both opponents and proponents of living constitutionalism, and despite the current fervent debate over whether biology can be useful to the law, no one has evaluated the metaphor from a biological perspective. This Essay begins that inquiry in an interdisciplinary study of law, science, and philology. The Essay first evaluates the metaphor as it is currently used …
The Continuing Threshold Test For Free Exercise Claims, Andy G. Olree
The Continuing Threshold Test For Free Exercise Claims, Andy G. Olree
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
When a claimant challenges some governmental law or action under the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment, courts have long required the claimant to make out a prima facie case that the government has burdened the exercise of the claimant's sincerely held religious beliefs. This requirement has been referred to as the threshold test for free exercise claims, since claimants must make this showing as a threshold matter before courts will proceed to evaluate the burden and the governmental interest at stake under some standard of scrutiny. This Article argues that although the Supreme Court of the United States …
Metaphors And Modalities: Meditations On Bobbit's Theory Of The Constitution, Ian C. Bartrum
Metaphors And Modalities: Meditations On Bobbit's Theory Of The Constitution, Ian C. Bartrum
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
No abstract provided.
Freedom To Err: The Idea Of Natural Selection In Politics, Schools, And Courts, Paul D. Carrington
Freedom To Err: The Idea Of Natural Selection In Politics, Schools, And Courts, Paul D. Carrington
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
No abstract provided.
Civil Procedure And The Establishment Clause: Exploring The Ministerial Exception, Subject-Matter Jurisdiction, And The Freedom Of The Church, Gregory A. Kalscheur
Civil Procedure And The Establishment Clause: Exploring The Ministerial Exception, Subject-Matter Jurisdiction, And The Freedom Of The Church, Gregory A. Kalscheur
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
What sort of defense is provided by the ministerial exception to employment discrimination claims? The ministerial exception bars civil courts from reviewing the decisions of religious organizations regarding the employment of their ministerial employees. While the exception itself is widely recognized by courts, there is confusion with respect to the proper characterization of the defense provided by the exception: should it be seen as a subject matter jurisdiction defense, or as a challenge to the legal sufficiency of the plaintiff's claim? This Article argues that articulating the right answer to this question of civil procedure is crucial to a proper …
Justifying Motive Analysis In Judicial Review, Gordon G. Young
Justifying Motive Analysis In Judicial Review, Gordon G. Young
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
Motives concern us in ordinary life and in the law of torts and crimes, and that concern is justified by consequentialist ethics. Despite occasional judicial protestations, motive analysis pervades large parts of constitutional law. Illegitimate motives aimed at suspect classes, or "designed to strike" at any number of rights identified as fundamental, presumptively invalidate the official actions that they animate. The consequentialist arguments for the use of motive review in this class of cases are relatively simple. Such illegitimate official motives tend to cause bad distributions of tangible benefits and burdens, or cause direct cognitive or emotional harm to the …
Pole Dancing: The New Pilates?, Timothy Zick
Why Church And State Should Be Separate, Erwin Chemerinsky
Why Church And State Should Be Separate, Erwin Chemerinsky
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Religion At A Public University, Gerard V. Bradley
Religion At A Public University, Gerard V. Bradley
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Political Judges And Popular Justice: A Conservative Victory Or A Conservative Dilemma?, George D. Brown
Political Judges And Popular Justice: A Conservative Victory Or A Conservative Dilemma?, George D. Brown
William & Mary Law Review
Most of the judges in America are elected. Yet the institution of the elected judiciary is in trouble, perhaps in crisis. The pressures of campaigning, particularly raising money, have produced an intensity of electioneering that many observers see as damaging to the institution itself. In an extraordinary development, four justices of the Supreme Court recently expressed concern over possible loss of trust in state judicial systems. Yet mechanisms that states have put in place to strike a balance between the accountability values of an elected judiciary and rule of law values of unbiased adjudication are increasingly invalidated by the federal …
Mothers Versus Babies: Constitutional And Policy Problems With Prosecutions For Prenatal Maternal Substance Abuse, Meghan Horn
Mothers Versus Babies: Constitutional And Policy Problems With Prosecutions For Prenatal Maternal Substance Abuse, Meghan Horn
William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice
This note examines the constitutional and policy implications of criminal prosecutions for prenatal maternal substance abuse under statutes criminalizing drug delivery, child abuse, and manslaughter. Although only one of these convictions has been upheld in the thirty years since a prosecutor first brought such charges, prosecutors continue to propose new and increasingly inventive theories of prosecution. Not only do these cases present procedural due process, substantive due process, and equal protection problems, they also cannot be supported by public policy. The prosecutions are opposed by healthcare workers, pit the interests of mothers and unborn children against each other, and actually …
The Cross At College: Accomodation And Acknowledgment Of Religion At Public Universities, Ira C. Lupu, Robert W. Tuttle
The Cross At College: Accomodation And Acknowledgment Of Religion At Public Universities, Ira C. Lupu, Robert W. Tuttle
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
No abstract provided.
Falsity, Insincerity, And The Freedom Of Expression, Mark Spottswood
Falsity, Insincerity, And The Freedom Of Expression, Mark Spottswood
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
Three decades ago, the Supreme Court announced that false statements of fact are devoid of constitutional value, without providing either a reasoned explanation for that principle or any supporting citations. This assertion has become one of the most frequently repeated dogmas of First Amendment law and theory, endlessly repeated and never challenged. Disturbingly, this idea has provided the theoretic foundation for a regime in which some speakers can be penalized for even honestly believed factual errors. Even worse, this dogma is flat wrong.
False statements often have value in themselves, and we should protect them even in some situations where …
The Failure Of Bowles V. Russell, Scott Dodson
The Failure Of Bowles V. Russell, Scott Dodson
Faculty Publications
The Supreme Court recently decided Bowles v. Russell—perhaps that Term’s most underrated case—which characterized the time to file a civil notice of appeal as jurisdictional and therefore not subject to equitable excuses for noncompliance. In so holding, the Court overstated the supporting precedent, inflated the jurisdictional importance of statutes, and undermined an important recent movement to clarify when a rule is jurisdictional and when it is not. This did not have to be. The Court missed a golden opportunity to chart a middle course—holding the rule mandatory but nonjurisdictional—that would have been more consistent with precedent while resolving the …
Higher Education, Harassment, And First Amendment Opportunism, Kenneth L. Marcus
Higher Education, Harassment, And First Amendment Opportunism, Kenneth L. Marcus
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
No abstract provided.
Lest We Regress To The Dark Ages: Holding Voluntary Surgical Castration Cruel And Unusual, Even For Child Molesters, Catherine Rylyk
Lest We Regress To The Dark Ages: Holding Voluntary Surgical Castration Cruel And Unusual, Even For Child Molesters, Catherine Rylyk
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
No abstract provided.
Introduction: Universities And The First Amendment, William P. Marshall
Introduction: Universities And The First Amendment, William P. Marshall
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
No abstract provided.
Intelligent Design In Public University Science Departments: Academic Freedom Or Establishment Of Religion, Frank S. Ravitch
Intelligent Design In Public University Science Departments: Academic Freedom Or Establishment Of Religion, Frank S. Ravitch
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
No abstract provided.
Free Expression And Education: Between Two Democracies, Stephen M. Feldman
Free Expression And Education: Between Two Democracies, Stephen M. Feldman
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
No abstract provided.